
For more information, please see full course syllabus of Organic Chemistry Lab
Organic Chemistry Lab Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, Part I
Some atomic nuclei have a magnetic moment – a randomly-distributed spin that can be either +1/2 or -1/2. In Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, a sample (usually containing hydrogen or the carbon-13 isotope) is exposed to a superconducting magnet. Most of the spins will align with the magnet, because that is the lowest energy state. When exposed to radiofrequency energy, which can be absorbed by the nuclei to flip the nuclear spin so it is opposed to the magnetic field. Each absorbed energy corresponds to a different nucleus, indicating which ones are present in the sample. The structure and splitting of the peaks indicates neighboring groups and their environment. Molecular symmetry plays a big role in predicting and interpreting NMR spectra, as does the n+1 rule. The height of each peak (corrected) can indicate how many of each type of nucleus is present, so integral trails are often included. Chemical shift (delta) corresponds to whether a given nucleus is electron-rich or electron-poor.
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1 answer
Sun Feb 12, 2017 10:08 PM
Post by Ay Ayy on February 7, 2017
I have this question
1. (a) Determine the digital resolution of a 12 ppm proton spectrum collected on a 300 MHz NMR instrument. Number of data points collected for this spectrum was 1K (1024 bytes). [Hint: On a 300MHz instrument, 1PPM=300Hz]
(b). What would be the resolution of the above spectrum if 2000 data points were collected?
C. If we increase the spectral width from 12 to 20 ppm and keep all other acquisition parameters same as in problem 1(a) and collect a proton spectrum, what would be the acquisition time and resolution of the newly acquired proton spectrum?
1 answer
Fri Feb 3, 2017 9:52 PM
Post by Kaye Lim on November 30, 2016
I have a question regarding how NMR instrument works. This is what I thought, please check if it is correct.
So there is only 1 MHz value of radio wave applied on the sample (like 42.6 MHz for 1 Tesla magnetic field). That powerful pulse of radiowave excites all nuclei including nuclei of F,N,C as well. Then the radio receiver would tune into a correct MHz value to read the released energy from the nuclei (example, 42.6MHz to read proton nuclei, and other corresponding MHz to read nuclei of other atom type). Is everything above correct?
Thank you!
1 answer
Fri May 6, 2016 12:50 AM
Post by Tram T on May 4, 2016
For protons on Carbon table at 37:04, Why proton of Methyl is more upfield (more shielded)than methylene and methine proton?
I thought that since alkyl R is EDG, the more alkyl R group like in the case of methine proton, the more electron rich the area thus methine proton would give the most upfield signal instead of proton on methyl.
Please explain! Thank you! Great lecture!
1 answer
Wed Nov 11, 2015 9:10 PM
Post by Jeremy Cohen on November 11, 2015
Dr. Starkey, I didn't know where to put this but I just wanted to say thank you for all of your help this semester. Your lectures have been incredibly helpful in getting me through orgo 1.
1 answer
Fri Jul 17, 2015 1:27 PM
Post by Akilah Futch on July 16, 2015
what if you are not given the formula of the structure and all you have is the H nmr.
3 answers
Mon Jul 7, 2014 12:05 AM
Post by Anhtuan Tran on July 1, 2014
Hi Dr. Starkey,
When it comes to calculate the chemical shifts for CH2 group, we use the formula: 1.2 + ΔR1 + ΔR2 and we look up the table for the values of Δ. My question is where those values are coming from and how did they calculate those values and what is the difference between the Δ values and the regular values that we use for H that has only one neighbor.
Thank you.
1 answer
Mon Feb 3, 2014 12:04 AM
Post by Andrea Cola on January 31, 2014
How many 1H NMR signals would 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene give?
5 answers
Tue Jul 8, 2014 12:03 PM
Post by brian loui on April 2, 2013
on example 2, (the one w/ the carbonyl) aren't the "e" methyls diastereotopic and therefore not equivalent? i made models... and they're not superimposable and aren't enantiomers.
1 answer
Sun Feb 17, 2013 5:29 PM
Post by Betty Vowles on February 17, 2013
Like Marina, I too am having difficulties with the last portion of the video. Have the technical difficulties been resolved?
1 answer
Thu Feb 7, 2013 10:58 AM
Post by Synthia Gratia on February 6, 2013
On the last example on example 5, when figuring out the number of signals in an NMR, I'm a little confused on how you designated the different protons. when you did the stereochemistry for the H and t-butyl group that's not a real stereocenter right? I mean that C has a t-butyl group a H and when you try to figure out the other 2 groups it is the same because the molecule is symmetrical. So how did you apply stereochemistry there? Or was that to explain the different H's?
1 answer
Fri Dec 14, 2012 11:21 AM
Post by Natalie Bossi on December 13, 2012
How can I move on ahead of what the lecturer is talking about?? It appears that I am stuck with wherever she is talking about, no matter what I click on in the contents. This is wasting a huge amount of time.
Please help.
Natalie
2 answers
Last reply by: Amirali Aghili
Sat Apr 6, 2013 4:38 PM
Post by Marina Bossi on November 22, 2012
In addition to this, if the video reaches a certain point where the data hasn't been loaded yet, it goes back to the very beginning again!
2 answers
Last reply by: Marina Bossi
Tue Nov 27, 2012 6:50 AM
Post by Marina Bossi on November 22, 2012
Hi,
The lectures are very helpful but why can't wait click on the exact position we wish to see? It is quite frustrating because I have to watch the whole lecture before I get to the bit I was up to. Thanks
1 answer
Fri Sep 21, 2012 12:11 PM
Post by fiorella alzamora on September 19, 2012
Hello,
Why is Toluene 7ppm? y wouldnt it be 2.3 ? Thanks
2 answers
Last reply by: Gabriella Kaminer-Levin
Tue Jul 3, 2012 4:58 PM
Post by Gabriella Kaminer-Levin on June 29, 2012
Dear Dr. Starkey:
How come hydrogens bonded to an oxygen (say in an alcohol group) don't show up on an NMR (or do they)? At around 45 minutes in this video you are describing the approximate positions of hydrogens in an ester/ alcohol and you do not include the hydrogen bonded to an oxygen in an alcohol group in your analysis.
Thanks!
Gabriella
1 answer
Fri Feb 17, 2012 8:33 PM
Post by janine jones on February 15, 2012
trying to work a problem that I am stuck on about signals is there any way I can upload an image to you>
1 answer
Sun Feb 5, 2012 10:02 PM
Post by Kimberly McDevitt on February 5, 2012
Can you please inform me how to fast forward the lectures or to select the section that I previously left off on without having to watch the entire lecture over again?
2 answers
Last reply by: Sitora Muhamedova
Wed Jun 19, 2013 4:19 PM
Post by Jason Jarduck on October 17, 2011
Hi
Excellent lecture very detailed explanation.
Thank You
Jason Jarduck