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AP Physics 1 & 2 Exam Online Course Prof. Dan Fullerton, M.S.
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Level Advanced
92 Lessons (24hr : 35min)
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4.5 298 Ratings & 106 Reviews
Audio: English
English

Professor Dan Fullerton will help you ace the AP Physics 1 and 2 exam in his video prep course series. Dan loves taking complex concepts and distilling them into easy-to-understand fundamentals that are illustrated with numerous applications and sample problems. He also walks through an entire real Advanced Placement test and examples from state physics exam dispensing useful test-taking strategies.

Table of Contents
Course Details
About Prof. Fullerton

Section 1: Introduction
	What is Physics?			7:38
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:12
		What is Physics?		0:31
			What is Matter, Energy, and How to They Interact	0:55
		Why?		0:58
			Physics Answers the 'Why' Questions.	1:05
		Matter		1:23
			Matter	1:29
			Mass	1:33
			Inertial Mass	1:53
			Gravitational Mass	2:12
		A Spacecraft's Mass		2:58
		Energy		3:37
			Energy: The Ability or Capacity to Do Work	3:39
			Work: The Process of Moving an Object	3:45
			The Ability or Capacity to Move an Object	3:54
		Mass-Energy Equivalence		4:51
			Relationship Between Mass and Energy E=mc2	5:01
			The Mass of An Object is Really a Measure of Its Energy	5:05
		The Study of Everything		5:42
		Introductory Course		6:19
		Next Steps		7:15
	Math Review			24:12
		Intro		0:00
		Outline		0:10
		Objectives		0:28
		Why Do We Need Units?		0:52
			Need to Set Specific Standards for Our Measurements	1:01
			Physicists Have Agreed to Use the Systeme International	1:24
		The Systeme International		1:50
			Based on Powers of 10	1:52
			7 Fundamental Units: Meter, Kilogram, Second, Ampere, Candela, Kelvin, Mole	2:02
		The Meter		2:18
			Meter is a Measure of Length	2:20
			Measurements Smaller than a Meter, Use: Centimeter, Millimeter, Micrometer, Nanometer	2:25
			Measurements Larger Than a Meter, Use Kilometer	2:38
		The Kilogram		2:46
			Roughly Equivalent to 2.2 English Pounds	2:49
			Grams, Milligrams	2:53
			Megagram	2:59
		Seconds		3:10
			Base Unit of Time	3:12
			Minute, Hour, Day	3:20
			Milliseconds, Microseconds	3:33
		Derived Units		3:41
			Velocity	3:45
			Acceleration	3:57
			Force	4:04
		Prefixes for Powers of 10		4:21
		Converting Fundamental Units, Example 1		4:53
		Converting Fundamental Units, Example 2		7:18
		Two-Step Conversions, Example 1		8:24
		Two-Step Conversions, Example 2		10:06
		Derived Unit Conversions		11:29
		Multi-Step Conversions		13:25
		Metric Estimations		15:04
		What are Significant Figures?		16:01
			Represent a Manner of Showing Which Digits In a Number Are Known to Some Level of Certainty	16:03
			Example	16:09
		Measuring with Sig Figs		16:36
			Rule 1	16:40
			Rule 2	16:44
			Rule 3	16:52
		Reading Significant Figures		16:57
			All Non-Zero Digits Are Significant	17:04
			All Digits Between Non-Zero Digits Are Significant	17:07
			Zeros to the Left of the Significant Digits	17:11
			Zeros to the Right of the Significant Digits	17:16
		Non-Zero Digits		17:21
		Digits Between Non-Zeros Are Significant		17:45
		Zeroes to the Right of the Sig Figs Are Significant		18:17
		Why Scientific Notation?		18:36
			Physical Measurements Vary Tremendously in Magnitude	18:38
			Example	18:47
		Scientific Notation in Practice		19:23
			Example 1	19:28
			Example 2	19:44
		Using Scientific Notation		20:02
			Show Your Value Using Correct Number of Significant Figures	20:05
			Move the Decimal Point	20:09
			Show Your Number Being Multiplied by 10 Raised to the Appropriate Power	20:14
		Accuracy and Precision		20:23
			Accuracy	20:36
			Precision	20:41
		Example 1: Scientific Notation w/ Sig Figs		21:48
		Example 2: Scientific Notation - Compress		22:25
		Example 3: Scientific Notation - Compress		23:07
		Example 4: Scientific Notation - Expand		23:31
	Vectors & Scalars			25:05
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:05
		Scalars		0:29
			Definition of Scalar	0:39
			Temperature, Mass, Time	0:45
		Vectors		1:12
			Vectors are Quantities That Have Magnitude and Direction	1:13
			Represented by Arrows	1:31
		Vector Representations		1:47
		Graphical Vector Addition		2:42
		Graphical Vector Subtraction		4:58
		Vector Components		6:08
		Angle of a Vector		8:22
		Vector Notation		9:52
		Example 1: Vector Components		14:30
		Example 2: Vector Components		16:05
		Example 3: Vector Magnitude		17:26
		Example 4: Vector Addition		19:38
		Example 5: Angle of a Vector		24:06
Section 2: Mechanics
	Defining & Graphing Motion			30:11
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:07
		Position		0:40
			An Object's Position Cab Be Assigned to a Variable on a Number Scale	0:43
			Symbol for Position	1:07
		Distance		1:13
			When Position Changes, An Object Has Traveled Some Distance	1:14
			Distance is Scalar and Measured in Meters	1:21
		Example 1: Distance		1:34
		Displacement		2:17
			Displacement is a Vector Which Describes the Straight Line From Start to End Point	2:18
			Measured in Meters	2:27
		Example 2: Displacement		2:39
		Average Speed		3:32
			The Distance Traveled Divided by the Time Interval	3:33
			Speed is a Scalar	3:47
		Example 3: Average Speed		3:57
		Average Velocity		4:37
			The Displacement Divided by the Time Interval	4:38
			Velocity is a Vector	4:53
		Example 4: Average Velocity		5:06
		Example 5: Chuck the Hungry Squirrel		5:55
		Acceleration		8:02
			Rate At Which Velocity Changes	8:13
			Acceleration is a Vector	8:26
		Example 6: Acceleration Problem		8:52
		Average vs. Instantaneous		9:44
			Average Values Take Into Account an Entire Time Interval	9:50
			Instantaneous Value Tells the Rate of Change of a Quantity at a Specific Instant in Time	9:54
		Example 7: Average Velocity		10:06
		Particle Diagrams		11:57
			Similar to the Effect of Oil Leak from a Car on the Pavement	11:59
			Accelerating	13:03
		Position-Time Graphs		14:17
			Shows Position as a Function of Time	14:24
		Slope of x-t Graph		15:08
			Slope Gives You the Velocity	15:09
			Negative Indicates Direction	16:27
		Velocity-Time Graphs		16:45
			Shows Velocity as a Function of Time	16:49
		Area Under v-t Graphs		17:47
			Area Under the V-T Graph Gives You Change in Displacement	17:48
		Example 8: Slope of a v-t Graph		19:45
		Acceleration-Time Graphs		21:44
			Slope of the v-t Graph Gives You Acceleration	21:45
			Area Under the a-t Graph Gives You an Object's Change in Velocity	22:24
		Example 10: Motion Graphing		24:03
		Example 11: v-t Graph		27:14
		Example 12: Displacement From v-t Graph		28:14
	Kinematic Equations			36:13
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:07
		Problem-Solving Toolbox		0:42
			Graphs Are Not Always the Most Effective	0:47
			Kinematic Equations Helps us Solve for Five Key Variables	0:56
		Deriving the Kinematic Equations		1:29
		Kinematic Equations		7:40
		Problem Solving Steps		8:13
			Label Your Horizontal or Vertical Motion	8:20
			Choose a Direction as Positive	8:24
			Create a Motion Analysis Table	8:33
			Fill in Your Givens	8:42
			Solve for Unknowns	8:45
		Example 1: Horizontal Kinematics		8:51
		Example 2: Vertical Kinematics		11:13
		Example 3: 2 Step Problem		13:25
		Example 4: Acceleration Problem		16:44
		Example 5: Particle Diagrams		17:56
		Example 6: Quadratic Solution		20:13
		Free Fall		24:24
			When the Only Force Acting on an Object is the Force of Gravity, the Motion is Free Fall	24:27
		Air Resistance		24:51
			Drop a Ball	24:56
			Remove the Air from the Room	25:02
			Analyze the Motion of Objects by Neglecting Air Resistance	25:06
		Acceleration Due to Gravity		25:22
			g = 9.8 m/s2	25:25
			Approximate g as 10 m/s2 on the AP Exam	25:37
			G is Referred to as the Gravitational Field Strength	25:48
		Objects Falling From Rest		26:15
			Objects Starting from Rest Have an Initial velocity of 0	26:19
			Acceleration is +g	26:34
		Example 7: Falling Objects		26:47
		Objects Launched Upward		27:59
			Acceleration is -g	28:04
			At Highest Point, the Object has a Velocity of 0	28:19
			Symmetry of Motion	28:27
		Example 8: Ball Thrown Upward		28:47
		Example 9: Height of a Jump		29:23
		Example 10: Ball Thrown Downward		33:08
		Example 11: Maximum Height		34:16
	Projectiles			20:32
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:06
		What is a Projectile?		0:26
			An Object That is Acted Upon Only By Gravity	0:29
			Typically Launched at an Angle	0:43
		Path of a Projectile		1:03
			Projectiles Launched at an Angle Move in Parabolic Arcs	1:06
			Symmetric and Parabolic	1:32
			Horizontal Range and Max Height	1:49
		Independence of Motion		2:17
			Vertical	2:49
			Horizontal	2:52
		Example 1: Horizontal Launch		3:49
		Example 2: Parabolic Path		7:41
		Angled Projectiles		8:30
			Must First Break Up the Object's Initial Velocity Into x- and y- Components of Initial Velocity	8:32
			An Object Will Travel the Maximum Horizontal Distance with a Launch Angle of 45 Degrees	8:43
		Example 3: Human Cannonball		8:55
		Example 4: Motion Graphs		12:55
		Example 5: Launch From a Height		15:33
		Example 6: Acceleration of a Projectile		19:56
	Relative Motion			10:52
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:06
		Reference Frames		0:18
			Motion of an Observer	0:21
			No Way to Distinguish Between Motion at Rest and Motion at a Constant Velocity	0:44
		Motion is Relative		1:35
			Example 1	1:39
			Example 2	2:09
		Calculating Relative Velocities		2:31
			Example 1	2:43
			Example 2	2:48
			Example 3	2:52
		Example 1		4:58
		Example 2: Airspeed		6:19
		Example 3: 2-D Relative Motion		7:39
		Example 4: Relative Velocity with Direction		9:40
	Newton's 1st Law of Motion			10:16
		Intro		0:00
		Objective		0:05
		Newton's 1st Law of Motion		0:16
			An Object At Rest Will Remain At Rest	0:21
			An Object In Motion Will Remain in Motion	0:26
			Net Force	0:39
			Also Known As the Law of Inertia	0:46
		Force		1:02
			Push or Pull	1:04
			Newtons	1:08
			Contact and Field Forces	1:31
			Contact Forces	1:50
			Field Forces	2:11
		What is a Net Force?		2:30
			Vector Sum of All the Forces Acting on an Object	2:33
			Translational Equilibrium	2:37
			Unbalanced Force Is a Net Force	2:46
		What Does It Mean?		3:49
			An Object Will Continue in Its Current State of Motion Unless an Unbalanced Force Acts Upon It	3:50
			Example of Newton's First Law	4:20
		Objects in Motion		5:05
			Will Remain in Motion At Constant Velocity	5:06
			Hard to Find a Frictionless Environment on Earth	5:10
		Static Equilibrium		5:40
			Net Force on an Object is 0	5:44
		Inertia		6:21
			Tendency of an Object to Resist a Change in Velocity	6:23
			Inertial Mass	6:35
			Gravitational Mass	6:40
		Example 1: Inertia		7:10
		Example 2: Inertia		7:37
		Example 3: Translational Equilibrium		8:03
		Example 4: Net Force		8:40
	Newton's 2nd Law of Motion			34:55
		Intro		0:00
		Objective		0:07
		Free Body Diagrams		0:37
			Tools Used to Analyze Physical Situations	0:40
			Show All the Forces Acting on a Single Object	0:45
		Drawing FBDs		0:58
			Draw Object of Interest as a Dot	1:00
			Sketch a Coordinate System	1:10
		Example 1: Falling Elephant		1:18
		Example 2: Falling Elephant with Air Resistance		2:07
		Example 3: Soda on Table		3:00
		Example 4: Box in Equilibrium		4:25
		Example 5: Block on a Ramp		5:01
		Pseudo-FBDs		5:53
			Draw When Forces Don't Line Up with Axes	5:56
			Break Forces That Don’t Line Up with Axes into Components That Do	6:00
		Example 6: Objects on a Ramp		6:32
		Example 7: Car on a Banked Turn		10:23
		Newton's 2nd Law of Motion		12:56
			The Acceleration of an Object is in the Direction of the Directly Proportional to the Net Force Applied	13:06
		Newton's 1st Two Laws Compared		13:45
			Newton's 1st Law	13:51
			Newton's 2nd Law	14:10
		Applying Newton's 2nd Law		14:50
		Example 8: Applying Newton's 2nd Law		15:23
		Example 9: Stopping a Baseball		16:52
		Example 10: Block on a Surface		19:51
		Example 11: Concurrent Forces		21:16
		Mass vs. Weight		22:28
			Mass	22:29
			Weight	22:47
		Example 12: Mass vs. Weight		23:16
		Translational Equilibrium		24:47
			Occurs When There Is No Net Force on an Object	24:49
			Equilibrant	24:57
		Example 13: Translational Equilibrium		25:29
		Example 14: Translational Equilibrium		26:56
		Example 15: Determining Acceleration		28:05
		Example 16: Suspended Mass		31:03
	Newton's 3rd Law of Motion			5:58
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:06
		Newton's 3rd Law of Motion		0:20
			All Forces Come in Pairs	0:24
		Examples		1:22
		Action-Reaction Pairs		2:07
			Girl Kicking Soccer Ball	2:11
			Rocket Ship in Space	2:29
			Gravity on You	2:53
		Example 1: Force of Gravity		3:34
		Example 2: Sailboat		4:00
		Example 3: Hammer and Nail		4:49
		Example 4: Net Force		5:06
	Friction			17:49
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:06
		Examples		0:23
			Friction Opposes Motion	0:24
			Kinetic Friction	0:27
			Static Friction	0:36
			Magnitude of Frictional Force Is Determined By Two Things	0:41
		Coefficient Friction		2:27
			Ratio of the Frictional Force and the Normal Force	2:28
			Chart of Different Values of Friction	2:48
		Kinetic or Static?		3:31
		Example 1: Car Sliding		4:18
		Example 2: Block on Incline		5:03
		Calculating the Force of Friction		5:48
			Depends Only Upon the Nature of the Surfaces in Contact and the Magnitude of the Force	5:50
		Terminal Velocity		6:14
			Air Resistance	6:18
			Terminal Velocity of the Falling Object	6:33
		Example 3: Finding the Frictional Force		7:36
		Example 4: Box on Wood Surface		9:13
		Example 5: Static vs. Kinetic Friction		11:49
		Example 6: Drag Force on Airplane		12:15
		Example 7: Pulling a Sled		13:21
	Dynamics Applications			35:27
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Free Body Diagrams		0:49
		Drawing FBDs		1:09
			Draw Object of Interest as a Dot	1:12
			Sketch a Coordinate System	1:18
		Example 1: FBD of Block on Ramp		1:39
		Pseudo-FBDs		1:59
			Draw Object of Interest as a Dot	2:00
			Break Up the Forces	2:07
		Box on a Ramp		2:12
		Example 2: Box at Rest		4:28
		Example 3: Box Held by Force		5:00
		What is an Atwood Machine?		6:46
			Two Objects are Connected by a Light String Over a Mass-less Pulley	6:49
		Properties of Atwood Machines		7:13
			Ideal Pulleys are Frictionless and Mass-less	7:16
			Tension is Constant in a Light String Passing Over an Ideal Pulley	7:23
		Solving Atwood Machine Problems		8:02
		Alternate Solution		12:07
			Analyze the System as a Whole	12:12
		Elevators		14:24
			Scales Read the Force They Exert on an Object Placed Upon Them	14:42
			Can be Used to Analyze Using Newton's 2nd Law and Free body Diagrams	15:23
		Example 4: Elevator Accelerates Upward		15:36
		Example 5: Truck on a Hill		18:30
		Example 6: Force Up a Ramp		19:28
		Example 7: Acceleration Down a Ramp		21:56
		Example 8: Basic Atwood Machine		24:05
		Example 9: Masses and Pulley on a Table		26:47
		Example 10: Mass and Pulley on a Ramp		29:15
		Example 11: Elevator Accelerating Downward		33:00
	Impulse & Momentum			26:06
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:06
		Momentum		0:31
			Example	0:35
			Momentum measures How Hard It Is to Stop a Moving Object	0:47
			Vector Quantity	0:58
		Example 1: Comparing Momenta		1:48
		Example 2: Calculating Momentum		3:08
		Example 3: Changing Momentum		3:50
		Impulse		5:02
			Change In Momentum	5:05
		Example 4: Impulse		5:26
		Example 5: Impulse-Momentum		6:41
		Deriving the Impulse-Momentum Theorem		9:04
		Impulse-Momentum Theorem		12:02
		Example 6: Impulse-Momentum Theorem		12:15
		Non-Constant Forces		13:55
			Impulse or Change in Momentum	13:56
			Determine the Impulse by Calculating the Area of the Triangle Under the Curve	14:07
		Center of Mass		14:56
			Real Objects Are More Complex Than Theoretical Particles	14:59
			Treat Entire Object as if Its Entire Mass Were Contained at the Object's Center of Mass	15:09
			To Calculate the Center of Mass	15:17
		Example 7: Force on a Moving Object		15:49
		Example 8: Motorcycle Accident		17:49
		Example 9: Auto Collision		19:32
		Example 10: Center of Mass (1D)		21:29
		Example 11: Center of Mass (2D)		23:28
	Collisions			21:59
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Conservation of Momentum		0:18
			Linear Momentum is Conserved in an Isolated System	0:21
			Useful for Analyzing Collisions and Explosions	0:27
		Momentum Tables		0:58
			Identify Objects in the System	1:05
			Determine the Momenta of the Objects Before and After the Event	1:10
			Add All the Momenta From Before the Event and Set Them Equal to Momenta After the Event	1:15
			Solve Your Resulting Equation for Unknowns	1:20
		Types of Collisions		1:31
			Elastic Collision	1:36
			Inelastic Collision	1:56
		Example 1: Conservation of Momentum (1D)		2:02
		Example 2: Inelastic Collision		5:12
		Example 3: Recoil Velocity		7:16
		Example 4: Conservation of Momentum (2D)		9:29
		Example 5: Atomic Collision		16:02
	Describing Circular Motion			7:18
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:07
		Uniform Circular Motion		0:20
			Circumference	0:32
			Average Speed Formula Still Applies	0:46
		Frequency		1:03
			Number of Revolutions or Cycles Which Occur Each Second	1:04
			Hertz	1:24
			Formula for Frequency	1:28
		Period		1:36
			Time It Takes for One Complete Revolution or Cycle	1:37
		Frequency and Period		1:54
		Example 1: Car on a Track		2:08
		Example 2: Race Car		3:55
		Example 3: Toy Train		4:45
		Example 4: Round-A-Bout		5:39
	Centripetal Acceleration & Force			26:37
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Uniform Circular Motion		0:38
		Direction of ac		1:41
		Magnitude of ac		3:50
		Centripetal Force		4:08
			For an Object to Accelerate, There Must Be a Net Force	4:18
			Centripetal Force	4:26
		Calculating Centripetal Force		6:14
		Example 1: Acceleration		7:31
		Example 2: Direction of ac		8:53
		Example 3: Loss of Centripetal Force		9:19
		Example 4: Velocity and Centripetal Force		10:08
		Example 5: Demon Drop		10:55
		Example 6: Centripetal Acceleration vs. Speed		14:11
		Example 7: Calculating ac		15:03
		Example 8: Running Back		15:45
		Example 9: Car at an Intersection		17:15
		Example 10: Bucket in Horizontal Circle		18:40
		Example 11: Bucket in Vertical Circle		19:20
		Example 12: Frictionless Banked Curve		21:55
	Gravitation			32:56
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Universal Gravitation		0:29
			The Bigger the Mass the Closer the Attraction	0:48
			Formula for Gravitational Force	1:16
		Calculating g		2:43
			Mass of Earth	2:51
			Radius of Earth	2:55
		Inverse Square Relationship		4:32
		Problem Solving Hints		7:21
			Substitute Values in For Variables at the End of the Problem Only	7:26
			Estimate the Order of Magnitude of the Answer Before Using Your Calculator	7:38
			Make Sure Your Answer Makes Sense	7:55
		Example 1: Asteroids		8:20
		Example 2: Meteor and the Earth		10:17
		Example 3: Satellite		13:13
		Gravitational Fields		13:50
			Gravity is a Non-Contact Force	13:54
			Closer Objects	14:14
			Denser Force Vectors	14:19
		Gravitational Field Strength		15:09
		Example 4: Astronaut		16:19
		Gravitational Potential Energy		18:07
			Two Masses Separated by Distance Exhibit an Attractive Force	18:11
			Formula for Gravitational Field	19:21
		How Do Orbits Work?		19:36
		Example5: Gravitational Field Strength for Space Shuttle in Orbit		21:35
		Example 6: Earth's Orbit		25:13
		Example 7: Bowling Balls		27:25
		Example 8: Freely Falling Object		28:07
		Example 9: Finding g		28:40
		Example 10: Space Vehicle on Mars		29:10
		Example 11: Fg vs. Mass Graph		30:24
		Example 12: Mass on Mars		31:14
		Example 13: Two Satellites		31:51
	Rotational Kinematics			15:33
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:07
		Radians and Degrees		0:26
			In Degrees, Once Around a Circle is 360 Degrees	0:29
			In Radians, Once Around a Circle is 2π	0:34
		Example 1: Degrees to Radians		0:57
		Example 2: Radians to Degrees		1:31
		Linear vs. Angular Displacement		2:00
			Linear Position	2:05
			Angular Position	2:10
		Linear vs. Angular Velocity		2:35
			Linear Speed	2:39
			Angular Speed	2:42
		Direction of Angular Velocity		3:05
		Converting Linear to Angular Velocity		4:22
		Example 3: Angular Velocity Example		4:41
		Linear vs. Angular Acceleration		5:36
		Example 4: Angular Acceleration		6:15
		Kinematic Variable Parallels		7:47
			Displacement	7:52
			Velocity	8:10
			Acceleration	8:16
			Time	8:22
		Kinematic Variable Translations		8:30
			Displacement	8:34
			Velocity	8:42
			Acceleration	8:50
			Time	8:58
		Kinematic Equation Parallels		9:09
			Kinematic Equations	9:12
			Delta	9:33
			Final Velocity Squared and Angular Velocity Squared	9:54
		Example 5: Medieval Flail		10:24
		Example 6: CD Player		10:57
		Example 7: Carousel		12:13
		Example 8: Circular Saw		13:35
	Torque			11:21
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:05
		Torque		0:18
			Force That Causes an Object to Turn	0:22
			Must be Perpendicular to the Displacement to Cause a Rotation	0:27
			Lever Arm: The Stronger the Force, The More Torque	0:45
		Direction of the Torque Vector		1:53
			Perpendicular to the Position Vector and the Force Vector	1:54
			Right-Hand Rule	2:08
		Newton's 2nd Law: Translational vs. Rotational		2:46
		Equilibrium		3:58
			Static Equilibrium	4:01
			Dynamic Equilibrium	4:09
			Rotational Equilibrium	4:22
		Example 1: Pirate Captain		4:32
		Example 2: Auto Mechanic		5:25
		Example 3: Sign Post		6:44
		Example 4: See-Saw		9:01
	Rotational Dynamics			36:06
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Types of Inertia		0:39
			Inertial Mass (Translational Inertia)	0:42
			Moment of Inertia (Rotational Inertia)	0:53
		Moment of Inertia for Common Objects		1:48
		Example 1: Calculating Moment of Inertia		2:53
		Newton's 2nd Law - Revisited		5:09
			Acceleration of an Object	5:15
			Angular Acceleration of an Object	5:24
		Example 2: Rotating Top		5:47
		Example 3: Spinning Disc		7:54
		Angular Momentum		9:41
			Linear Momentum	9:43
			Angular Momentum	10:00
		Calculating Angular Momentum		10:51
			Direction of the Angular Momentum Vector	11:26
			Total Angular Momentum	12:29
		Example 4: Angular Momentum of Particles		14:15
		Example 5: Rotating Pedestal		16:51
		Example 6: Rotating Discs		18:39
		Angular Momentum and Heavenly Bodies		20:13
		Types of Kinetic Energy		23:41
			Objects Traveling with a Translational Velocity	23:45
			Objects Traveling with Angular Velocity	24:00
		Translational vs. Rotational Variables		24:33
		Example 7: Kinetic Energy of a Basketball		25:45
		Example 8: Playground Round-A-Bout		28:17
		Example 9: The Ice Skater		30:54
		Example 10: The Bowler		33:15
	Work & Power			31:20
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		What Is Work?		0:31
			Power Output	0:35
			Transfer Energy	0:39
			Work is the Process of Moving an Object by Applying a Force	0:46
		Examples of Work		0:56
		Calculating Work		2:16
			Only the Force in the Direction of the Displacement Counts	2:33
			Formula for Work	2:48
		Example 1: Moving a Refrigerator		3:16
		Example 2: Liberating a Car		3:59
		Example 3: Crate on a Ramp		5:20
		Example 4: Lifting a Box		7:11
		Example 5: Pulling a Wagon		8:38
		Force vs. Displacement Graphs		9:33
			The Area Under a Force vs. Displacement Graph is the Work Done by the Force	9:37
			Find the Work Done	9:49
		Example 6: Work From a Varying Force		11:00
		Hooke's Law		12:42
			The More You Stretch or Compress a Spring, The Greater the Force of the Spring	12:46
			The Spring's Force is Opposite the Direction of Its Displacement from Equilibrium	13:00
		Determining the Spring Constant		14:21
		Work Done in Compressing the Spring		15:27
		Example 7: Finding Spring Constant		16:21
		Example 8: Calculating Spring Constant		17:58
		Power		18:43
			Work	18:46
			Power	18:50
		Example 9: Moving a Sofa		19:26
		Calculating Power		20:41
		Example 10: Motors Delivering Power		21:27
		Example 11: Force on a Cyclist		22:40
		Example 12: Work on a Spinning Mass		23:52
		Example 13: Work Done by Friction		25:05
		Example 14: Units of Power		28:38
		Example 15: Frictional Force on a Sled		29:43
	Energy			20:15
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:07
		What is Energy?		0:24
			The Ability or Capacity to do Work	0:26
			The Ability or Capacity to Move an Object	0:34
		Types of Energy		0:39
		Energy Transformations		2:07
			Transfer Energy by Doing Work	2:12
			Work-Energy Theorem	2:20
		Units of Energy		2:51
		Kinetic Energy		3:08
			Energy of Motion	3:13
			Ability or Capacity of a Moving Object to Move Another Object	3:17
			A Single Object Can Only Have Kinetic Energy	3:46
		Example 1: Kinetic Energy of a Motorcycle		5:08
		Potential Energy		5:59
			Energy An Object Possesses	6:10
			Gravitational Potential Energy	7:21
			Elastic Potential Energy	9:58
		Internal Energy		10:16
			Includes the Kinetic Energy of the Objects That Make Up the System and the Potential Energy of the Configuration	10:20
		Calculating Gravitational Potential Energy in a Constant Gravitational Field		10:57
		Sources of Energy on Earth		12:41
		Example 2: Potential Energy		13:41
		Example 3: Energy of a System		14:40
		Example 4: Kinetic and Potential Energy		15:36
		Example 5: Pendulum		16:55
	Conservation of Energy			23:20
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Law of Conservation of Energy		0:22
			Energy Cannot Be Created or Destroyed.. It Can Only Be Changed	0:27
			Mechanical Energy	0:34
			Conservation Laws	0:40
			Examples	0:49
		Kinematics vs. Energy		4:34
			Energy Approach	4:56
			Kinematics Approach	6:04
		The Pendulum		8:07
		Example 1: Cart Compressing a Spring		13:09
		Example 2		14:23
		Example 3: Car Skidding to a Stop		16:15
		Example 4: Accelerating an Object		17:27
		Example 5: Block on Ramp		18:06
		Example 6: Energy Transfers		19:21
	Simple Harmonic Motion			58:30
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		What Is Simple Harmonic Motion?		0:57
			Nature's Typical Reaction to a Disturbance	1:00
			A Displacement Which Results in a Linear Restoring Force Results in SHM	1:25
		Review of Springs		1:43
			When a Force is Applied to a Spring, the Spring Applies a Restoring Force	1:46
			When the Spring is in Equilibrium, It Is 'Unstrained'	1:54
			Factors Affecting the Force of A Spring	2:00
		Oscillations		3:42
			Repeated Motions	3:45
			Cycle 1	3:52
			Period	3:58
			Frequency	4:07
		Spring-Block Oscillator		4:47
			Mass of the Block	4:59
			Spring Constant	5:05
		Example 1: Spring-Block Oscillator		6:30
		Diagrams		8:07
			Displacement	8:42
			Velocity	8:57
			Force	9:36
			Acceleration	10:09
			U	10:24
			K	10:47
		Example 2: Harmonic Oscillator Analysis		16:22
		Circular Motion vs. SHM		23:26
		Graphing SHM		25:52
		Example 3: Position of an Oscillator		28:31
		Vertical Spring-Block Oscillator		31:13
		Example 4: Vertical Spring-Block Oscillator		34:26
		Example 5: Bungee		36:39
		The Pendulum		43:55
			Mass Is Attached to a Light String That Swings Without Friction About the Vertical Equilibrium	44:04
		Energy and the Simple Pendulum		44:58
		Frequency and Period of a Pendulum		48:25
			Period of an Ideal Pendulum	48:31
			Assume Theta is Small	48:54
		Example 6: The Pendulum		50:15
		Example 7: Pendulum Clock		53:38
		Example 8: Pendulum on the Moon		55:14
		Example 9: Mass on a Spring		56:01
Section 3: Fluids
	Density & Buoyancy			19:48
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Fluids		0:27
			Fluid is Matter That Flows Under Pressure	0:31
			Fluid Mechanics is the Study of Fluids	0:44
		Density		0:57
			Density is the Ratio of an Object's Mass to the Volume It Occupies	0:58
			Less Dense Fluids	1:06
			Less Dense Solids	1:09
		Example 1: Density of Water		1:27
		Example 2: Volume of Gold		2:19
		Example 3: Floating		3:06
		Buoyancy		3:54
			Force Exerted by a Fluid on an Object, Opposing the Object's Weight	3:56
			Buoyant Force Determined Using Archimedes Principle	4:03
		Example 4: Buoyant Force		5:12
		Example 5: Shark Tank		5:56
		Example 6: Concrete Boat		7:47
		Example 7: Apparent Mass		10:08
		Example 8: Volume of a Submerged Cube		13:21
		Example 9: Determining Density		15:37
	Pressure & Pascal's Principle			18:07
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Pressure		0:25
			Pressure is the Effect of a Force Acting Upon a Surface	0:27
			Formula for Pressure	0:41
			Force is Always Perpendicular to the Surface	0:50
		Exerting Pressure		1:03
			Fluids Exert Outward Pressure in All Directions on the Sides of Any Container Holding the Fluid	1:36
			Earth's Atmosphere Exerts Pressure	1:42
		Example 1: Pressure on Keyboard		2:17
		Example 2: Sleepy Fisherman		3:03
		Example 3: Scale on Planet Physica		4:12
		Example 4: Ranking Pressures		5:00
		Pressure on a Submerged Object		6:45
			Pressure a Fluid Exerts on an Object Submerged in That Fluid	6:46
			If There Is Atmosphere Above the Fluid	7:03
		Example 5: Gauge Pressure Scuba Diving		7:27
		Example 6: Absolute Pressure Scuba Diving		8:13
		Pascal's Principle		8:51
		Force Multiplication Using Pascal's Principle		9:24
		Example 7: Barber's Chair		11:38
		Example 8: Hydraulic Auto Lift		13:26
		Example 9: Pressure on a Penny		14:41
		Example 10: Depth in Fresh Water		16:39
		Example 11: Absolute vs. Gauge Pressure		17:23
	Continuity Equation for Fluids			7:00
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Conservation of Mass for Fluid Flow		0:18
			Law of Conservation of Mass for Fluids	0:21
			Volume Flow Rate Remains Constant Throughout the Pipe	0:35
		Volume Flow Rate		0:59
			Quantified In Terms Of Volume Flow Rate	1:01
			Area of Pipe x Velocity of Fluid	1:05
			Must Be Constant Throughout Pipe	1:10
		Example 1: Tapered Pipe		1:44
		Example 2: Garden Hose		2:37
		Example 3: Oil Pipeline		4:49
		Example 4: Roots of Continuity Equation		6:16
	Bernoulli's Principle			20:00
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Bernoulli's Principle		0:21
		Airplane Wings		0:35
		Venturi Pump		1:56
		Bernoulli's Equation		3:32
		Example 1: Torricelli's Theorem		4:38
		Example 2: Gauge Pressure		7:26
		Example 3: Shower Pressure		8:16
		Example 4: Water Fountain		12:29
		Example 5: Elevated Cistern		15:26
Section 4: Thermal Physics
	Temperature, Heat, & Thermal Expansion			24:17
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:12
		Thermal Physics		0:42
			Explores the Internal Energy of Objects Due to the Motion of the Atoms and Molecules Comprising the Objects	0:46
			Explores the Transfer of This Energy From Object to Object	0:53
		Temperature		1:00
			Thermal Energy Is Related to the Kinetic Energy of All the Particles Comprising the Object	1:03
			The More Kinetic Energy of the Constituent Particles Have, The Greater the Object's Thermal Energy	1:12
		Temperature and Phases of Matter		1:44
			Solids	1:48
			Liquids	1:56
			Gases	2:02
		Average Kinetic Energy and Temperature		2:16
			Average Kinetic Energy	2:24
			Boltzmann's Constant	2:29
		Temperature Scales		3:06
		Converting Temperatures		4:37
		Heat		5:03
			Transfer of Thermal Energy	5:06
			Accomplished Through Collisions Which is Conduction	5:13
		Methods of Heat Transfer		5:52
			Conduction	5:59
			Convection	6:19
			Radiation	6:31
		Quantifying Heat Transfer in Conduction		6:37
			Rate of Heat Transfer is Measured in Watts	6:42
		Thermal Conductivity		7:12
		Example 1: Average Kinetic Energy		7:35
		Example 2: Body Temperature		8:22
		Example 3: Temperature of Space		9:30
		Example 4: Temperature of the Sun		10:44
		Example 5: Heat Transfer Through Window		11:38
		Example 6: Heat Transfer Across a Rod		12:40
		Thermal Expansion		14:18
			When Objects Are Heated, They Tend to Expand	14:19
			At Higher Temperatures, Objects Have Higher Average Kinetic Energies	14:24
			At Higher Levels of Vibration, The Particles Are Not Bound As Tightly to Each Other	14:30
		Linear Expansion		15:11
			Amount a Material Expands is Characterized by the Material's Coefficient of Expansion	15:14
			One-Dimensional Expansion -> Linear Coefficient of Expansion	15:20
		Volumetric Expansion		15:38
			Three-Dimensional Expansion -> Volumetric Coefficient of Expansion	15:45
			Volumetric Coefficient of Expansion is Roughly Three Times the Linear Coefficient of Expansion	16:03
		Coefficients of Thermal Expansion		16:24
		Example 7: Contracting Railroad Tie		16:59
		Example 8: Expansion of an Aluminum Rod		18:37
		Example 9: Water Spilling Out of a Glass		20:18
		Example 10: Average Kinetic Energy vs. Temperature		22:18
		Example 11: Expansion of a Ring		23:07
	Ideal Gases			24:15
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:10
		Ideal Gases		0:25
			Gas Is Comprised of Many Particles Moving Randomly in a Container	0:34
			Particles Are Far Apart From One Another	0:46
			Particles Do Not Exert Forces Upon One Another Unless They Come In Contact in an Elastic Collision	0:53
		Ideal Gas Law		1:18
		Atoms, Molecules, and Moles		2:56
			Protons	2:59
			Neutrons	3:15
			Electrons	3:18
			Examples	3:25
		Example 1: Counting Moles		4:58
		Example 2: Moles of CO2 in a Bottle		6:00
		Example 3: Pressurized CO2		6:54
		Example 4: Helium Balloon		8:53
		Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas		10:17
			The Average Kinetic Energy of the Particles of an Ideal Gas	10:21
			Total Internal Energy of the Ideal Gas Can Be Found by Multiplying the Average Kinetic Energy of the Gas's Particles by the Numbers of Particles in the Gas	10:32
		Example 5: Internal Energy of Oxygen		12:00
		Example 6: Temperature of Argon		12:41
		Root-Mean-Square Velocity		13:40
			This is the Square Root of the Average Velocity Squared For All the Molecules in the System	13:43
			Derived from the Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Function	13:56
		Calculating vrms		14:56
		Example 7: Average Velocity of a Gas		18:32
		Example 8: Average Velocity of a Gas		19:44
		Example 9: vrms of Molecules in Equilibrium		20:59
		Example 10: Moles to Molecules		22:25
		Example 11: Relating Temperature and Internal Energy		23:22
	Thermodynamics			22:29
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:06
		Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics		0:26
		First Law of Thermodynamics		1:00
			The Change in the Internal Energy of a Closed System is Equal to the Heat Added to the System Plus the Work Done on the System	1:04
			It is a Restatement of the Law of Conservation of Energy	1:19
			Sign Conventions Are Important	1:25
		Work Done on a Gas		1:44
		Example 1: Adding Heat to a System		3:25
		Example 2: Expanding a Gas		4:07
		P-V Diagrams		5:11
			Pressure-Volume Diagrams are Useful Tools for Visualizing Thermodynamic Processes of Gases	5:13
			Use Ideal Gas Law to Determine Temperature of Gas	5:25
		P-V Diagrams II		5:55
			Volume Increases, Pressure Decreases	6:00
			As Volume Expands, Gas Does Work	6:19
			Temperature Rises as You Travel Up and Right on a PV Diagram	6:29
		Example 3: PV Diagram Analysis		6:40
		Types of PV Processes		7:52
			Adiabatic	8:03
			Isobaric	8:19
			Isochoric	8:28
			Isothermal	8:35
		Adiabatic Processes		8:47
			Heat Is not Transferred Into or Out of The System	8:50
			Heat = 0	8:55
		Isobaric Processes		9:19
			Pressure Remains Constant	9:21
			PV Diagram Shows a Horizontal Line	9:27
		Isochoric Processes		9:51
			Volume Remains Constant	9:52
			PV Diagram Shows a Vertical Line	9:58
			Work Done on the Gas is Zero	10:01
		Isothermal Processes		10:27
			Temperature Remains Constant	10:29
			Lines on a PV Diagram Are Isotherms	10:31
			PV Remains Constant	10:38
			Internal Energy of Gas Remains Constant	10:40
		Example 4: Adiabatic Expansion		10:46
		Example 5: Removing Heat		11:25
		Example 6: Ranking Processes		13:08
		Second Law of Thermodynamics		13:59
			Heat Flows Naturally From a Warmer Object to a Colder Object	14:02
			Heat Energy Cannot be Completely Transformed Into Mechanical Work	14:11
			All Natural Systems Tend Toward a Higher Level of Disorder	14:19
		Heat Engines		14:52
			Heat Engines Convert Heat Into Mechanical Work	14:56
			Efficiency of a Heat Engine is the Ratio of the Engine You Get Out to the Energy You Put In	14:59
		Power in Heat Engines		16:09
		Heat Engines and PV Diagrams		17:38
		Carnot Engine		17:54
			It Is a Theoretical Heat Engine That Operates at Maximum Possible Efficiency	18:02
			It Uses Only Isothermal and Adiabatic Processes	18:08
			Carnot's Theorem	18:11
		Example 7: Carnot Engine		18:49
		Example 8: Maximum Efficiency		21:02
		Example 9: PV Processes		21:51
Section 5: Electricity & Magnetism
	Electric Fields & Forces			38:24
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:10
		Electric Charges		0:34
			Matter is Made Up of Atoms	0:37
			Protons Have a Charge of +1	0:45
			Electrons Have a Charge of -1	1:00
			Most Atoms Are Neutral	1:04
			Ions	1:15
			Fundamental Unit of Charge is the Coulomb	1:29
			Like Charges Repel, While Opposites Attract	1:50
		Example 1: Charge on an Object		2:22
		Example 2: Charge of an Alpha Particle		3:36
		Conductors and Insulators		4:27
			Conductors Allow Electric Charges to Move Freely	4:30
			Insulators Do Not Allow Electric Charges to Move Freely	4:39
			Resistivity is a Material Property	4:45
		Charging by Conduction		5:05
			Materials May Be Charged by Contact, Known as Conduction	5:07
			Conductors May Be Charged by Contact	5:24
		Example 3: Charging by Conduction		5:38
		The Electroscope		6:44
		Charging by Induction		8:00
		Example 4: Electrostatic Attraction		9:23
		Coulomb's Law		11:46
			Charged Objects Apply a Force Upon Each Other = Coulombic Force	11:52
			Force of Attraction or Repulsion is Determined by the Amount of Charge and the Distance Between the Charges	12:04
		Example 5: Determine Electrostatic Force		13:09
		Example 6: Deflecting an Electron Beam		15:35
		Electric Fields		16:28
			The Property of Space That Allows a Charged Object to Feel a Force	16:44
			Electric Field Strength Vector is the Amount of Electrostatic Force Observed by a Charge Per Unit of Charge	17:01
			The Direction of the Electric Field Vector is the Direction a Positive Charge Would Feel a Force	17:24
		Example 7: Field Between Metal Plates		17:58
		Visualizing the Electric Field		19:27
			Electric Field Lines Point Away from Positive Charges and Toward Negative Charges	19:40
			Electric Field Lines Intersect Conductors at Right Angles to the Surface	19:50
			Field Strength and Line Density Decreases as You Move Away From the Charges	19:58
		Electric Field Lines		20:09
		E Field Due to a Point Charge		22:32
			Electric Fields Are Caused by Charges	22:35
			Electric Field Due to a Point Charge Can Be Derived From the Definition of the Electric Field and Coulomb's Law	22:38
			To Find the Electric Field Due to Multiple Charges	23:09
		Comparing Electricity to Gravity		23:56
			Force	24:02
			Field Strength	24:16
			Constant	24:37
			Charge/ Mass Units	25:01
		Example 8: E Field From 3 Point Charges		25:07
		Example 9: Where is the E Field Zero?		31:43
		Example 10: Gravity and Electricity		36:38
		Example 11: Field Due to Point Charge		37:34
	Electric Potential Difference			35:58
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Electric Potential Energy		0:32
			When an Object Was Lifted Against Gravity By Applying a Force for Some Distance, Work Was Done	0:35
			When a Charged Object is Moved Against an Electric Field by Applying a Force for Some Distance, Work is Done	0:43
			Electric Potential Difference	1:30
		Example 1: Charge From Work		2:06
		Example 2: Electric Energy		3:09
		The Electron-Volt		4:02
			Electronvolt (eV)	4:15
			1eV is the Amount of Work Done in Moving an Elementary Charge Through a Potential Difference of 1 Volt	4:28
		Example 3: Energy in eV		5:33
		Equipotential Lines		6:32
			Topographic Maps Show Lines of Equal Altitude, or Equal Gravitational Potential	6:36
			Lines Connecting Points of Equal Electrical Potential are Known as Equipotential Lines	6:57
		Drawing Equipotential Lines		8:15
		Potential Due to a Point Charge		10:46
			Calculate the Electric Field Vector Due to a Point Charge	10:52
			Calculate the Potential Difference Due to a Point Charge	11:05
			To Find the Potential Difference Due to Multiple Point Charges	11:16
		Example 4: Potential Due to a Point Charge		11:52
		Example 5: Potential Due to Point Charges		13:04
		Parallel Plates		16:34
			Configurations in Which Parallel Plates of Opposite Charge are Situated a Fixed Distance From Each Other	16:37
			These Can Create a Capacitor	16:45
		E Field Due to Parallel Plates		17:14
			Electric Field Away From the Edges of Two Oppositely Charged Parallel Plates is Constant	17:15
			Magnitude of the Electric Field Strength is Give By the Potential Difference Between the Plates Divided by the Plate Separation	17:47
		Capacitors		18:09
			Electric Device Used to Store Charge	18:11
			Once the Plates Are Charged, They Are Disconnected	18:30
			Device's Capacitance	18:46
		Capacitors Store Energy		19:28
			Charges Located on the Opposite Plates of a Capacitor Exert Forces on Each Other	19:31
		Example 6: Capacitance		20:28
		Example 7: Charge on a Capacitor		22:03
		Designing Capacitors		24:00
			Area of the Plates	24:05
			Separation of the Plates	24:09
			Insulating Material	24:13
		Example 8: Designing a Capacitor		25:35
		Example 9: Calculating Capacitance		27:39
		Example 10: Electron in Space		29:47
		Example 11: Proton Energy Transfer		30:35
		Example 12: Two Conducting Spheres		32:50
		Example 13: Equipotential Lines for a Capacitor		34:48
	Current & Resistance			21:14
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:06
		Electric Current		0:19
			Path Through Current Flows	0:21
			Current is the Amount of Charge Passing a Point Per Unit Time	0:25
			Conventional Current is the Direction of Positive Charge Flow	0:43
		Example 1: Current Through a Resistor		1:19
		Example 2: Current Due to Elementary Charges		1:47
		Example 3: Charge in a Light Bulb		2:35
		Example 4: Flashlights		3:3
		Conductivity and Resistivity		4:41
			Conductivity is a Material's Ability to Conduct Electric Charge	4:53
			Resistivity is a Material's Ability to Resist the Movement of Electric Charge	5:11
		Resistance vs. Resistivity vs. Resistors		5:35
			Resistivity Is a Material Property	5:40
			Resistance Is a Functional Property of an Element in an Electric Circuit	5:57
			A Resistor is a Circuit Element	7:23
		Resistors		7:45
		Example 5: Calculating Resistance		8:17
		Example 6: Resistance Dependencies		10:09
		Configuration of Resistors		10:50
			When Placed in a Circuit, Resistors Can be Organized in Both Serial and Parallel Arrangements	10:53
			May Be Useful to Determine an Equivalent Resistance Which Could Be Used to Replace a System or Resistors with a Single Equivalent Resistor	10:58
		Resistors in Series		11:15
		Resistors in Parallel		12:35
		Example 7: Finding Equivalent Resistance		15:01
		Example 8: Length and Resistance		17:43
		Example 9: Comparing Resistors		18:21
		Example 10: Comparing Wires		19:12
	Ohm's Law & Power			10:35
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:06
		Ohm's Law		0:21
			Relates Resistance, Potential Difference, and Current Flow	0:23
		Example 1: Resistance of a Wire		1:22
		Example 2: Circuit Current		1:58
		Example 3: Variable Resistor		2:30
		Ohm's 'Law'?		3:22
			Very Useful Empirical Relationship	3:31
			Test if a Material is 'Ohmic'	3:40
		Example 4: Ohmic Material		3:58
		Electrical Power		4:24
			Current Flowing Through a Circuit Causes a Transfer of Energy Into Different Types	4:26
			Example: Light Bulb	4:36
			Example: Television	4:58
		Calculating Power		5:09
			Electrical Energy	5:14
			Charge Per Unit Time Is Current	5:29
			Expand Using Ohm's Law	5:48
		Example 5: Toaster		7:43
		Example 6: Electric Iron		8:19
		Example 7: Power of a Resistor		9:19
		Example 8: Information Required to Determine Power in a Resistor		9:55
	Circuits & Electrical Meters			8:44
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Electrical Circuits		0:21
			A Closed-Loop Path Through Which Current Can Flow	0:22
			Can Be Made Up of Most Any Materials, But Typically Comprised of Electrical Devices	0:27
		Circuit Schematics		1:09
			Symbols Represent Circuit Elements	1:30
			Lines Represent Wires	1:33
			Sources for Potential Difference: Voltaic Cells, Batteries, Power Supplies	1:36
		Complete Conducting Paths		2:43
		Voltmeters		3:20
			Measure the Potential Difference Between Two Points in a Circuit	3:21
			Connected in Parallel with the Element to be Measured	3:25
			Have Very High Resistance	3:59
		Ammeters		4:19
			Measure the Current Flowing Through an Element of a Circuit	4:20
			Connected in Series with the Circuit	4:25
			Have Very Low Resistance	4:45
		Example 1: Ammeter and Voltmeter Placement		4:56
		Example 2: Analyzing R		6:27
		Example 3: Voltmeter Placement		7:12
		Example 4: Behavior or Electrical Meters		7:31
	Circuit Analysis			48:58
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:07
		Series Circuits		0:27
			Series Circuits Have Only a Single Current Path	0:29
			Removal of any Circuit Element Causes an Open Circuit	0:31
		Kirchhoff's Laws		1:36
			Tools Utilized in Analyzing Circuits	1:42
			Kirchhoff's Current Law States	1:47
			Junction Rule	2:00
			Kirchhoff's Voltage Law States	2:05
			Loop Rule	2:18
		Example 1: Voltage Across a Resistor		2:23
		Example 2: Current at a Node		3:45
		Basic Series Circuit Analysis		4:53
		Example 3: Current in a Series Circuit		9:21
		Example 4: Energy Expenditure in a Series Circuit		10:14
		Example 5: Analysis of a Series Circuit		12:07
		Example 6: Voltmeter In a Series Circuit		14:57
		Parallel Circuits		17:11
			Parallel Circuits Have Multiple Current Paths	17:13
			Removal of a Circuit Element May Allow Other Branches of the Circuit to Continue Operating	17:15
		Basic Parallel Circuit Analysis		18:19
		Example 7: Parallel Circuit Analysis		21:05
		Example 8: Equivalent Resistance		22:39
		Example 9: Four Parallel Resistors		23:16
		Example 10: Ammeter in a Parallel Circuit		26:27
		Combination Series-Parallel Circuits		28:50
			Look For Portions of the Circuit With Parallel Elements	28:56
			Work Back to Original Circuit	29:09
		Analysis of a Combination Circuit		29:20
		Internal Resistance		34:11
			In Reality, Voltage Sources Have Some Amount of 'Internal Resistance'	34:16
			Terminal Voltage of the Voltage Source is Reduced Slightly	34:25
		Example 11: Two Voltage Sources		35:16
		Example 12: Internal Resistance		42:46
		Example 13: Complex Circuit with Meters		45:22
		Example 14: Parallel Equivalent Resistance		48:24
	RC Circuits			24:47
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		Capacitors in Parallel		0:34
			Capacitors Store Charge on Their Plates	0:37
			Capacitors In Parallel Can Be Replaced with an Equivalent Capacitor	0:46
		Capacitors in Series		2:42
			Charge on Capacitors Must Be the Same	2:44
			Capacitor In Series Can Be Replaced With an Equivalent Capacitor	2:47
		RC Circuits		5:40
			Comprised of a Source of Potential Difference, a Resistor Network, and One or More Capacitors	5:42
			Uncharged Capacitors Act Like Wires	6:04
			Charged Capacitors Act Like Opens	6:12
		Charging an RC Circuit		6:23
		Discharging an RC Circuit		11:36
		Example 1: RC Analysis		14:50
		Example 2: More RC Analysis		18:26
		Example 3: Equivalent Capacitance		21:19
		Example 4: More Equivalent Capacitance		22:48
	Magnetic Fields & Properties			19:48
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:07
		Magnetism		0:32
			A Force Caused by Moving Charges	0:34
			Magnetic Domains Are Clusters of Atoms with Electrons Spinning in the Same Direction	0:51
		Example 1: Types of Fields		1:23
		Magnetic Field Lines		2:25
			Make Closed Loops and Run From North to South Outside the Magnet	2:26
			Magnetic Flux	2:42
			Show the Direction the North Pole of a Magnet Would Tend to Point If Placed in the Field	2:54
		Example 2: Lines of Magnetic Force		3:49
		Example 3: Forces Between Bar Magnets		4:39
		The Compass		5:28
			The Earth is a Giant Magnet	5:31
			The Earth's Magnetic North pole is Located Near the Geographic South Pole, and Vice Versa	5:33
			A Compass Lines Up with the Net Magnetic Field	6:07
		Example 3: Compass in Magnetic Field		6:41
		Example 4: Compass Near a Bar Magnet		7:14
		Magnetic Permeability		7:59
			The Ratio of the Magnetic Field Strength Induced in a Material to the Magnetic Field Strength of the Inducing Field	8:02
			Free Space	8:13
			Highly Magnetic Materials Have Higher Values of Magnetic Permeability	8:34
		Magnetic Dipole Moment		8:41
			The Force That a Magnet Can Exert on Moving Charges	8:46
			Relative Strength of a Magnet	8:54
		Forces on Moving Charges		9:10
			Moving Charges Create Magnetic Fields	9:11
			Magnetic Fields Exert Forces on Moving Charges	9:17
		Direction of the Magnetic Force		9:57
			Direction is Given by the Right-Hand Rule	10:05
			Right-Hand Rule	10:09
		Mass Spectrometer		10:52
			Magnetic Fields Accelerate Moving Charges So That They Travel in a Circle	10:58
			Used to Determine the Mass of an Unknown Particle	11:04
		Velocity Selector		12:44
			Mass Spectrometer with an Electric Field Added	12:47
		Example 5: Force on an Electron		14:13
		Example 6: Velocity of a Charged Particle		15:25
		Example 7: Direction of the Magnetic Force		16:52
		Example 8: Direction of Magnetic Force on Moving Charges		17:43
		Example 9: Electron Released From Rest in Magnetic Field		18:53
	Current-Carrying Wires			21:29
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Force on a Current-Carrying Wire		0:30
			A Current-Carrying Wire in a Magnetic Field May Experience a Magnetic Force	0:33
			Direction Given by the Right-Hand Rule	1:11
		Example 1: Force on a Current-Carrying Wire		1:38
		Example 2: Equilibrium on a Submerged Wire		2:33
		Example 3: Torque on a Loop of Wire		5:55
		Magnetic Field Due to a Current-Carrying Wire		8:49
			Moving Charges Create Magnetic Fields	8:53
			Wires Carry Moving Charges	8:56
			Direction Given by the Right-Hand Rule	9:21
		Example 4: Magnetic Field Due to a Wire		10:56
		Magnetic Field Due to a Solenoid		12:12
			Solenoid is a Coil of Wire	12:19
			Direction Given by the Right-Hand Rule	12:47
		Forces on 2 Parallel Wires		13:34
			Current Flowing in the Same Direction	14:52
			Current Flowing in Opposite Directions	14:57
		Example 5: Magnetic Field Due to Wires		15:19
		Example 6: Strength of an Electromagnet		18:35
		Example 7: Force on a Wire		19:30
		Example 8: Force Between Parallel Wires		20:47
	Intro to Electromagnetic Induction			17:26
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Induced EMF		0:42
			Charges Flowing Through a Wire Create Magnetic Fields	0:45
			Changing Magnetic Fields Cause Charges to Flow or 'Induce' a Current in a Process Known As Electromagnetic Induction	0:49
			Electro-Motive Force is the Potential Difference Created by a Changing Magnetic Field	0:57
			Magnetic Flux is the Amount of Magnetic Fields Passing Through an Area	1:17
		Finding the Magnetic Flux		1:36
			Magnetic Field Strength	1:39
			Angle Between the Magnetic Field Strength and the Normal to the Area	1:51
		Calculating Induced EMF		3:01
			The Magnitude of the Induced EMF is Equal to the Rate of Change of the Magnetic Flux	3:04
		Induced EMF in a Rectangular Loop of Wire		4:03
		Lenz's Law		5:17
		Electric Generators and Motors		9:28
			Generate an Induced EMF By Turning a Coil of Wire in a magnetic Field	9:31
			Generators Use Mechanical Energy to Turn the Coil of Wire	9:39
			Electric Motor Operates Using Same Principle	10:30
		Example 1: Finding Magnetic Flux		10:43
		Example 2: Finding Induced EMF		11:54
		Example 3: Changing Magnetic Field		13:52
		Example 4: Current Induced in a Rectangular Loop of Wire		15:23
Section 6: Waves & Optics
	Wave Characteristics			26:41
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Waves		0:32
		Pulse		1:00
			A Pulse is a Single Disturbance Which Carries Energy Through a Medium or Space	1:05
			A Wave is a Series of Pulses	1:18
			When a Pulse Reaches a Hard Boundary	1:37
			When a Pulse Reaches a Soft or Flexible Boundary	2:04
		Types of Waves		2:44
			Mechanical Waves	2:56
			Electromagnetic Waves	3:14
		Types of Wave Motion		3:38
			Longitudinal Waves	3:39
			Transverse Waves	4:18
		Anatomy of a Transverse Wave		5:18
		Example 1: Waves Requiring a Medium		6:59
		Example 2: Direction of Displacement		7:36
		Example 3: Bell in a Vacuum Jar		8:47
		Anatomy of a Longitudinal Wave		9:22
		Example 4: Tuning Fork		9:57
		Example 5: Amplitude of a Sound Wave		10:24
		Frequency and Period		10:47
		Example 6: Period of an EM Wave		11:23
		Example 7: Frequency and Period		12:01
		The Wave Equation		12:32
			Velocity of a Wave is a Function of the Type of Wave and the Medium It Travels Through	12:36
			Speed of a Wave is Related to Its Frequency and Wavelength	12:41
		Example 8: Wavelength Using the Wave Equation		13:54
		Example 9: Period of an EM Wave		14:35
		Example 10: Blue Whale Waves		16:03
		Sound Waves		17:29
			Sound is a Mechanical Wave Observed by Detecting Vibrations in the Inner Ear	17:33
			Particles of Sound Wave Vibrate Parallel With the Direction of the Wave's Velocity	17:56
		Example 11: Distance from Speakers		18:24
		Resonance		19:45
			An Object with the Same 'Natural Frequency' May Begin to Vibrate at This Frequency	19:55
			Classic Example	20:01
		Example 12: Vibrating Car		20:32
		Example 13: Sonar Signal		21:28
		Example 14: Waves Across Media		24:06
		Example 15: Wavelength of Middle C		25:24
	Wave Interference			20:45
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Superposition		0:30
			When More Than One Wave Travels Through the Same Location in the Same Medium	0:32
			The Total Displacement is the Sum of All the Individual Displacements of the Waves	0:46
		Example 1: Superposition of Pulses		1:01
		Types of Interference		2:02
			Constructive Interference	2:05
			Destructive Interference	2:18
		Example 2: Interference		2:47
		Example 3: Shallow Water Waves		3:27
		Standing Waves		4:23
			When Waves of the Same Frequency and Amplitude Traveling in Opposite Directions Meet in the Same Medium	4:26
			A Wave in Which Nodes Appear to be Standing Still and Antinodes Vibrate with Maximum Amplitude Above and Below the Axis	4:35
		Standing Waves in String Instruments		5:36
		Standing Waves in Open Tubes		8:49
		Standing Waves in Closed Tubes		9:57
		Interference From Multiple Sources		11:43
			Constructive	11:55
			Destructive	12:14
		Beats		12:49
			Two Sound Waves with Almost the Same Frequency Interfere to Create a Beat Pattern	12:52
			A Frequency Difference of 1 to 4 Hz is Best for Human Detection of Beat Phenomena	13:05
		Example 4		14:13
		Example 5		18:03
		Example 6		19:14
		Example 7: Superposition		20:08
	Wave Phenomena			19:02
		Intro		0:00
		Objective		0:08
		Doppler Effect		0:36
			The Shift In A Wave's Observed Frequency Due to Relative Motion Between the Source of the Wave and Observer	0:39
			When Source and/or Observer Move Toward Each Other	0:45
			When Source and/or Observer Move Away From Each Other	0:52
		Practical Doppler Effect		1:01
			Vehicle Traveling Past You	1:05
			Applications Are Numerous and Widespread	1:56
		Doppler Effect - Astronomy		2:43
			Observed Frequencies Are Slightly Lower Than Scientists Would Predict	2:50
			More Distant Celestial Objects Are Moving Away from the Earth Faster Than Nearer Objects	3:22
		Example 1: Car Horn		3:36
		Example 2: Moving Speaker		4:13
		Diffraction		5:35
			The Bending of Waves Around Obstacles	5:37
			Most Apparent When Wavelength Is Same Order of Magnitude as the Obstacle/ Opening	6:10
		Single-Slit Diffraction		6:16
		Double-Slit Diffraction		8:13
		Diffraction Grating		11:07
			Sharper and Brighter Maxima	11:46
			Useful for Determining Wavelengths Accurately	12:07
		Example 3: Double Slit Pattern		12:30
		Example 4: Determining Wavelength		16:05
		Example 5: Radar Gun		18:04
		Example 6: Red Shift		18:29
	Light As a Wave			11:35
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:14
		Electromagnetic (EM) Waves		0:31
			Light is an EM Wave	0:43
			EM Waves Are Transverse Due to the Modulation of the Electric and Magnetic Fields Perpendicular to the Wave Velocity	1:00
		Electromagnetic Wave Characteristics		1:37
			The Product of an EM Wave's Frequency and Wavelength Must be Constant in a Vacuum	1:43
		Polarization		3:36
			Unpoloarized EM Waves Exhibit Modulation in All Directions	3:47
			Polarized Light Consists of Light Vibrating in a Single Direction	4:07
		Polarizers		4:29
			Materials Which Act Like Filters to Only Allow Specific Polarizations of Light to Pass	4:33
			Polarizers Typically Are Sheets of Material in Which Long Molecules Are Lined Up Like a Picket Fence	5:10
		Polarizing Sunglasses		5:22
			Reduce Reflections	5:26
			Polarizing Sunglasses Have Vertical Polarizing Filters	5:48
		Liquid Crystal Displays		6:08
			LCDs Use Liquid Crystals in a Suspension That Align Themselves in a Specific Orientation When a Voltage is Applied	6:13
			Cross-Orienting a Polarizer and a Matrix of Liquid Crystals so Light Can Be Modulated Pixel-by-Pixel	6:26
		Example 1: Color of Light		7:30
		Example 2: Analyzing an EM Wave		8:49
		Example 3: Remote Control		9:45
		Example 4: Comparing EM Waves		10:32
	Reflection & Mirrors			24:32
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:10
		Waves at Boundaries		0:37
			Reflected	0:43
			Transmitted	0:45
			Absorbed	0:48
		Law of Reflection		0:58
			The Angle of Incidence is Equal to the Angle of Reflection	1:00
			They Are Both Measured From a Line Perpendicular, or Normal, to the Reflecting Surface	1:22
		Types of Reflection		1:54
			Diffuse Reflection	1:57
			Specular Reflection	2:08
		Example 1: Specular Reflection		2:24
		Mirrors		3:20
			Light Rays From the Object Reach the Plane Mirror and Are Reflected to the Observer	3:27
			Virtual Image	3:33
			Magnitude of Image Distance	4:05
		Plane Mirror Ray Tracing		4:15
			Object Distance	4:26
			Image Distance	4:43
			Magnification of Image	7:03
		Example 2: Plane Mirror Images		7:28
		Example 3: Image in a Plane Mirror		7:51
		Spherical Mirrors		8:10
			Inner Surface of a Spherical Mirror	8:19
			Outer Surface of a Spherical Mirror	8:30
			Focal Point of a Spherical Mirror	8:40
			Converging	8:51
			Diverging	9:00
		Concave (Converging) Spherical Mirrors		9:09
			Light Rays Coming Into a Mirror Parallel to the Principal Axis	9:14
			Light Rays Passing Through the Center of Curvature	10:17
			Light Rays From the Object Passing Directly Through the Focal Point	10:52
		Mirror Equation (Lens Equation)		12:06
			Object and Image Distances Are Positive on the Reflecting Side of the Mirror	12:13
			Formula	12:19
		Concave Mirror with Object Inside f		12:39
		Example 4: Concave Spherical Mirror		14:21
		Example 5: Image From a Concave Mirror		14:51
		Convex (Diverging) Spherical Mirrors		16:29
			Light Rays Coming Into a Mirror Parallel to the Principal Axis	16:37
			Light Rays Striking the Center of the Mirror	16:50
			Light Rays Never Converge on the Reflective Side of a Convex Mirror	16:54
		Convex Mirror Ray Tracing		17:07
		Example 6: Diverging Rays		19:12
		Example 7: Focal Length		19:28
		Example 8: Reflected Sonar Wave		19:53
		Example 9: Plane Mirror Image Distance		20:20
		Example 10: Image From a Concave Mirror		21:23
		Example 11: Converging Mirror Image Distance		23:09
	Refraction & Lenses			39:42
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Refraction		0:42
			When a Wave Reaches a Boundary Between Media, Part of the Wave is Reflected and Part of the Wave Enters the New Medium	0:43
			Wavelength Must Change If the Wave's Speed Changes	0:57
			Refraction is When This Causes The Wave to Bend as It Enters the New Medium	1:12
		Marching Band Analogy		1:22
		Index of Refraction		2:37
			Measure of How Much Light Slows Down in a Material	2:40
			Ratio of the Speed of an EM Wave in a Vacuum to the Speed of an EM Wave in Another Material is Known as Index of Refraction	3:03
		Indices of Refraction		3:21
		Dispersion		4:01
			White Light is Refracted Twice in Prism	4:23
			Index of Refraction of the Prism Material Varies Slightly with Respect to Frequency	4:41
		Example 1: Determining n		5:14
		Example 2: Light in Diamond and Crown Glass		5:55
		Snell's Law		6:24
			The Amount of a Light Wave Bends As It Enters a New Medium is Given by the Law of Refraction	6:32
			Light Bends Toward the Normal as it Enters a Material With a Higher n	7:08
			Light Bends Toward the Normal as it Enters a Material With a Lower n	7:14
		Example 3: Angle of Refraction		7:42
		Example 4: Changes with Refraction		9:31
		Total Internal Reflection		10:10
			When the Angle of Refraction Reaches 90 Degrees	10:23
			Critical Angle	10:34
			Total Internal Reflection	10:51
		Applications of TIR		12:13
		Example 5: Critical Angle of Water		13:17
		Thin Lenses		14:15
			Convex Lenses	14:22
			Concave Lenses	14:31
		Convex Lenses		15:24
			Rays Parallel to the Principal Axis are Refracted Through the Far Focal Point of the Lens	15:28
			A Ray Drawn From the Object Through the Center of the Lens Passes Through the Center of the Lens Unbent	15:53
		Example 6: Converging Lens Image		16:46
		Example 7: Image Distance of Convex Lens		17:18
		Concave Lenses		18:21
			Rays From the Object Parallel to the Principal Axis Are Refracted Away from the Principal Axis on a Line from the Near Focal Point Through the Point Where the Ray Intercepts the Center of the Lens	18:25
			Concave Lenses Produce Upright, Virtual, Reduced Images	20:30
		Example 8: Light Ray Thought a Lens		20:36
		Systems of Optical Elements		21:05
			Find the Image of the First Optical Elements and Utilize It as the Object of the Second Optical Element	21:16
		Example 9: Lens and Mirrors		21:35
		Thin Film Interference		27:22
			When Light is Incident Upon a Thin Film, Some Light is Reflected and Some is Transmitted Into the Film	27:25
			If the Transmitted Light is Again Reflected, It Travels Back Out of the Film and Can Interfere	27:31
			Phase Change for Every Reflection from Low-Index to High-Index	28:09
		Example 10: Thin Film Interference		28:41
		Example 11: Wavelength in Diamond		32:07
		Example 12: Light Incident on Crown Glass		33:57
		Example 13: Real Image from Convex Lens		34:44
		Example 14: Diverging Lens		35:45
		Example 15: Creating Enlarged, Real Images		36:22
		Example 16: Image from a Converging Lens		36:48
		Example 17: Converging Lens System		37:50
	Wave-Particle Duality			23:47
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:11
		Duality of Light		0:37
			Photons	0:47
			Dual Nature	0:53
			Wave Evidence	1:00
			Particle Evidence	1:10
		Blackbody Radiation & the UV Catastrophe		1:20
			Very Hot Objects Emitted Radiation in a Specific Spectrum of Frequencies and Intensities	1:25
			Color Objects Emitted More Intensity at Higher Wavelengths	1:45
		Quantization of Emitted Radiation		1:56
		Photoelectric Effect		2:38
			EM Radiation Striking a Piece of Metal May Emit Electrons	2:41
			Not All EM Radiation Created Photoelectrons	2:49
		Photons of Light		3:23
			Photon Has Zero Mass, Zero Charge	3:32
			Energy of a Photon is Quantized	3:36
			Energy of a Photon is Related to its Frequency	3:41
		Creation of Photoelectrons		4:17
			Electrons in Metals Were Held in 'Energy Walls'	4:20
			Work Function	4:32
			Cutoff Frequency	4:54
		Kinetic Energy of Photoelectrons		5:14
			Electron in a Metal Absorbs a Photon with Energy Greater Than the Metal's Work Function	5:16
			Electron is Emitted as a Photoelectron	5:24
			Any Absorbed Energy Beyond That Required to Free the Electron is the KE of the Photoelectron	5:28
		Photoelectric Effect in a Circuit		6:37
		Compton Effect		8:28
			Less of Energy and Momentum	8:49
			Lost by X-Ray Equals Energy and Gained by Photoelectron	8:52
			Compton Wavelength	9:09
			Major Conclusions	9:36
		De Broglie Wavelength		10:44
			Smaller the Particle, the More Apparent the Wave Properties	11:03
			Wavelength of a Moving Particle is Known as Its de Broglie Wavelength	11:07
		Davisson-Germer Experiment		11:29
			Verifies Wave Nature of Moving Particles	11:30
			Shoot Electrons at Double Slit	11:34
		Example 1		11:46
		Example 2		13:07
		Example 3		13:48
		Example 4A		15:33
		Example 4B		18:47
		Example 5: Wave Nature of Light		19:54
		Example 6: Moving Electrons		20:43
		Example 7: Wavelength of an Electron		21:11
		Example 8: Wrecking Ball		22:50
Section 7: Modern Physics
	Atomic Energy Levels			14:21
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:09
		Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment		0:35
			Most of the Particles Go Through Undeflected	1:12
			Some Alpha Particles Are Deflected Large Amounts	1:15
			Atoms Have a Small, Massive, Positive Nucleus	1:20
			Electrons Orbit the Nucleus	1:23
			Most of the Atom is Empty Space	1:26
		Problems with Rutherford's Model		1:31
			Charges Moving in a Circle Accelerate, Therefore Classical Physics Predicts They Should Release Photons	1:39
			Lose Energy When They Release Photons	1:46
			Orbits Should Decay and They Should Be Unstable	1:50
		Bohr Model of the Atom		2:09
			Electrons Don't Lose Energy as They Accelerate	2:20
			Each Atom Allows Only a Limited Number of Specific Orbits at Each Energy Level	2:35
			Electrons Must Absorb or Emit a Photon of Energy to Change Energy Levels	2:40
		Energy Level Diagrams		3:29
			n=1 is the Lowest Energy State	3:34
			Negative Energy Levels Indicate Electron is Bound to Nucleus of the Atom	4:03
			When Electron Reaches 0 eV It Is No Longer Bound	4:20
		Electron Cloud Model (Probability Model)		4:46
			Electron Only Has A Probability of Being Located in Certain Regions Surrounding the Nucleus	4:53
			Electron Orbitals Are Probability Regions	4:58
		Atomic Spectra		5:16
			Atoms Can Only Emit Certain Frequencies of Photons	5:19
			Electrons Can Only Absorb Photons With Energy Equal to the Difference in Energy Levels	5:34
			This Leads to Unique Atomic Spectra of Emitted and Absorbed Radiation for Each Element	5:37
			Incandescence Emits a Continuous Energy	5:43
			If All Colors of Light Are Incident Upon a Cold Gas, The Gas Only Absorbs Frequencies Corresponding to Photon Energies Equal to the Difference Between the Gas's Atomic Energy Levels	6:16
			Continuous Spectrum	6:42
			Absorption Spectrum	6:50
			Emission Spectrum	7:08
		X-Rays		7:36
			The Photoelectric Effect in Reverse	7:38
			Electrons Are Accelerated Through a Large Potential Difference and Collide with a Molybdenum or Platinum Plate	7:53
		Example 1: Electron in Hydrogen Atom		8:24
		Example 2: EM Emission in Hydrogen		10:05
		Example 3: Photon Frequencies		11:30
		Example 4: Bright-Line Spectrum		12:24
		Example 5: Gas Analysis		13:08
	Nuclear Physics			15:47
		Intro		0:00
		Objectives		0:08
		The Nucleus		0:33
			Protons Have a Charge or +1 e	0:39
			Neutrons Are Neutral (0 Charge)	0:42
			Held Together by the Strong Nuclear Force	0:43
		Example 1: Deconstructing an Atom		1:20
		Mass-Energy Equivalence		2:06
			Mass is a Measure of How Much Energy an Object Contains	2:16
			Universal Conservation of Laws	2:31
		Nuclear Binding Energy		2:53
			A Strong Nuclear Force Holds Nucleons Together	3:04
			Mass of the Individual Constituents is Greater Than the Mass of the Combined Nucleus	3:19
			Binding Energy of the Nucleus	3:32
			Mass Defect	3:37
		Nuclear Decay		4:30
			Alpha Decay	4:42
			Beta Decay	5:09
			Gamma Decay	5:46
		Fission		6:40
			The Splitting of a Nucleus Into Two or More Nuclei	6:42
			For Larger Nuclei, the Mass of Original Nucleus is Greater Than the Sum of the Mass of the Products When Split	6:47
		Fusion		8:14
			The Process of Combining Two Or More Smaller Nuclei Into a Larger Nucleus	8:15
			This Fuels Our Sun and Stars	8:28
			Basis of Hydrogen Bomb	8:31
		Forces in the Universe		9:00
			Strong Nuclear Force	9:06
			Electromagnetic Force	9:13
			Weak Nuclear Force	9:22
			Gravitational Force	9:27
		Example 2: Deuterium Nucleus		9:39
		Example 3: Particle Accelerator		10:24
		Example 4: Tritium Formation		12:03
		Example 5: Beta Decay		13:02
		Example 6: Gamma Decay		14:15
		Example 7: Annihilation		14:39
Section 8: Sample AP Exams
	AP Practice Exam: Multiple Choice, Part 1			38:01
		Intro		0:00
		Problem 1		1:33
		Problem 2		1:57
		Problem 3		2:50
		Problem 4		3:46
		Problem 5		4:13
		Problem 6		4:41
		Problem 7		6:12
		Problem 8		6:49
		Problem 9		7:49
		Problem 10		9:31
		Problem 11		10:08
		Problem 12		11:03
		Problem 13		11:30
		Problem 14		12:28
		Problem 15		14:04
		Problem 16		15:05
		Problem 17		15:55
		Problem 18		17:06
		Problem 19		18:43
		Problem 20		19:58
		Problem 21		22:03
		Problem 22		22:49
		Problem 23		23:28
		Problem 24		24:04
		Problem 25		25:07
		Problem 26		26:46
		Problem 27		28:03
		Problem 28		28:49
		Problem 29		30:20
		Problem 30		31:10
		Problem 31		32:63
		Problem 32		33:46
		Problem 33		34:47
		Problem 34		36:07
		Problem 35		36:44
	AP Practice Exam: Multiple Choice, Part 2			37:49
		Intro		0:00
		Problem 36		0:18
		Problem 37		0:42
		Problem 38		2:13
		Problem 39		4:10
		Problem 40		4:47
		Problem 41		5:52
		Problem 42		7:22
		Problem 43		8:16
		Problem 44		9:11
		Problem 45		9:42
		Problem 46		10:56
		Problem 47		12:03
		Problem 48		13:58
		Problem 49		14:49
		Problem 50		15:36
		Problem 51		15:51
		Problem 52		17:18
		Problem 53		17:59
		Problem 54		19:10
		Problem 55		21:27
		Problem 56		22:40
		Problem 57		23:19
		Problem 58		23:50
		Problem 59		25:35
		Problem 60		26:45
		Problem 61		27:57
		Problem 62		28:32
		Problem 63		29:52
		Problem 64		30:27
		Problem 65		31:27
		Problem 66		32:22
		Problem 67		33:18
		Problem 68		35:21
		Problem 69		36:27
		Problem 70		36:46
	AP Practice Exam: Free Response, Part 1			16:53
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:23
		Question 2		8:55
	AP Practice Exam: Free Response, Part 2			9:20
		Intro		0:00
		Question 3		0:14
		Question 4		4:34
	AP Practice Exam: Free Response, Part 3			18:12
		Intro		0:00
		Question 5		0:15
		Question 6		3:29
		Question 7		6:18
		Question 8		12:53
Section 9: Additional Examples
	Metric Estimation			3:53
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:38
		Question 2		0:51
		Question 3		1:09
		Question 4		1:24
		Question 5		1:49
		Question 6		2:11
		Question 7		2:27
		Question 8		2:49
		Question 9		3:03
		Question 10		3:23
	Defining Motion			7:06
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 2		0:50
		Question 3		1:56
		Question 4		2:24
		Question 5		3:32
		Question 6		4:01
		Question 7		5:36
		Question 8		6:36
	Motion Graphs			6:48
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 2		2:01
		Question 3		3:06
		Question 4		3:41
		Question 5		4:30
		Question 6		5:52
	Horizontal Kinematics			8:16
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:19
		Question 2		2:19
		Question 3		3:16
		Question 4		4:36
		Question 5		6:43
	Free Fall			7:56
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1-4		0:12
		Question 5		2:36
		Question 6		3:11
		Question 7		4:44
		Question 8		6:16
	Projectile Motion			4:17
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 2		0:45
		Question 3		1:25
		Question 4		2:00
		Question 5		2:32
		Question 6		3:38
	Newton's 1st Law			4:34
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:15
		Question 2		1:02
		Question 3		1:50
		Question 4		2:04
		Question 5		2:26
		Question 6		2:54
		Question 7		3:11
		Question 8		3:29
		Question 9		3:47
		Question 10		4:02
	Newton's 2nd Law			5:40
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:16
		Question 2		0:55
		Question 3		1:50
		Question 4		2:40
		Question 5		3:33
		Question 6		3:56
		Question 7		4:29
	Newton's 3rd Law			3:44
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:17
		Question 2		0:44
		Question 3		1:14
		Question 4		1:51
		Question 5		2:11
		Question 6		2:29
		Question 7		2:53
	Friction			6:37
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 2		0:47
		Question 3		1:25
		Question 4		2:26
		Question 5		3:43
		Question 6		4:41
		Question 7		5:13
		Question 8		5:50
	Ramps and Inclines			6:13
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:18
		Question 2		1:01
		Question 3		2:50
		Question 4		3:11
		Question 5		5:08
	Circular Motion			5:17
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:21
		Question 2		1:01
		Question 3		1:50
		Question 4		2:33
		Question 5		3:10
		Question 6		3:31
		Question 7		3:56
		Question 8		4:33
	Gravity			6:33
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:19
		Question 2		1:05
		Question 3		2:09
		Question 4		2:53
		Question 5		3:17
		Question 6		4:00
		Question 7		4:41
		Question 8		5:20
	Momentum & Impulse			9:29
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:19
		Question 2		2:17
		Question 3		3:25
		Question 4		3:56
		Question 5		4:28
		Question 6		5:04
		Question 7		6:18
		Question 8		6:57
		Question 9		7:47
	Conservation of Momentum			9:33
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:15
		Question 2		2:08
		Question 3		4:03
		Question 4		4:10
		Question 5		6:08
		Question 6		6:55
		Question 7		8:26
	Work & Power			6:02
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 2		0:29
		Question 3		0:55
		Question 4		1:36
		Question 5		2:18
		Question 6		3:22
		Question 7		4:01
		Question 8		4:18
		Question 9		4:49
	Springs			7:59
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 4		2:26
		Question 5		3:37
		Question 6		4:39
		Question 7		5:28
		Question 8		5:51
	Energy & Energy Conservation			8:47
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:18
		Question 2		1:27
		Question 3		1:44
		Question 4		2:33
		Question 5		2:44
		Question 6		3:33
		Question 7		4:41
		Question 8		5:19
		Question 9		5:37
		Question 10		7:12
		Question 11		7:40
	Electric Charge			7:06
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:10
		Question 2		1:03
		Question 3		1:32
		Question 4		2:12
		Question 5		3:01
		Question 6		3:49
		Question 7		4:24
		Question 8		4:50
		Question 9		5:32
		Question 10		5:55
		Question 11		6:26
	Coulomb's Law			4:13
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:14
		Question 2		0:47
		Question 3		1:25
		Question 4		2:25
		Question 5		3:01
	Electric Fields & Forces			4:11
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:19
		Question 2		0:51
		Question 3		1:30
		Question 4		2:19
		Question 5		3:12
	Electric Potential			5:12
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:14
		Question 2		0:42
		Question 3		1:08
		Question 4		1:43
		Question 5		2:22
		Question 6		2:49
		Question 7		3:14
		Question 8		4:02
	Electrical Current			6:54
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 2		0:42
		Question 3		2:01
		Question 4		3:02
		Question 5		3:52
		Question 6		4:15
		Question 7		4:37
		Question 8		4:59
		Question 9		5:50
	Resistance			5:15
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:12
		Question 2		0:53
		Question 3		1:44
		Question 4		2:31
		Question 5		3:21
		Question 6		4:06
	Ohm's Law			4:27
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:12
		Question 2		0:33
		Question 3		0:59
		Question 4		1:32
		Question 5		1:56
		Question 6		2:50
		Question 7		3:19
		Question 8		3:50
	Circuit Analysis			6:36
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:12
		Question 2		2:16
		Question 3		2:33
		Question 4		2:42
		Question 5		3:18
		Question 6		5:51
		Question 7		6:00
	Magnetism			3:43
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:16
		Question 2		0:31
		Question 3		0:56
		Question 4		1:19
		Question 5		1:35
		Question 6		2:36
		Question 7		3:03
	Wave Basics			4:21
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 2		0:36
		Question 3		0:47
		Question 4		1:13
		Question 5		1:27
		Question 6		1:39
		Question 7		1:54
		Question 8		2:22
		Question 9		2:51
		Question 10		3:32
	Wave Characteristics			5:33
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:23
		Question 2		1:04
		Question 3		2:01
		Question 4		2:50
		Question 5		3:12
		Question 6		3:57
		Question 7		4:16
		Question 8		4:42
		Question 9		4:56
	Wave Behaviors			3:52
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:13
		Question 2		0:40
		Question 3		1:04
		Question 4		1:17
		Question 5		1:39
		Question 6		2:07
		Question 7		2:41
		Question 8		3:09
	Reflection			3:48
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:12
		Question 2		0:50
		Question 3		1:29
		Question 4		1:46
		Question 5		3:08
	Refraction			2:49
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:29
		Question 5		1:03
		Question 6		1:24
		Question 7		2:01
	Diffraction			2:34
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:16
		Question 2		0:31
		Question 3		0:50
		Question 4		1:05
		Question 5		1:37
		Question 6		2:04
	Electromagnetic Spectrum			7:06
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:24
		Question 2		0:39
		Question 3		1:05
		Question 4		1:51
		Question 5		2:03
		Question 6		2:58
		Question 7		3:14
		Question 8		3:52
		Question 9		4:30
		Question 10		5:04
		Question 11		6:01
		Question 12		6:16
	Wave-Particle Duality			5:30
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:15
		Question 2		0:34
		Question 3		0:53
		Question 4		1:54
		Question 5		2:16
		Question 6		2:27
		Question 7		2:42
		Question 8		2:59
		Question 9		3:45
		Question 10		4:13
		Question 11		4:33
	Energy Levels			8:13
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:25
		Question 2		1:18
		Question 3		1:43
		Question 4		2:08
		Question 5		3:17
		Question 6		3:54
		Question 7		4:40
		Question 8		5:15
		Question 9		5:54
		Question 10		6:41
		Question 11		7:14
	Mass-Energy Equivalence			8:15
		Intro		0:00
		Question 1		0:19
		Question 2		1:02
		Question 3		1:37
		Question 4		2:17
		Question 5		2:55
		Question 6		3:32
		Question 7		4:13
		Question 8		5:04
		Question 9		5:29
		Question 10		5:58
		Question 11		6:48
		Question 12		7:39

AP Physics 1 & 2 Exam Online Course with Prof. Dan Fullerton, M.S.

Duration: 24 hours, 35 minutes

Number of Lessons: 92

This course will prepare you for test day with AP level examples with each lesson, a full AP test walkthrough, and even more examples from state physics tests. Although directed at high school students taking the AP Physics 1 & 2 course/exam, this course also covers everything a college student would see in an introductory physics course.

Additional Features:

Free Sample Lessons
Closed Captioning (CC)
Downloadable Lecture Slides
Study Guides
Instructor Comments

Topics Include:

Vectors & Scalars
Kinematic Equations
Rotational Dynamics
Bernoulli’s Principle
Ideal Gases
Electric Fields & Forces
Circuit Analysis
Magnetic Fields
Waves & Optics
Nuclear Physics
Sample AP Test

Professor Dan Fullerton obtained his B.S. and M.S. in Microelectronic Engineering from the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) and his secondary physics teaching certification from Drexel University. He taught undergraduate and graduate Microelectronic Engineering courses at RIT for 10 years, and High School Physics since 2007. He was recently named a New York State Master Physics Teacher, and is the author of AP Physics 1 Essentials, Honors Physics Essentials, and Physics: Fundamentals and Problem Solving.

Student Testimonials:

“Thanks SO SO much for the new video series! I was getting really worried that I wouldn't be ready for the Physics B exam and this is exactly what I needed and it was uploaded just when I needed it! Excellent organization and explanations!” — Steve T.

“Hey Dan, just wanted to thank you, you are saving me in my current class, everything is so simple and straightforward, my current teacher makes this way harder…” — Jawad H.

“Hi Mr. Fullerton, Thank you for your outstanding Physics Lectures.” — Jude N.

“What have your lectures done for me? After watching your lectures I now don't feel the need to memorize a plethora of equations, I actually have a strong understanding of the concepts and my formula recall is almost perfect. What helped from your lectures the most was how you began with simple equation applications and then provided graphical interpretations.“ — Jay G.

“Your lectures are AWESOME!!! Very organized and you hit all the main concepts. Thank you!!!“ — Nikki C.

Visit Prof. Fullerton’s page

Student Feedback

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By Sahitya Senapathy•October 13, 2017

Oh, I forgot that h is actually delta h, thanks so much!

By Nicole Mcenerney•January 29, 2017

Thank you!!

By Yukako Atsumi•August 13, 2016

okay, thank you so much!

By Elman Ahmed•July 7, 2016

It's amazing how you organized and kept all the information so nicely. I Never saw anyone doing projectile motions in such an organized way and same thing goes to collision problem. I really liked how you approached Collision and projectile motion problems. Very ORGANIZED indeed!

By Elman Ahmed•July 7, 2016

Thanks for the sample no. 9 and 10. I got something very similar regarding pulley in the final exam. It was a great review! Glad that i listened to it!

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Table of Contents

Section 1: Introduction

Section 2: Mechanics

Section 3: Fluids

Section 4: Thermal Physics

Section 5: Electricity & Magnetism

Section 6: Waves & Optics

Section 7: Modern Physics

Section 8: Sample AP Exams