Handling Strings, Introduction to C++

Handling Strings

I. Introduction to C++: Lecture 14 | 33:01 min

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Handling Strings

We’re going to take a closer look at handling character strings.
There are two kinds of character strings to deal with, the C++ String Object and the Classic C character array.
C++ String is an object, as in object oriented programming. It tends to be easier to use in everyday programming.
Classic C String is a null-terminated array of characters, much like any other array.
C++ String object overloads operators to allow it to be used in expressions similar to other data types.
It also includes member functions used for other processes, such as searching a string for a sub-string, getting string length, etc.
We cover some cautions when using Classic C Strings, including cautions using string functions from the standard library.
Classic C Strings are till required in certain functions.
Here are links to more information about string handling:
C++ string object library: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/string/string/
C string standard library: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/cstring/

Handling Strings

Lecture Slides are screen-captured images of important points in the lecture. Students can download and print out these lecture slide images to do practice problems as well as take notes while watching the lecture.

I. Introduction to C++
	Introduction	26:51
	Getting Started	44:24
	Data Storage	10:08
	Operators & Expression	32:24
	Branching	26:15
	Looping	28:19
	Functions, Part 1	14:44
	Functions, Part 2	16:56
	Arrays & Pointers	40:44
	Structures	24:37
	Input/ Output (IO)	43:36
	Review Using Real Code	48:26
	C++ Standard Library	27:53
	Handling Strings	33:01
	Object Oriented Programming	22:45
	Source Files & OO Samples	35:58

Computer Science: Introduction to C++


Introduction			26:51
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:11
	What You'll Learn		0:51
		Evaluate & Write Some Real C++ Code	3:22
		Learn Some 'Best Practices'	3:43
	C++ in the Wild		4:01
	Examples		7:11
		Declare an Integer	7:20
		Call Functions	7:41
	Examples		10:20
		Factorial	10:36
		Loop	12:20
	Examples		13:20
		If Greater Than 0	14:06
		If Each 0 Equal 1	14:23
	Modular Example - Function		14:34
	Trig - Examples		16:44
	A Brief History		19:02
		Combines Features From Simula 67 and C	19:20
		1998 - First International Standard Known as C++98	20:14
		2011- New C++11	20:24
	C=++ Advantages		20:36
		Combines Functional Programming with Object-Oriented Programming	21:29
		Compiled Code Works Closely with the Hardware	22:18
		Language Elements	22:51
	C++ Disadvantages		23:09
		Little Run-Time Checking	23:39
		Library of Tools are Not as Extensive as Other Languages	24:40
	Ready to Get Started!		26:35
Getting Started			44:24
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:15
	Acquiring a C++ Compiler - Windows		1:06
	Setting up MinGW		2:44
	Acquiring a C++ Compiler - Others		3:24
		Redhat (Fedora) Linux	3:40
		Ubuntu (Debian) Linux	4:19
		Apple Macintosh	4:43
	Acquiring a C++ Compiler - IDE		5:05
		Eclipse CDT	5:12
		Eclipse Older Version	6:30
	Acquiring an Editor		6:46
	Acquiring an Editor		8:36
		Linux	8:40
		Macintosh	8:51
	'Hello World' Everybody's First Program		9:35
		Source Code	13:31
	Basic Program Structure		17:50
		Example	20:14
	Basic Program Structure		21:02
		Main Function Definition	21:29
	Compiling, Linking, Running		22:14
		Examples: Compile	22:47
		Link	24:55
	Build Tools		26:11
		Build a 'Makefile'	26:26
		Integrated Development Environment (IDE)	27:25
	Quick Note on Variable Declaration		28:03
		Example: Integers	28:26
		Example: Floating Point Numbers	29:05
	Your Second Program - User Input Basic 'How Old Are You?'		30:49
	Workspace / Source Code		32:21
		New Workspace	33:29
	Quick Note on Character Arrays		34:44
		Example	35:34
	Your Third Program - User Text Input 'What’s Your Name?'		37:13
		Example	37:46
		Workspace	39:50
	Do Your Homework!		42:56
Data Storage			10:08
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:12
	Variables, Identifiers, Names		1:34
		Identifiers Defined	1:51
		Example of Valid Identifiers	2:16
	Styles: Multi-Word Identifiers		3:59
		Compiler Doesn't Care	4:51
	Styles: Identify Identifiers		5:38
	Simple Data Types		8:08
	Variable Type Declaration		10:35
		Commentary	11:42
		More Than One Variable Declared	13:22
	Compiler Allocates Storage		14:23
		Example	15:30
	Variable Initialization		16:47
		C Style	17:39
		Example	18:23
		C++ 'Class' Style	18:35
	Numeric Literals		19:41
		'Long' Types	21:15
		Beware: Do Not Use	23:40
	Character Literals		24:27
		Examples	24:49
	Quoted Special Characters		27:43
	String Literals		29:55
		String Object	32:28
	Homework		33:20
Operators & Expression			32:24
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:11
	Parameters for Operators		0:47
	Left Side vs. Right Side		1:56
		Example	3:12
	Operators - Assignment		3:40
	Assignment - Don't Confuse Readers		5:17
	Operators - Arithmetic		7:53
	Operators - Compound Assignment		9:38
	Operators: Increment / Decrement		10:24
		Examples	10:50
		Pre- vs. Post-Operator	11:20
	Operators - Comparators		12:19
	Operators - Logical		13:38
		Examples	14:35
	Operators - Boolean Truth Tables		15:45
		Examples	16:55
	Operators - Input and Output		18:42
		I/O Stream	18:56
	Operators - Type Casting, Sizeof		20:42
		'Sizeof'	21:46
	Type-Casting Cautions		22:27
		Classic Example	22:38
	Type Promotion		25:46
	Operator Precedence		26:58
		Firth Things: Unary Operators	27:27
	Expressions		28:32
		Examples	28:58
	Cautions		30:17
		Classic Example	30:31
	Hey! Wrong Kind of Operator!		32:13
Branching			26:15
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:03
	Code Blocks, Scope		1:32
		'Scope' of the Block of Code	2:27
	Scope Example		2:56
	'If' Statement		5:20
	'Else' Clause		6:43
		Example	7:01
	Nested 'If'		7:52
		Example	8:08
	More Nested 'If'		8:41
	'If' Without Blocks		9:53
	'Chained If'		10:35
		Example	10:51
	'If' Statement's Expression		11:36
	'If' Statement Stylistic Notes		12:55
	'Else' Clause Stylistic Notes		14:24
	'Switch' Multiple Choice		15:15
	'Switch' Like 'Chained-If'		16:35
	'Switch Tricks'		17:56
		Leave Break Out	18:10
	'Conditional' Statement Cautions		19:54
	'Conditional' Statement Example		21:56
		Another Example	23:05
	'Goto' and 'Label'		23:40
	Do's and Don'ts		1:54
Looping			28:19
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:08
	Important Kind of Branch		1:17
	Branch That Loops		1:43
	In The Beginning		3:51
	'While' Loop - Pre-Test		4:45
	'Do-While' Loop - Post-Test		6:47
	'Do-While' Run It Again		7:31
	'For' Loop-Counting Loops		9:38
	'For' Loop-Most Typical Use		11:46
		Useful Feature	12:47
	'For' Loop - Similar to 'While'		13:47
		Example	13:57
		Equivalent 'While' Loop	14:34
	'Break' Out of Loop		15:50
	'Break' Examples		17:07
	'Continue' Back to Beginning		18:49
		'For' Loop	19:04
	'Continue' Caution		20:05
		Infinite Loop	20:58
	Loop Inside of Loops		21:44
	Typical Bug		22:50
	More Looped Loops		24:08
	What a Loop!		27:46
Functions, Part 1			14:44
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:09
	Value of Functions		0:46
	Example Without Function		2:04
	Example With Function		3:30
	Function Prototype		4:11
		Return Type	4:33
		Name	4:40
		Parameters	4:52
		Nomenclature	5:27
	Prototype Example		5:45
	Function Definition		6:28
	Definition Example		8:11
	Function Parameter Types		8:52
		Definition	9:47
	Using the Function		11:09
	Functions Return Single Value		13:15
	Break Problem into Pieces		14:12
Functions, Part 2			16:56
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:09
	Parameters by Value		0:47
		Example	1:26
	Parameters by Reference		2:55
		Example	3:53
	Parameters by Reference Example		4:20
	Default Parameters		6:36
		Acceptable Example	7:13
		Unacceptable Example	7:27
	Default Parameters Example		7:42
	Return Value		8:41
		Special Type: Void	10:31
	Overloading		11:07
		Name Accordingly & Carefully	11:17
		Example	11:59
	Overloading Example		12:31
	Modularization		13:41
		Smaller Modules	14:14
		Isolated Modules	15:17
	Cut Into More Pieces		16:31
Arrays & Pointers			40:44
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:10
	Use a 'Chunk' of Memory		3:22
	Declaring an Array		6:27
		Example	6:55
	Select an Element From Array		8:44
		Example	10:15
	Multi-Dimensional Array		12:15
		Examples	13:09
	Compile-Time Initialization		14:18
		Example	15:04
	Multi-Initialization		16:27
	Character String Initialization		18:27
		Examples	18:43
	Pointers		20:11
		Example	21:02
		Pointer Declaration	22:20
		Reference Operator	22:52
	Referencing and Dereferencing		24:30
		Example	24:49
	Pointer Arithmetic		27:10
	Function Call-By Reference		31:06
	Function Array/ Pointer Example		32:21
	Null Terminated Character Arrays		34:22
		Example	35:13
	'New' and 'Delete'		36:31
		Example	37:44
	Array of Pointers		40:19
Structures			24:37
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:10
	Keep Data Organized		1:25
		Multiple Arrays	2:01
	Structure Declaration		3:19
		Example	4:00
	Structure Declaration		4:24
		Example	4:53
	Structure Usage		6:03
		Example Structure	6:09
	Accessing Members		8:27
	Structure Member Structures		9:38
		Example	9:50
	Initializing Member Structures		11:35
		Example	11:44
		Access Data Within Data	12:46
	Arrays of Structures		13:11
	Multi-Dimensional? Of Course!		15:18
	Pointers to Structures		17:55
	Pointed-to Structure Members		21:22
	Structure Pointer Operator		22:41
		Example	22:53
	Structure for Pointers		24:16
Input/ Output (IO)			43:36
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:15
	Character Input Streams		3:02
		'Getline' Method	5:12
	Input Stream Object Methods		7:47
	Input Examples		11:56
	Character Output Streams		15:19
		'Cout' = Standard Output	15:34
		'Cerr' = Error Output	16:32
		Insertion Operator	17:45
		Format	18:12
	Output Stream Object Methods		18:23
	Output Examples		21:23
	Formatting: I/O Manipulators		23:38
		Set the Width	24:04
	More I/O Manipulators		28:20
		Scientific	28:44
		Set Precision	29:15
		Examples	31:04
	File Input/Output		32:13
	Output Streams		33:52
		Insertion Operator	35:15
		Example	35:22
	Input Streams		36:50
		Example	37:35
	Error Messages		38:18
		'errno'	39:10
		Example	39:49
	File Example		41:06
	Got Files?		42:58
Review Using Real Code			48:26
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:19
	Checkbook Program		1:15
		Source Code	1:26
		3 Structures	1:47
	Checkbook Program		6:36
		Create Functions	7:15
		Source Code: Constant Set up / Version	7:45
		Delimiter	9:25
		Load Transactions	13:00
		Dump Transactions	13:17
		Utility Functions	14:56
	Structures		16:14
		Bank Structure	16:35
		Transactions	16:44
	Global Constants		17:00
		Source Code: Global Variables	18:29
	Function Prototypes		18:52
		Source Code	19:36
		Find the Bug in the Code	22:04
	Function Prototypes		24:32
	'Main', the Director		25:16
		Source Code	25:44
		Read Initial Data	26:13
		Source Code	26:45
	Function to Create 'Init' File		30:34
	Transactions File Functions		35:12
	User Action Functions		36:58
		First User Action	37:10
		Source Code	38:32
	Utility Functions		44:34
		'Stringstream'	45:23
	Write Your Own Cheque		47:26
C++ Standard Library			27:53
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:22
	System Time		1:42
		Example	2:48
	Back to the Future!		3:31
	Human-Readable Time		5:27
		Example	5:47
		Static Memory	6:36
	Local and GMT Time		7:45
		localtime	8:28
		gmtime	8:42
		Example	8:50
	Time Structure		9:23
	Formatting Time		10:16
		Example	11:02
	Math Library		11:58
	Other Math Functions		13:11
	Functions from cstdlib (Standard Library)		13:47
	More from cstdlib		15:31
	Functions from ctype		19:29
	More From ctype		21:27
		Example	21:55
	Functions from cstrings		23:00
	More from cstrings		25:16
		Additional Length Limited Versions	25:46
	See the Library!		27:30
Handling Strings			33:01
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:09
	Two Kinds of Strings		2:21
		Object String from C++	2:25
		Classic Strings from C	3:30
	C++ String Object		4:24
		Useful Member Functions	4:34
	String Object Examples		7:35
		Initialization	7:39
		Operations	7:49
	String Object Member Functions		10:27
		Member Function	10:40
		Example	11:02
	More Member Functions		13:34
	Arrays of String Objects		16:18
		Examples	16:34
	Classic C Character String Array		19:00
		Defined As	19:24
		Useful Functions for C-String Operations	20:20
	Array of Classic C String		22:00
		Examples	22:10
	Some Reasons Against Classic		24:36
		Examples	24:59
		Need to Use String Functions	25:33
	Cautions with Classic C Strings		26:11
		Examples	26:23
		Especially with Copying and Concatenation	27:16
	But You Can't be Rid of It		29:35
		Examples	30:00
	Don't Tangle Your Strings!		32:30
Object Oriented Programming			22:45
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:15
	Concepts		1:53
		Object Oriented Programming (OOP)	2:42
	Some Terminology		3:34
		Object Defined	3:39
		Class Defined	4:07
		Instance Defined	4:20
		Example	4:35
	Abstraction		5:21
		Emphasis on Essential	5:36
		Emphasis on Characteristics	6:17
	Encapsulation		7:29
		Private Data	8:16
		Public Methods	8:40
		Protected Data	9:14
	Inheritance		10:08
		Example	10:39
	Polymorphism		11:39
		Example: Operator Overloading	12:24
	'Is-a' vs. 'Has-a'		14:00
	Multiple Inheritance		15:07
		Example	15:28
		Diamond Problem	17:59
	Constructors / Destructors		18:27
	My Kind of Inheritance		22:25
Source Files & OO Samples			35:58
	Intro		0:00
	Overview		0:19
	Source File Separation		2:31
	Compilation Units		4:24
		Example	4:34
	Header File (Interface)		7:23
	Include Header File		9:25
		Example	10:12
	Protect from Multi-Include		11:42
		Example	12:33
	Source File (Implementation)		14:05
		Algorithms	14:23
	Commands		15:49
	Class Syntax		17:25
		Private Member	18:00
		Protected Member	18:23
		Public Member	18:52
	Class Prototype for Header		21:13
	Class Implementation		23:21
		Controlled Access	24:49
	Inheritance		25:44
		Implementation	27:44
	Virtual Method		29:04
		Pointer	31:37
	Virtual Example		32:02
		Base Class	32:12
		Derived Classes	32:25
	Polymorphic Example		33:14
	Finished		35:23

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Handling Strings

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Handling Strings

Handling Strings

Computer Science: Introduction to C++

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