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1960s, The Kennedy Years and The Liberal Consensus

  • John F. Kennedy, first Catholic president, represents a “new politics” that emphasized youthful charisma, style, & personality
  • JFK’s New Frontier program: “get America moving again” via activism at home & abroad
  • He had a hard time mobilizing the public & Congressional support for the New Frontier but was successful in raising the min wage & expanding SS benefits but a conservative coalition in the South stalled most liberal initiatives
  • His presidency was preoccupied with Cold War concerns in Cuba and Vietnam.
  • The Civil Rights movement stirs as groups like SCLS, SNCC, CORE, Black Panthers, and leaders like MLK Jr. and Malcolm X mobilize and speak out against discriminatory laws and practices
  • In addition to African Americans, other groups advocate for their civil rights concerns, such as Chavez and the UFW, MAPA, AIM.
  • The Warren court was significant in that several (liberal) decisions were made that concerned a defendant’s rights and expanded civil liberties.

1960s, The Kennedy Years and The Liberal Consensus

Lecture Slides are screen-captured images of important points in the lecture. Students can download and print out these lecture slide images to do practice problems as well as take notes while watching the lecture.

  1. Intro
    • Overview
      • John F. Kennedy
      • The Bay of Pigs Incident
      • Cold War and Bay of Pigs
        • JFK: Cold Warrior
        • The Civil Rights Movements Stirs
        • Freedom Rides Map
          • Notorious Police Brutality Under “Bull Connors”
            • Civil Rights Movement
              • Kennedy's Response
              • MLK Jr.'s Response
              • Civil Rights in the 1960s
              • Black Nationalism
              • Malcolm X
              • Black Power
              • Cesar Chaves, Farm Workers and Chicanos
              • Chavez, Huerta and UFW
                • MAPA, Chicano Movement, Brown Berets
                • American Indian Movement (AIM)
                • Peace Corps
                • The Liberal Warren Court
                • Beginning of Vietnam War
                • Assassination of John F. Kennedy
                • Example 1
                  • Example 2
                    • Example 3
                      • Intro 0:00
                      • Overview 0:07
                      • John F. Kennedy 1:17
                        • The New Frontier Program
                        • TV Debates
                        • First Catholic President
                        • Liberal Initiatives
                        • Bay of Pigs
                        • Funding for NASA
                        • Alan Shepard
                        • John Glenn
                      • The Bay of Pigs Incident 7:02
                        • U.S.-Cuban Relations
                        • Castro Nationalized U.S. Owned Banks
                        • CIA
                        • Surrendered Within 24 Hours of Fighting
                      • Cold War and Bay of Pigs 9:43
                      • JFK: Cold Warrior 10:06
                        • Turned to the USSR
                        • The Berlin Wall
                        • Cuban Missile Crisis
                        • Nuclear Warfare
                        • Flexible Response
                      • The Civil Rights Movements Stirs 13:58
                        • Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
                        • CORE
                        • Attorney General Robert Kennedy
                        • Bull Connors
                      • Freedom Rides Map 17:41
                      • Notorious Police Brutality Under “Bull Connors” 18:36
                      • Civil Rights Movement 19:13
                      • Kennedy's Response 20:08
                        • Promise Civil Rights Legislation Banning Discrimination in Public
                        • Second Emancipation Proclamation
                      • MLK Jr.'s Response 21:49
                        • A Massive Civil Rights
                        • I Have a Dream
                      • Civil Rights in the 1960s 22:50
                        • More Radical
                        • Southern Senators
                        • Birmingham
                      • Black Nationalism 23:43
                        • Black Separatism
                        • Uncle Tom
                        • Black Muslims
                      • Malcolm X 27:43
                        • Nation Justice
                        • Hajj
                        • Pan-African Unity
                      • Black Power 30:42
                        • Stokely Carmichael
                        • Honorary Prime Minister
                        • Pan-Africanist
                        • Black Panthers
                      • Cesar Chaves, Farm Workers and Chicanos 34:04
                        • Chavez and Dolores Huerta
                        • United Farm Workers
                        • La Causa
                      • Chavez, Huerta and UFW 36:26
                      • MAPA, Chicano Movement, Brown Berets 37:19
                        • Mexican American Political Association
                        • Brown Berets
                        • Chicano
                        • Bilingual Education
                      • American Indian Movement (AIM) 39:46
                        • Red Power
                        • A Siege at Wounded Knee
                        • We Shall Remain
                      • Peace Corps 41:30
                        • Third World Countries
                        • Agency for International Development and the Alliance of Progress
                      • The Liberal Warren Court 43:14
                        • Mapp v. Ohio
                        • Gideon v. Wainwright
                        • Escobedo v. Illinois
                        • Miranda v. Arizona
                        • Engel v. Vitale
                        • Griswold v. Connecticut
                        • Baker v. Carr
                        • One Man, One Vote
                      • Beginning of Vietnam War 46:22
                        • Green Berets
                        • A Military Coup
                      • Assassination of John F. Kennedy 48:07
                        • Lee Harvey Oswald
                        • Lyndon B. Johnson
                      • Example 1 49:54
                      • Example 2 51:47
                      • Example 3 53:37
                      Elizabeth Turro

                      Elizabeth Turro

                      1960s, The Kennedy Years and The Liberal Consensus

                      Slide Duration:

                      Table of Contents

                      Section 1: Period 1: 1491 - 1607
                      The First Americans

                      53m 30s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      “American” History?
                      3:12
                      Controversies with the Term, “America”
                      3:24
                      The Origin of the Term, “America”
                      4:10
                      The Peopling of the Americas
                      4:40
                      The Land Bridge Theory
                      6:33
                      How the First Americans come to the Continent
                      6:44
                      Evidence of the First Americans
                      7:50
                      The Three Major Waves of the First Americans
                      8:27
                      The First Wave
                      8:40
                      The Second Wave
                      8:50
                      The Third Wave
                      8:57
                      The Controversial of Kennewick Man
                      9:12
                      The Native Americans
                      9:47
                      The Three Sisters
                      9:50
                      The Effects of Agricultural Surplus
                      10:26
                      The Three Sisters
                      11:09
                      Mayas and Aztecs of Mesoamerica
                      11:57
                      Olmec Civilization
                      11:45
                      Subsequent
                      12:36
                      Mayan Society
                      12:52
                      Jaguar Temple in Tikal (Mayan Temple)
                      13:17
                      Mayan Calendar
                      15:11
                      Mayans
                      15:43
                      Priests Ruled Society
                      15:53
                      The Decline of the Mayan Civilization
                      16:03
                      Aztecs
                      16:40
                      Tenochtitlan
                      16:51
                      Aztec Priests and Warrior Nobles
                      17:12
                      Incas
                      17:39
                      Introduction of the Incas
                      18:06
                      Summary of Mayans, Aztecs and Incas
                      18:29
                      Map of Native American Cultural Areas
                      18:55
                      The Indians of the North of Rio Grande
                      20:15
                      Clan-Based and Egalitarian Society
                      20:36
                      Why the Indians did not Develop into an Advanced Group?
                      21:22
                      Self-Governing Tribes
                      22:28
                      Southwest Settlements
                      22:51
                      Hohokam, Anasazi, Pueblos
                      23:00
                      The Decline of the Southwest Settlements
                      23:47
                      Architectural Site of a Southwest Settlement
                      24:01
                      Underground Kivas of the Anasazi
                      24:05
                      Zunis, Acomas and Hopis
                      24:36
                      Artifacts From the Southwest
                      24:49
                      Lives of the Pueblo People
                      25:10
                      Ancient Apartment buildings of Anasazi and Petroglyph
                      25:42
                      Midwest Settlements
                      26:39
                      Adena-Hopewells
                      26:42
                      Cahokia
                      27:25
                      The Decline of the Mississippian Civilization
                      28:07
                      Muskogean and Algonquian Speaking Societies
                      28:18
                      Hopewell Mound
                      28:51
                      The Great Serpent Mound
                      29:07
                      The Culture of Mississippians
                      29:15
                      Animists
                      29:53
                      Northeast Settlements
                      30:33
                      Hunting and Farming-Based Society
                      30:48
                      Iroquois Confederation
                      30:57
                      Iroquois Women at Work, 1724
                      32:42
                      Matrilineal Society
                      33:27
                      Iroquois Creation Myth
                      33:38
                      Dominant Economic Activity
                      35:35
                      The “New World”
                      36:27
                      Example 1
                      37:26
                      Example 2
                      43:15
                      Example 3
                      44:44
                      Example 4
                      50:59
                      Interactions of Europeans, Native Americans and Africans

                      55m

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:50
                      Europeans Encounters Africans and the Americans 1450-1550
                      2:51
                      European Agricultural Society - Yeomen
                      3:42
                      Hierarchical Social Order
                      4:39
                      Hierarchy
                      4:59
                      Inheritance and Religious Influences
                      5:32
                      Dower and Primogeniture
                      5:33
                      Religious Influences
                      6:00
                      Importance of Religious History
                      6:43
                      Pagans and Animists
                      6:53
                      Crusades
                      7:20
                      Christian Identity of Europeans
                      7:56
                      Absorption of Arab Knowledge
                      8:08
                      The Renaissance and The Age of Exploration
                      8:57
                      The Black Death
                      9:16
                      The Renaissance
                      9:34
                      Improvements in Technology
                      11:15
                      Prince Henry the Navigator
                      11:51
                      Gunpowder
                      13:00
                      West Africa and the Mediterranean in the 15th Century
                      13:50
                      Sea of Darkness
                      14:28
                      Madeira and Azore Islands
                      14:47
                      The Development of the Slave Trade System
                      15:00
                      Trade Routes in the Sub-Saharan Region
                      15:21
                      Trade Routes in the Globe
                      16:45
                      West African Society and Slavery
                      17:31
                      Geographical Location
                      18:21
                      Trading of Goods
                      18:50
                      Languages
                      19:22
                      Spiritual Beliefs
                      20:01
                      Effects of European Traders
                      20:16
                      Europeans and Africans Trade
                      20:56
                      Vasco da Gama
                      21:28
                      Slave Trade
                      22:00
                      War Captives and Criminals
                      23:15
                      Portuguese Traders and Slavery
                      24:19
                      Elmina, Foree, Mpinda and Loango
                      24:30
                      Sugar Plantations
                      25:13
                      Shipping to the America
                      25:56
                      Europeans Explore America
                      26:19
                      Spanish Monarchs, King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabel of Castile
                      26:26
                      Arranged Marriage
                      26:52
                      The Capture of Granada
                      27:33
                      Ferdinand and Isabella
                      27:42
                      Christopher Columbus
                      27:58
                      Two Goals
                      28:26
                      Christopher Columbus
                      28:47
                      Native Inhabitants
                      29:12
                      The Three Expeditions
                      29:31
                      Colonization of the West Indies
                      30:22
                      Amerigo Vespucci
                      30:40
                      The Spanish Conquest
                      31:02
                      Reconquista
                      31:18
                      Hernan Cortes
                      31:37
                      Moctezuma
                      31:50
                      Superior European Military Technology
                      32:11
                      Conquistadors and Disease
                      32:44
                      Francisco Pizarro
                      33:30
                      Conquistadors and Encomiendas
                      33:43
                      Columbian Exchange Map
                      34:52
                      Columbian Exchange
                      36:20
                      The Definition of Columbian Exchange
                      36:21
                      The Gold and Silver from Aztecs
                      36:46
                      Spanish Colonization of Americas
                      37:15
                      Spaniards Migration
                      37:22
                      Mestizo Population
                      37:51
                      Effects of Spanish Conquest
                      38:27
                      Introduction of Pigs
                      38:36
                      Steel Weapons
                      38:48
                      Smallpox
                      38:57
                      European Treatment of Native Americans
                      39:20
                      “Inferiority”
                      39:35
                      Spanish Policy
                      40:25
                      Latin American Social Hierarchy
                      41:21
                      Las Casas and Missionaries
                      42:20
                      Bartolome de Las Casas
                      43:06
                      In Defense of the Indians
                      43:10
                      Enslavement of Africans
                      43:58
                      Example 1
                      44:32
                      Example 2
                      47:45
                      Example 3
                      49:56
                      Example 4
                      52:21
                      The Protestant Reformation, Early Dutch and British Colonization and The Price Revolution

                      45m 42s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:10
                      The Protestant Reformation (Early 16th Century) and the Rise of England
                      2:00
                      Protestant Reformation
                      3:33
                      Spain's Loss of its Position
                      4:16
                      The Protestant Movements and Religious Conflicts
                      4:23
                      Religious Wars
                      4:32
                      Protestant Nations
                      4:49
                      Catholic Church
                      5:02
                      Martin Luther
                      5:16
                      Martin Luther
                      5:47
                      Grace
                      6:07
                      Dismissed the Need for Priests
                      6:24
                      Bible as the Ultimate Authority
                      6:48
                      Peasants' Social Protests
                      7:11
                      The Peace of Augsburg
                      7:30
                      John Calvin and Calvinism
                      7:58
                      Calvinism
                      8:50
                      Institutes of the Christian Religion and Predestination
                      9:13
                      The Chances of Salvation
                      9:33
                      The New Creed
                      9:49
                      The Anglican Church
                      10:09
                      The Presbyterian Church
                      11:15
                      Puritans
                      11:33
                      Religious Diversity in Europe, 1600
                      11:53
                      Radical Religious Groups
                      13:09
                      Migration to America
                      13:57
                      The Dutch and English Challenge Spain
                      14:32
                      John Cabot
                      15:12
                      King Philip II of Spain
                      15:46
                      Dutch (Holland)
                      16:05
                      Queen Eliz. I
                      16:28
                      Holland on the Rise
                      17:17
                      The Spanish Armada
                      17:48
                      Philip II
                      18:12
                      The Rise of the Dutch
                      18:48
                      Henry Hudson
                      18:58
                      Amsterdam
                      19:55
                      West India Company
                      20:28
                      Furtrading Colony of New Netherland
                      20:42
                      Dutch Colonies and Hudson River Valley
                      21:22
                      Mercantilism
                      22:01
                      Parliamentary Policies
                      23:36
                      Enrichment of Britain
                      23:48
                      Mercantilist Policies
                      24:48
                      Rise of Economy
                      24:50
                      Queen Eliz
                      25:48
                      The Domestic English Textile Industry
                      26:11
                      Merchant-Oriented Policies
                      26:48
                      Triangular Trade
                      27:00
                      Complex View of the Atlantic Trade System
                      28:05
                      The Social Causes of English Colonization
                      28:57
                      Merchant Fleets and Manufactures
                      29:26
                      Price Revolution
                      29:39
                      Creating Representative Government
                      30:08
                      Price Revolution Graph
                      30:36
                      Price Revolution
                      31:10
                      Expansion of the Textile Industry
                      31:21
                      Indentured Servants
                      31:58
                      A New Collision
                      33:00
                      Example I
                      33:21
                      Example II
                      36:43
                      A Comparison of Colonization and Settlement Patterns

                      57m 28s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:10
                      Spanish Settlements in North America
                      1:46
                      Spanish Adventurers
                      1:50
                      Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
                      3:02
                      Hernan de Soto
                      4:45
                      St Augustine
                      5:24
                      Spanish Exploration in North America
                      5:38
                      St. Augustine
                      8:00
                      Indian Attacks and Spanish Response
                      8:49
                      Comprehensive Orders of New Discoveries
                      9:10
                      Pacification of Indians
                      9:48
                      Franciscan Friars
                      10:38
                      Images Related to Spanish Colonization
                      12:13
                      San Antonio Mission
                      12:29
                      Pope
                      13:29
                      Native American Response to Spanish Policies
                      14:28
                      Attitude towards Franciscans
                      14:39
                      Sante Fe
                      16:03
                      Pueblo Revolt
                      16:23
                      Pueblos Joining the Spaniards
                      18:15
                      What did Spain Achieve?
                      19:05
                      Settled San Diego and San Francisco
                      19:50
                      Development of the Rigid Class System
                      20:17
                      New Spain
                      22:21
                      Spanish Class System
                      22:51
                      The French Explore and Settle in North America
                      24:20
                      Giovanni da Verrazano
                      24:30
                      Voyages of Jacques
                      25:33
                      Quebec
                      26:20
                      Louisiana
                      27:42
                      Fur trade and Relations with Native Americans
                      28:09
                      The Hurons
                      28:20
                      Devastating Indian Wars
                      30:22
                      The New York Iroquois
                      31:30
                      The Confederation of Five Nations
                      31:43
                      Iroquois Five Nations
                      32:07
                      The French Also Sought Converts
                      32:30
                      The Needs of the Indians
                      33:20
                      Threat to Native Population
                      33:48
                      The Dutch Explore and Settle in North America
                      34:29
                      Joint-Stock Company
                      36:14
                      The Town of New Amsterdam
                      38:01
                      Encouragement of Migration
                      38:25
                      New Amsterdam, Dutch Style, Fort-Like Trading post
                      39:08
                      New Amsterdam
                      39:42
                      Fort Orange
                      39:46
                      Taverns Outnumbered Churches
                      40:10
                      Seizing Farming Land
                      41:11
                      Welcoming Settlers from Other Nations
                      42:31
                      The Brits Take Over and Rename the Settlement New York
                      43:07
                      Ignoring the Requests for Representative Government
                      43:18
                      Second Anglo-Dutch War
                      44:08
                      The Duke of York
                      44:17
                      Hudsob River and Dutch Colonies in Green
                      45:35
                      New York Divided and New Jersey is Formed
                      46:12
                      Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret
                      46:50
                      East and West Jersey
                      47:03
                      Quakers
                      48:22
                      Queen Anne
                      48:38
                      Example 1
                      49:10
                      Example 2
                      54:24
                      England's Tobacco Colonies, Jamestown, Bacon's Rebellion

                      55m 26s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:09
                      Areas Colonized by 1660
                      0:45
                      Early British Ventures in North America and Roanoke Island
                      1:48
                      Sir Humphrey Gilbert
                      2:20
                      Sir Ferdinando Gorge
                      2:57
                      Sir Walter Raleigh
                      3:20
                      Croatoan
                      3:57
                      The Chesapeake Colonies
                      4:51
                      Populous Colonies
                      4:59
                      Indentured Servants
                      5:27
                      Virginia
                      6:49
                      Jamestown
                      7:14
                      Virginia Company
                      7:16
                      Corporate Colony
                      8:44
                      Harsh Life
                      8:57
                      Finding Gold
                      9:51
                      The Man, the Myth, the Legend
                      10:17
                      Powhatan and Captain John Smith
                      11:51
                      Powhatan
                      12:06
                      Opechancanough
                      13:12
                      Captain Smith
                      14:22
                      Powhatan and Pocahontas
                      15:37
                      Marriage
                      16:03
                      Introduction of Tobacco
                      16:59
                      Jamestown Government
                      17:58
                      The “Starving Time” and Tobacco
                      18:35
                      Disease and Famine
                      19:27
                      Cannibalism
                      19:32
                      Brown Gold
                      20:05
                      The VA Company Encourages Settlement
                      20:40
                      Headright System
                      20:50
                      House of Burgesses
                      21:57
                      Backlash of Powhatan
                      22:51
                      War led by Opechancanough
                      23:40
                      Indian Fields seized by the English
                      24:15
                      Virginia Becomes a Royal Colony
                      24:40
                      A Royal Colony
                      25:05
                      The Church of England
                      26:23
                      Maryland Is Established
                      26:37
                      George Calvert
                      27:02
                      A Safe Haven for Catholics
                      28:09
                      Cecil Calvert Takes Over
                      28:54
                      Cecil Calvert
                      28:58
                      An Act of Toleration
                      29:51
                      Protestant Revolt
                      31:33
                      Hard Times and Labor Shortages
                      31:52
                      Raising Prices of Exports
                      32:55
                      Sir William Berkeley
                      34:11
                      Nathaniel Bacon
                      34:43
                      Bacon's Rebellion
                      35:17
                      Building Frontier Forts
                      36:02
                      Berkeley Arrested Bacon
                      36:47
                      Political Reforms and Restoring the Rights of Voting
                      37:15
                      Nathaniel Bacon and the Site That His Followers Occupied
                      37:36
                      Aftermath and Effects of Bacon's Rebellion
                      37:49
                      Manifesto and Declaration of the People
                      37:58
                      Sharp Class Difference
                      38:15
                      Early Indication of Colonial Resistance
                      39:38
                      The First African Workers Arrive and Slavery Supplants Indentured Servitude
                      40:12
                      The First African Workers
                      40:18
                      English Common Law
                      41:24
                      Lowering the Status of Africans
                      42:23
                      Analyzing Primary Sources
                      43:46
                      Example 1
                      44:26
                      Example 2
                      48:05
                      Example 3
                      51:10
                      Example 4
                      51:59
                      Section 2: Period 2: 1607 - 1754
                      Puritan New England, The Pequots And Metacom's Rebellion

                      1h 3m 53s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:09
                      Puritan Migration
                      1:20
                      Pilgrim Separatists Sail to North America
                      2:29
                      Elizabeth I
                      2:47
                      Separatists
                      4:10
                      Mayflower
                      4:20
                      The Mayflower and Pilgrims
                      5:25
                      64-Day Voyage
                      5:43
                      Pilgrims
                      6:00
                      The Mayflower Compact
                      6:35
                      Self-Government
                      7:12
                      Just and Equal Laws
                      8:06
                      Grim Conditions for the Pilgrims at Plymouth
                      9:55
                      William Bradford
                      10:28
                      The Local Wampanoag Tribe
                      11:12
                      Thanksgiving Holiday
                      12:59
                      Puritans Arrive in MA Bay Colony in 1630
                      14:00
                      Arabella
                      14:13
                      John Winthrop
                      14:18
                      More Puritans Follow the Pilgrims
                      16:15
                      The Anglican Church
                      16:28
                      Massachusetts Bay Colony
                      17:19
                      Joint-Stock Corporation
                      17:53
                      Puritan Governance and Society
                      19:19
                      John Winthrop
                      19:24
                      Holy Commonwealth
                      20:30
                      Creation of the Theocracy
                      21:19
                      The Role of Church and the Bible
                      22:16
                      Pious, Patriarchal Puritans
                      23:57
                      Patriarchal Society
                      24:57
                      Predestination
                      26:04
                      Three Ways to Deal With Uncertainties
                      26:40
                      Puritan Dissenters
                      27:21
                      Roger Williams
                      28:05
                      Anne Hutchinson
                      29:34
                      Antinomianism
                      30:42
                      More Dissent and New Colonies
                      31:24
                      Thomas Hooker
                      31:40
                      The Fundamental Orders
                      31:51
                      Puritanism and Witchcraft
                      33:21
                      Witchcraft
                      37:45
                      European Enlightenment
                      39:16
                      Puritans Value Education
                      39:53
                      Puritan Law
                      40:19
                      Harvard College
                      40:32
                      Tight-Knit Yeoman Society
                      41:14
                      Town Meeting
                      42:42
                      Proprietors
                      43:51
                      A Socioeconomic Hierarchy
                      44:22
                      Puritan Town and Village Map
                      44:45
                      Halfway Covenant
                      46:03
                      Clergy
                      46:30
                      New England Congregationalists
                      46:46
                      Partial Church Members
                      47:25
                      Map of Algonquian Peoples In MA
                      48:17
                      Puritans and Pequots
                      49:36
                      Pequot Warriors
                      50:00
                      Savages
                      50:32
                      Praying Towns
                      51:12
                      The Wampanoag and Metacom's Rebellion
                      51:40
                      Peaceful Relations with Wampanoag
                      51:50
                      Metacom
                      52:47
                      The White Settlements
                      53:20
                      Losses of the Rebellion
                      54:15
                      Metacom
                      55:24
                      Example 1
                      56:06
                      Example 2
                      59:10
                      Example 3
                      1:01:13
                      The British Empire in North America, Part I

                      1h 3m 58s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      Restoration Colonies
                      1:43
                      Charles II
                      2:17
                      South and North Carolina
                      2:49
                      Feudal Manors
                      3:13
                      Map
                      4:49
                      Georgia Founded Later in 1732
                      5:55
                      A Buffer
                      6:10
                      James Oglethorpe
                      6:20
                      Charles II Grants Proprietorships
                      7:58
                      A Gentry Class
                      8:41
                      Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina
                      9:25
                      The Carolinas
                      10:15
                      Rebellion of the English Quakers
                      10:40
                      South Carolinians
                      11:58
                      Pennsylvania
                      13:15
                      William Penn
                      14:48
                      Inner Light
                      15:08
                      Church Services
                      16:14
                      William Penn
                      17:00
                      The Society of Friends
                      17:35
                      Holy Experiment
                      18:04
                      City of Brotherly Love
                      18:17
                      Pennsylvania's Frame of Government
                      18:36
                      Guaranteed Religious Freedom
                      19:32
                      Persecuted Protestants
                      20:50
                      Political Factionalism
                      21:53
                      The British Increase Pressure on the Colonies
                      22:52
                      Navigation Act in 1651
                      24:19
                      Navigation Act in 1660
                      25:56
                      Navigation Act in 1663
                      26:30
                      English Domination of Commerce
                      27:02
                      The Revenue Act of 1673
                      27:22
                      Commercial Wars
                      27:58
                      A Punitive Legal Strategy
                      28:57
                      Divine Right
                      30:10
                      The Dominion of New England
                      30:46
                      The Dominion
                      31:11
                      Sir Edmund Andros
                      31:42
                      English Law and Customs
                      32:53
                      Excerpts From the Commission of Sir Edmund Andros
                      33:20
                      Imposing Levy Rates and Taxes
                      33:44
                      Executing Martial Law
                      34:22
                      Britain's American Empire in 1713
                      34:45
                      Dominion of New England and Sir Edmund Andros
                      37:27
                      The Glorious Revolution and Its Effects
                      38:30
                      Glorious Revolution
                      38:56
                      Mary and Williams of Orange
                      39:12
                      Constitutional Monarchs
                      39:28
                      The English Bill of Rights in 1689 and the Enlightenment
                      41:43
                      The English Bill of Rights
                      41:50
                      British Parliament
                      42:05
                      Two Treatises of Government
                      42:59
                      The Leviathan Absolutist State
                      44:28
                      The Demise of the Dominion of New England
                      46:03
                      Broke Up of the Dominion of New England
                      46:42
                      A New Royal Colony
                      47:06
                      The Restoration of Internal Self-Government
                      47:59
                      Board of Trade
                      48:16
                      Example 1
                      48:54
                      Example 2
                      51:29
                      Example 3
                      54:36
                      The British Empire in North America, Part II

                      1h 58s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Imperial Wars and Native People
                      3:13
                      Carolinas Armed with the Creek
                      3:50
                      Fighting in the North
                      5:03
                      The Abenakis and Mohawks
                      5:08
                      Aggressive Neutrality
                      6:09
                      Treaty of Utrecht
                      6:37
                      Western Indian Trade
                      7:03
                      Britain's Supremacy
                      7:24
                      The Imperial Slave Economy
                      7:40
                      The South Atlantic System
                      7:53
                      The Sugar Plantations
                      9:27
                      Sugar Revolution
                      10:09
                      Most Profitable Crop
                      10:21
                      Negative Effects
                      11:06
                      Africa, Africans and the Slave Trade
                      12:03
                      Changing the West African Society
                      12:36
                      Benin
                      13:02
                      The Imbalance of the Sexes
                      13:33
                      Slave Trade
                      14:00
                      Middle Passage
                      15:09
                      Slavery in the Chesapeake and SC
                      17:58
                      A Slave Society
                      18:10
                      An African American Community
                      20:28
                      The Gullah Dialect
                      21:06
                      A Black Majority Emerges in South Carolina
                      21:50
                      Images of Slavery
                      22:40
                      Resistance and Accommodation
                      26:34
                      Drastic Limits on African Americans
                      26:45
                      Slave Protests
                      27:35
                      Stono Rebellion of 1739
                      29:24
                      Stono Rebellion
                      29:58
                      The Emergence of the Southern Gentry
                      30:49
                      Patriarchal Society
                      31:03
                      The Planter Elite
                      31:08
                      Owning a Slave
                      32:33
                      Gentility
                      33:41
                      Gentility
                      33:46
                      The Profits of the South Atlantic System
                      34:42
                      The Northern Urban Shipbuilding Economy
                      35:01
                      Bills of Exchange
                      35:48
                      Shipbuilding and the Distilling of Rum
                      36:33
                      Commerce in Lumber and Shipbuilding
                      36:55
                      Wealthy Landowners and Merchants
                      37:13
                      The Rise of Colonial Assemblies
                      37:55
                      Ruling With Gentle Hand
                      37:13
                      American Representative Assemblies
                      39:02
                      The Rising Power of the Colonial Assemblies
                      39:20
                      The Power of the People Began to Grow
                      40:18
                      Crowd Actions
                      40:22
                      Representative Political Institutions
                      40:33
                      Salutary Neglect
                      41:07
                      Constitutional Monarchism
                      42:07
                      The Prime Minister
                      42:50
                      Radical Whigs
                      43:07
                      Faction
                      43:12
                      Incompetent Royal Bureaucracy
                      43:41
                      Walpole
                      44:24
                      Navigations Act
                      44:34
                      A Degree of Independence
                      44:44
                      Walpole's Concerns
                      45:04
                      War Against Spain
                      45:29
                      War of Jenkin's Ear
                      46:30
                      War of Austrian Succession
                      46:52
                      The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
                      48:36
                      The America Economic Challenge
                      49:04
                      Navigations Act
                      49:07
                      The Molasses Act of 1733
                      49:52
                      The Currency Act
                      50:20
                      Example 1
                      51:48
                      Example 2
                      55:42
                      Example 3
                      59:52
                      Freehold New England and Diverse Middle Colonies

                      32m 29s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      Freehold Society in New England
                      1:03
                      Freeholders
                      2:25
                      Women and the Rural Household
                      2:42
                      Patriarchal Society
                      3:06
                      Farm Property and Inheritance
                      4:58
                      Laborer to Freeholder
                      5:39
                      Women Relinquished Ownership
                      6:43
                      Whole Communities
                      7:25
                      Challenges for Freehold Society
                      7:30
                      Double of the NE Population
                      7:44
                      Families' Petition
                      8:56
                      Livestock Economy
                      10:15
                      Preserving the Freehold Ideal
                      10:28
                      The Hudson River Manors
                      10:49
                      The Middle Atlantic Colonial Society
                      12:23
                      Grain Exports
                      13:07
                      The Hudson River Valley
                      13:56
                      Rural Pennsylvania and New Jersey
                      14:45
                      Economic Changes in Mid Atlantic
                      15:03
                      Social Division
                      15:17
                      “Outwork” Manufacturing System
                      15:42
                      Cultural and Religious Diversity
                      16:13
                      Cultural Diversity: Quakers and Germans
                      18:47
                      Preserving Cultural Identities of Migrants
                      19:02
                      German Cultural Heritage
                      20:25
                      Scots-Irish
                      20:39
                      Movement of Scots-Irish
                      20:50
                      Presbyterian Faith
                      21:28
                      Religious Identity and Political Conflict
                      21:52
                      Demanding a More Aggressive Indian Policy
                      22:15
                      Opposition to the Quakers
                      22:51
                      Economic and Demographic Changes in Mid Atlantic
                      24:18
                      Example 1
                      25:51
                      Example 2
                      28:00
                      Example 3
                      29:38
                      The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening in America

                      44m 4s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      The Enlightenment
                      3:04
                      The Age of Reason
                      3:33
                      Empirical Research and Scientific Reasoning
                      5:25
                      Influential Enlightenment Ideas
                      6:45
                      Four Fundamental Principles
                      7:29
                      John Locke
                      8:03
                      Two Treaties of Government
                      9:28
                      Revolutionary Ideas
                      11:46
                      Two Non-clergy-led Universities
                      13:39
                      Deism
                      14:32
                      Accordance with the Law of Nature
                      14:50
                      Ben Franklin
                      15:50
                      Ben Franklin
                      16:02
                      Key Contributor of American Revolution
                      16:45
                      Founder of the Junto Club
                      17:12
                      American Philosophical Society
                      17:22
                      Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanak
                      18:16
                      Almanacs
                      18:25
                      Richard Saunders
                      18:35
                      Wise Maxims
                      18:49
                      American Pietism
                      19:53
                      Pietism
                      20:12
                      Evangelical Christian Movement
                      20:27
                      Jonathan Edwards
                      22:04
                      The Great Awakening
                      22:18
                      Christian Zeal
                      22:24
                      George Whitefield
                      23:10
                      New Light
                      23:48
                      George Whitefield
                      24:06
                      The Great Awakening
                      24:46
                      Growth of Churches
                      24:52
                      Emotionalism, Revivalism, Evangelicalism
                      24:58
                      Itinerant Ministers
                      25:32
                      New Colleges
                      25:42
                      Jonathan Edwards
                      26:14
                      Revivalist and Intellectual
                      27:01
                      Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
                      27:20
                      Eternal Damnation
                      27:42
                      Religious Upheaval in the North
                      28:34
                      Old Light
                      28:38
                      Unconverted Sinners
                      30:22
                      Separatist Churches
                      30:35
                      Presbyterianism
                      31:26
                      Protestant Church Government
                      31:31
                      Geneva, Switzerland
                      31:50
                      Hostility of Irish Catholics
                      32:13
                      Reverend William Tennent
                      32:39
                      Scots-lrish Immigrant
                      32:49
                      Log College
                      33:16
                      Picture
                      34:02
                      Effects of the Great Awakening
                      34:08
                      Americans
                      34:45
                      Emotionalism
                      35:30
                      The Congregational and Presbyterian
                      36:45
                      Baptists and Methodists
                      37:10
                      Growth in the Number of Churches
                      37:35
                      Example 1
                      38:07
                      Example 2
                      41:09
                      The Great Awakening Spreads to the South and the French and Indian War

                      39m 53s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:10
                      Social and Religious Conflict in the South
                      1:48
                      Challenging the Church of England and the Planter Elite
                      2:01
                      Freeholders
                      2:51
                      Religious Pluralism
                      3:16
                      Baptist Revivals
                      4:02
                      Baptist Revivals
                      4:41
                      Free Born Male Members
                      5:37
                      A New Religious identity
                      6:14
                      The First Three Wars
                      6:40
                      King William’s War
                      7:22
                      Queen Anne's War
                      8:46
                      King George's War
                      8:47
                      The Seven Years' War
                      9:42
                      French and Indian War
                      9:50
                      Iroquois Strategy
                      11:10
                      Beginning of French and Indian War
                      12:05
                      Ohio Valley
                      12:40
                      Fort Necessity
                      13:17
                      Join, Or Die
                      13:49
                      Pennsylvania Gazette
                      16:30
                      Ben Franklin's Albany Plan
                      16:50
                      The Board of Trade
                      17:39
                      One General Government
                      17:54
                      Significance of the Albany Plan
                      18:53
                      Demands for American Independence
                      18:56
                      Stamp Act Congress
                      19:37
                      Map of Conflicting Imperial Claims
                      21:04
                      The French and Indian War
                      21:35
                      Nova Scotia
                      21:39
                      Seven Years' War
                      22:17
                      William Henry
                      22:31
                      French and Indian War Map
                      22:56
                      End of War
                      23:36
                      Treaty of Easton
                      23:38
                      Quebec
                      24:02
                      The Treaty of Paris
                      24:30
                      Boundaries After Treaty of Paris
                      25:40
                      Pontiac's Rebellion
                      26:33
                      Ottawa Chief Pontiac
                      26:37
                      Indian Alliance
                      27:49
                      British Era
                      28:11
                      Other Effects of the War
                      28:49
                      American Military Ineptitude
                      29:27
                      Huge Debt
                      30:10
                      Defied the New Treaty
                      31:15
                      Paxton Boys
                      32:10
                      Example 1
                      32:53
                      Example 2
                      35:44
                      Example 3
                      37:55
                      Section 3: Period 3: 1754-1800
                      British Reorganization After the French and Indian War and Colonial Protest

                      42m 59s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:10
                      British Shift in Policy Toward Colonists
                      1:00
                      Higher Import Duties
                      1:46
                      Discriminatory British Policies
                      3:44
                      British Expenditures and Revenue
                      4:04
                      British Law and Imperial Reform
                      4:57
                      The Supremacy of Parliamentary Laws
                      5:02
                      Second-Class Subjects
                      5:22
                      Currency Act
                      6:02
                      The Sugar Act
                      6:46
                      Navigation Act Loophole
                      7:01
                      Vice-Admiralty Court
                      7:45
                      The Stamp Act and Quartering Act Passed
                      8:28
                      Stamp Act
                      8:39
                      First Direct Tax
                      9:06
                      Quartering Act
                      10:06
                      Declaratory Act
                      10:33
                      Colonists Begin to Rebel
                      11:21
                      Virtual Representation
                      11:38
                      Patriots
                      12:23
                      Enlightenment Ideas
                      12:51
                      The Colonial Response
                      15:06
                      James Otis of MA
                      15:24
                      Stamp Act Congress
                      15:32
                      The Sons of Liberty
                      16:18
                      The Bostonians Paying the Exciseman or Tarring and Feathering
                      17:08
                      Extreme Measures
                      17:46
                      A British View
                      19:02
                      The Repeal or the Funeral Procession of Miss Ame-Stamp
                      19:49
                      Stamp Act Repealed
                      22:01
                      Declaratory Act
                      22:15
                      The Townshend Acts
                      22:52
                      Refuse to Drink Tea
                      23:03
                      More Acts, More Restrictions
                      23:30
                      The Revenue Act
                      23:38
                      Quartering Act
                      24:24
                      More Forms of Resistance
                      24:56
                      Daughters of Liberty, Boycotts and Homespuns
                      25:06
                      Boycotts of British Goods
                      26:50
                      Trade as a Political Weapon
                      27:26
                      Some Notable Patriots
                      27:57
                      Patrick Henry
                      28:04
                      John Adams
                      28:49
                      The Boston Massacre
                      30:11
                      The Boston Massacre
                      30:19
                      Paul Revere
                      31:28
                      Committees of Correspondence
                      32:11
                      The Rights and Grievances of the Colonists
                      32:36
                      More Organized Attempt
                      32:47
                      The Boston Tea Party: Reaction to Tea Act
                      33:07
                      Mohawk Indians
                      33:23
                      Crates of Tea
                      33:47
                      Sons of Liberty
                      34:04
                      British Reaction to Boston Tea Party
                      34:43
                      Closing Down the Port
                      35:07
                      Coercive Acts
                      35:35
                      Example 1
                      36:06
                      Example 2
                      38:47
                      The Road to Revolution

                      42m 3s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      Coercive or “Intolerable” Acts
                      1:54
                      Self-Rule Acts
                      2:52
                      The Quebec Act
                      3:40
                      King George and Parliament
                      4:07
                      Colonial Response
                      4:18
                      Committees of Correspondence
                      4:20
                      The House of Burgesses
                      5:25
                      Thomas Jefferson
                      6:08
                      First Continental Congress
                      7:02
                      Rejection of Colonial Union
                      7:25
                      Stop all Trades with England
                      7:37
                      A Statement of Grievances
                      8:02
                      The Suffolk Resolves
                      9:20
                      James Galloway
                      9:59
                      The Declaration of the Rights and Grievances
                      11:16
                      Greater American Autonomy
                      11:31
                      Violations of the Rights of the Colonists
                      12:18
                      Rebellion Spreads to the Countryside
                      12:47
                      Changing Attitudes to Imperial Issues
                      13:35
                      Yeoman Tradition of Land Ownership
                      13:59
                      British Response
                      14:13
                      Illegal Assembly
                      14:29
                      Payment of Defense and Administration
                      14:55
                      Conciliatory Propositions
                      15:54
                      Lexington and Concord
                      16:26
                      Minutemen of Concord
                      16:37
                      Huge Losses
                      17:28
                      John Lodge's “View of the Attack on Bunker Hill, with the burning of Charles Town, June 17, 1775”
                      17:57
                      Loyal Americans Feared “Mob Rule”
                      18:24
                      Sons of Liberty
                      18:50
                      Pacifist Beliefs
                      19:04
                      The Second Continental Congress Organizes
                      20:05
                      Continental Army
                      20:38
                      John Dickinson of PA
                      21:10
                      Olive Branch Petition
                      21:33
                      Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms
                      23:09
                      Patriots Mobilize and Loyalists Join British
                      24:05
                      Zealous Patriots
                      24:11
                      Patriot Planters
                      26:45
                      Thomas Paine's “Common Sense”
                      26:52
                      Called for Independence
                      27:16
                      Common Sense
                      28:09
                      Against British Rule
                      28:39
                      Example 1
                      29:17
                      Example 2
                      31:48
                      Example 3
                      34:11
                      Independence Declared and the Revolutionary War

                      30m 41s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      Independence Declared
                      1:01
                      Declaration of Independence
                      1:14
                      Thomas Jefferson
                      1:27
                      Principle of Individual Liberty
                      6:01
                      The Legitimacy of Republican State Government
                      7:05
                      War in the North
                      7:20
                      Patriots
                      7:27
                      The Loyalist Strongholds
                      8:02
                      Native Americans' Preference
                      8:17
                      The British Military and Strategy
                      8:46
                      Powerful Navy
                      8:52
                      Joseph Brant
                      9:15
                      The American Army and Strategy
                      10:15
                      Economically and Militarily Weak
                      10:25
                      New Continental Army
                      10:28
                      Guerilla Tactics
                      11:34
                      British Tactics
                      12:12
                      General Howe
                      12:19
                      Battle of Long Island
                      13:20
                      Trenton
                      13:34
                      1776-1777 Map
                      14:04
                      African-American Role in the War
                      14:30
                      Loyalists and Americans
                      14:42
                      Enslaved During the War
                      15:10
                      Women's Role in the War
                      15:32
                      Boycott of English Good
                      15:58
                      Abigail Adam's Letters
                      17:51
                      The Ladies Association
                      19:49
                      Washington’s Sewing Circle
                      20:00
                      Edenton Ladies Tea Party
                      20:11
                      Philadelphia on the Eve of the Revolution
                      21:15
                      General William Howe
                      21:39
                      Starvation at Valley Forge
                      21:58
                      Thomas Jeffery's, After George Heap. “ An East Prospect of the City of Philadelphia”
                      22:11
                      Turning Point: Battle of Saratoga
                      23:26
                      Saratoga
                      23:45
                      Captured British Troops and Equipment
                      24:18
                      End of War
                      24:36
                      Dutch Declared War Against Britain
                      24:44
                      Marquis de Lafayette
                      25:05
                      Yorktown
                      25:39
                      Treaty of Paris
                      26:28
                      Treaty of Paris in 1783
                      26:49
                      Example 1
                      27:33
                      Example 2
                      29:09
                      Creating Republican Institutions

                      44m 52s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Creating Republican Institutions
                      1:39
                      Sacred Fire of Liberty
                      2:04
                      The Destiny of the Republican Model
                      2:11
                      Experiment Entrusted to the hands of the American People
                      2:26
                      The State Constitutions, 1776-1787
                      2:41
                      Republicanism
                      3:22
                      New Constitutions
                      4:27
                      Voting Rights
                      5:48
                      John Adam's Influence
                      6:21
                      Thoughts on Government
                      6:56
                      PA Unicameral Legislature
                      7:08
                      Bicameral Legislature
                      8:07
                      Bicameral Legislature
                      8:43
                      Restricting Popular Power
                      8:49
                      Middling Circumstances
                      9:56
                      Women Seek a Public Voice
                      10:35
                      Second-Class Citizens
                      11:12
                      Abigail Adams
                      12:12
                      Vindication of the Rights of Woman
                      12:55
                      On the Equality of the Sexes
                      13:42
                      The Loyalist Exodus
                      14:21
                      Structure of Rural Communities
                      14:36
                      A Traditional-Oriented Economic Elite
                      15:00
                      Entrepreneurial-Minded Republican Merchants
                      15:13
                      In Search of a National Government
                      15:48
                      Weak Central Government
                      16:26
                      Continental Congress
                      16:39
                      First Constitution
                      17:34
                      Congressional Powers in the Articles
                      18:34
                      Conduct Wars and Foreign Relations
                      18:53
                      Adjudicate Disputes
                      19:38
                      Land Ordinances
                      20:04
                      The Confederation and the “Northwest”
                      20:17
                      Westward Expansion
                      20:50
                      Creation of Several Ordinances
                      21:49
                      Secessionist Movements
                      22:10
                      The Northwest Territory
                      22:46
                      Refused Morris's Proposal
                      23:18
                      Trans-Appalachian West
                      23:29
                      Native American Tribes
                      23:44
                      Map of Northwest and Southwest Territories
                      24:20
                      Ordinance of 1784
                      24:43
                      Ordinance of 1785
                      25:28
                      Northwest Ordinance of 1787
                      26:50
                      A Single NW Territory
                      27:12
                      Inhabitants
                      27:22
                      Weaknesses of the Articles
                      27:47
                      No Power to Tax
                      28:26
                      No Executive
                      28:53
                      Single Vote for Each State
                      29:02
                      Diplomatic Features
                      30:05
                      Great Lake Area
                      30:20
                      John Adams
                      31:10
                      Example 1
                      31:35
                      Example 2
                      34:28
                      Example 3
                      36:55
                      The Constitutional Convention and Debate Over Ratification

                      45m 59s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      Debts, Taxes and Shays
                      3:31
                      Postwar Depression
                      3:41
                      Resentment of Farmers
                      4:00
                      Abolition of Imprisonment for Debt
                      4:33
                      Effects of Shays' Rebellion
                      5:29
                      Sentenced to Death
                      5:37
                      No Federal Army
                      5:54
                      A Riot Act
                      6:30
                      What Type of Government to Create?
                      7:20
                      A Stronger Central Government
                      8:07
                      Money Questions
                      8:16
                      Alexander Hamilton
                      9:15
                      James Madison
                      11:06
                      Madison's Virginia Plan
                      12:06
                      3-Tiered National Government
                      13:41
                      Lower House
                      13:58
                      Upper House
                      14:10
                      Patterson's New Jersey Plan
                      14:47
                      William Patterson
                      15:18
                      One-House Legislature
                      15:57
                      Tax and Regulate Commerce
                      16:06
                      The Great Compromise
                      16:30
                      Roger Sherman
                      16:43
                      Connecticut Plan
                      17:07
                      Legislature
                      17:30
                      Other Important Decisions
                      19:56
                      In One Supreme Court
                      20:00
                      The Electoral College
                      20:23
                      A Fugitive Clause
                      22:50
                      The Supreme Law of the Land
                      23:17
                      National Supremacy
                      23:28
                      The Constitution
                      24:19
                      Fear of Abuse of People's Rights
                      24:58
                      Federalism, Enlightenment and Republicanism
                      25:34
                      Federalism
                      25:47
                      Enlightenment Ideas
                      26:27
                      Enumerated Powers
                      27:04
                      Federalists V.S. Antifederalists
                      28:42
                      Federalists
                      28:55
                      The Federalist Papers
                      29:30
                      Antifederalists
                      30:25
                      A Bill of Rights
                      30:41
                      Completing the Structure
                      30:57
                      First Elections
                      31:25
                      Ratification
                      31:31
                      Washington and John Adams
                      31:35
                      First Ten Amendments
                      31:44
                      The Judiciary Act of 1789
                      31:58
                      Map of State Ratification of Constitution
                      32:17
                      Creation of a Cabinet and Three Departments
                      33:33
                      Example 1
                      34:32
                      Example 2
                      35:25
                      Example 3
                      42:23
                      The Early Nation and the Washington Administration

                      43m 18s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      Status of Native Americans
                      1:55
                      Conflicts over Land
                      2:04
                      Nation Within a Nation
                      3:09
                      Tribal Sovereignty
                      3:20
                      Domestic Dependent Nations
                      4:54
                      Native American Conflicts 1780s
                      5:25
                      Trans-Appalachian West
                      5:43
                      Treaty of Fort Stanwix
                      6:02
                      Native Americans in Ohio
                      6:52
                      Native American Conflicts 1790s
                      7:01
                      Northwest Confederacy
                      7:24
                      Miami Warrior Little Turtle
                      7:45
                      Battle of Fallen Timbers
                      8:51
                      Treaty of Greenville
                      9:09
                      Hamilton and the Federalist Influence
                      9:30
                      Federalists
                      10:02
                      Alexander Hamilton
                      10:26
                      Public Credit
                      11:37
                      Alexander Hamilton's Economic Plan
                      12:06
                      Assume the Debts of the States
                      12:16
                      A National Bank
                      12:56
                      Excise Tax
                      13:13
                      The Federalist Program
                      14:24
                      The Funding Bill
                      14:32
                      Potomac River
                      15:48
                      National Bank of the US
                      16:08
                      Public Credit
                      16:15
                      The Republican Opposition
                      16:39
                      The Emerging of the Republican Party
                      17:30
                      Agrarian Republic
                      18:17
                      Decentralization
                      19:20
                      Strict V.S. Broad Constructionism
                      20:11
                      Strict Constructionism
                      21:39
                      Elastic Clause
                      22:45
                      Loose or Broad Constructionism
                      24:01
                      Washington Wins 1792 Election
                      25:14
                      The Whiskey Rebellion
                      25:50
                      The Militia
                      26:21
                      Early Foreign Policy
                      26:51
                      Neutral Policy
                      27:23
                      Diplomat Edmond Genet
                      28:05
                      French West Indies
                      29:19
                      Jay's Treaty
                      29:48
                      Federalist John Jay
                      30:17
                      Opposition to Jay's Treaty
                      31:44
                      Pinckney's treaty in 1795
                      31:56
                      Thomas Pinckney
                      32:08
                      Mississippi River
                      32:27
                      Executive Privilege
                      33:15
                      Downfall of the Federalists
                      33:37
                      Republicans Rose in Power
                      33:44
                      Preserving Stability
                      34:03
                      The Election of 1796
                      35:08
                      Farewell Address
                      35:46
                      John Adams
                      37:13
                      Example 1
                      37:46
                      Example 2
                      40:50
                      Section 4: Period 4: 1800-1848
                      Adams and The Jeffersonian Era

                      48m 14s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      John Adams
                      1:48
                      Political Philosopher
                      2:40
                      French Revolution and Haitian Revolution
                      3:13
                      Not a Slave Owner
                      3:46
                      Falling out with Jefferson
                      4:34
                      Relations with France Deteriorate
                      5:32
                      XYZ Affair
                      7:12
                      A Huge Backlash
                      7:33
                      New Warships
                      7:59
                      Rejected the Federalist Approach
                      8:33
                      Alien and Sedition Acts
                      9:06
                      Alien Act
                      9:23
                      French Revolution
                      9:48
                      1st Amendment's Prohibition
                      11:19
                      Republican Response
                      12:21
                      VA and KY Resolutions
                      12:26
                      Undelegated Powers
                      12:40
                      States' Rights Interpretation of the Constitution
                      13:06
                      Jefferson Becomes President in 1800
                      13:50
                      Election of 1800
                      14:34
                      Burr
                      15:15
                      Voting for Jefferson
                      15:35
                      Jefferson Elected
                      15:51
                      Electoral College
                      15:58
                      Revolution of 1800
                      16:44
                      Judiciary Act of 1801
                      17:37
                      Midnight Appointments
                      18:08
                      Marbury V. Madison
                      19:26
                      Marbury V. Madison
                      19:41
                      Judicial Review
                      20:17
                      John Marshall
                      21:29
                      Samuel Chase
                      21:40
                      Thomas Jefferson
                      21:51
                      Architect, Intellectual, Writer
                      22:00
                      Urbanization
                      22:52
                      Expansion of US Territory
                      23:57
                      Monticello
                      24:23
                      Limits on Government
                      25:06
                      Abolishing Internal Taxes
                      15:15
                      The U.S. Military Academy at West Point
                      26:06
                      U.S. French Relations
                      26:25
                      Secret Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800
                      27:03
                      Unrest in the Caribbean Islands
                      28:02
                      New Republic of Haiti
                      28:35
                      Napoleon and L'ouverture
                      29:44
                      Other Foreign Policy Challenges
                      30:05
                      Pinckney Treaty of 1795
                      30:28
                      Robert Livingston
                      30:42
                      Louisiana Purchase of 1803
                      31:46
                      Proposal of Buying Louisiana
                      32:17
                      Signed the Agreement
                      32:30
                      Louisiana Admitted as a State
                      32:57
                      Louisiana Purchase
                      33:07
                      Lewis and Clark
                      33:34
                      Missouri River
                      34:15
                      Records to Geography and Civilizations
                      34:43
                      Lewis, Clark and Sacajawea
                      35:07
                      The Burr Conspiracy
                      35:24
                      Essex Junto
                      36:00
                      Aaron Burr
                      36:23
                      Other Challenges for Jefferson
                      37:27
                      War of 1812
                      37:44
                      Napoleonic War
                      37:51
                      Chesapeake-Leonard Incident
                      39:03
                      Jefferson's Proposal: Embargo
                      39:35
                      Embargo
                      41:02
                      A Controversial Policy
                      41:53
                      Exports
                      42:17
                      Example 1
                      42:35
                      Example 2
                      44:46
                      Period IV: James Madison and the War of 1812

                      44m 36s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Election of 1808
                      2:24
                      Non-Intercourse Act in 1809
                      3:12
                      Macon's Bill No. 2 in 1810
                      3:43
                      Madison Faces Challenges
                      4:24
                      France Stop interfering with US Shipping
                      4:34
                      Indians in Ohio River Valley
                      5:14
                      Westward Expansion and Clashes With Native Americans
                      5:34
                      Treaty of Grenville in 1795
                      6:25
                      The Harrison Land Law
                      6:57
                      William Henry Harrison
                      7:25
                      Tenskwatawa, “The Prophet”
                      8:18
                      Shawnee Leader
                      8:42
                      Spiritual Revival
                      10:07
                      Tecumseh: “The Shooting Star”
                      10:29
                      Against White Civilization
                      10:43
                      Battle of Tippecanoe
                      11:12
                      Florida and War Fever
                      12:04
                      War Hawks
                      13:58
                      Henry Clay of Kentucky
                      14:10
                      John C. Calhoun of SC
                      14:13
                      Causes of War and Divisions
                      14:50
                      Naval Blockade
                      15:44
                      A Divided Nation
                      16:53
                      Anti-War Groups
                      17:36
                      The War of 1812
                      18:53
                      Land Campaign
                      20:11
                      Invaded Canada through Detroit
                      20:25
                      General Hull
                      20:37
                      The War of 1812: “Mr. Madison's War”
                      21:05
                      Map of the War
                      24:16
                      The White House Burns in 1814
                      27:05
                      The Revolt of New England
                      28:04
                      Daniel Webster
                      28:36
                      Talk of Secession
                      29:20
                      Hartford Convention
                      29:35
                      The Effects of the War of 1812
                      31:07
                      Respect Canada as a Neighbor
                      31:42
                      Debate over Missouri Territory
                      32:01
                      Rise of Sectionalism
                      32:20
                      Territorial Expansion for Anglo-Americans
                      33:21
                      The Treaty of Ghent
                      33:56
                      The Rush-Bagot Agreement of 1817
                      34:54
                      Example 1
                      35:12
                      Example 2
                      37:59
                      Example 3
                      42:15
                      Period IV: The Growing Economy, The American System and The 'Era of Good Feelings'

                      35m 25s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      The Growing Economy
                      2:32
                      Manufacturing Increased
                      2:39
                      The Bank of the U.S.
                      2:59
                      Building of a National Network of Roads and Waterways
                      3:24
                      Tariff of 1816
                      4:04
                      Transportation System Improvements
                      6:01
                      Potomac River to the Ohio River
                      6:09
                      President Madison
                      7:54
                      Conestoga Wagon
                      8:25
                      Henry Clay's American System
                      8:35
                      Protective Tariffs
                      8:43
                      National Bank
                      8:52
                      Internal Improvements
                      8:55
                      The Panic of 1819
                      9:56
                      The First Major Financial Panic
                      10:26
                      Tight Credit Policy
                      10:37
                      Debt Increased Sharply
                      10:53
                      Westward Expansion
                      11:14
                      The Population Doubled
                      11:30
                      The Factor System
                      12:08
                      The Plantation System in the Southwest
                      13:17
                      Black Belt
                      14:15
                      Cotton Plantations and Slavery
                      14:31
                      Four States Admitted to the Union
                      15:25
                      Trade and Trapping in the Far West
                      15:45
                      Mexico Gained Independence
                      16:08
                      U.S. Traders
                      16:39
                      Jedediah Smith
                      17:37
                      Exploration of the West
                      18:03
                      Plattee
                      18:36
                      The Great American Desert
                      18:56
                      James Monroe
                      19:13
                      Virginia Dynasty
                      19:22
                      John Quincy Adams
                      20:25
                      John C. Calhoun
                      20:32
                      John Quincy Adams and Florida
                      21:04
                      A Committed Nationalist
                      21:16
                      Negotiations with Spain
                      21:25
                      Andrew Jackson
                      21:41
                      Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819
                      22:52
                      Adams-Onis Treaty
                      24:02
                      Sectional Conflicts
                      24:57
                      The Extension of Slavery
                      25:06
                      The Tallmadge Amendment
                      26:32
                      Missouri Compromise
                      27:14
                      A Free State
                      27:21
                      A Slave State
                      28:11
                      MO Compromise
                      28:29
                      Example 1
                      30:16
                      Example 2
                      31:53
                      John Marshall, the Federalist Legacy and James Monroe's Foreign Policy

                      35m 22s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:09
                      John Marshall and the Federalist Legacy
                      1:10
                      Judicial Authority, the Supremacy of Laws and Traditional Property Rights
                      1:51
                      The Interests of Propertied and Commercial Classes
                      2:25
                      Long Term Mark on the Court
                      3:02
                      Fletcher v. Peck in 1810
                      3:30
                      Land Frauds
                      3:42
                      Contract Clause
                      5:42
                      Property Rights
                      7:00
                      Dartmouth College v. Woodward in 1819
                      7:40
                      College's Charter
                      8:04
                      Expanded the Meaning of Contract Clause
                      8:27
                      The Corporate Charter
                      8:48
                      McCulloch v. Maryland in 1819
                      9:20
                      Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States
                      11:16
                      Implied Powers
                      11:34
                      Power to Destroy
                      12:05
                      Gibbons v. Ogden in 1824
                      12:23
                      A State Grant
                      14:29
                      Interstate Commerce
                      14:38
                      Johnson v. McIntosh in 1823
                      15:01
                      Sold Land to White Settlers
                      16:19
                      Take Land from Tribes
                      16:44
                      Worcester v. Georgia in 1823
                      17:49
                      Establish Native American Sovereignty
                      18:51
                      Marshall Affirmed the Rights of Tribes
                      19:32
                      Foreign Policy Under Monroe
                      20:39
                      U.S.-Latin American Trade Relations
                      22:46
                      Neutrality
                      23:40
                      Establish Diplomatic Relations
                      25:08
                      Monroe Doctrine in 1823
                      25:53
                      “Backyard” of the U.S.
                      27:05
                      Nationalistic Policy
                      28:26
                      Secretary o State John Q. Adams
                      28:40
                      Example 1
                      30:00
                      Example 2
                      32:43
                      John Quincy Adams, Growing Sectional Tension, and the Capitalist Commonwealth

                      47m 41s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      The Election of 1824
                      1:17
                      State Legislatures
                      1:52
                      William H. Crawford
                      3:08
                      The Demise of the Caucus System
                      3:49
                      House of Representatives
                      4:43
                      Henry Clay as Secretary of State
                      6:14
                      Corrupt Bargain
                      6:30
                      John Quincy Faces Obstacles
                      7:05
                      Partisan Tensions Emerged
                      7:16
                      International Issues
                      7:33
                      Conflict with Georgia
                      8:36
                      The Controversial Tariff of 1828
                      9:29
                      Tariff on Imported Goods
                      9:32
                      Tariff of Abominations
                      10:01
                      A Huge Backlash in New England
                      10:37
                      Capitalism and the Commonwealth
                      10:55
                      Common-wealth
                      11:42
                      Abrupt Drop in Worldwide Prices
                      12:50
                      Business Cycle
                      13:23
                      Transportation Improvements
                      13:58
                      The Sale of Privately Owned Land
                      14:43
                      Marshall Court
                      15:37
                      First Railroad Lines
                      15:48
                      Transportation Innovations
                      16:24
                      Trade Ventures
                      16:30
                      Shipping Industry
                      16:37
                      James Watt
                      16:42
                      Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston
                      16:51
                      Turnpikes
                      17:13
                      Erie Canal Project
                      17:17
                      George Harvey's “Pittsford on the Erie Canal” in 1837
                      18:37
                      Erie Canal
                      18:53
                      Growth of U.S. Industry
                      20:14
                      Factory System
                      20:27
                      Eli Whitney
                      22:35
                      Changes in Corporate Law
                      24:08
                      Trade/Craft Unions
                      25:00
                      Commonwealth v. Hunt in 1842
                      26:32
                      Peaceful Unions
                      26:59
                      Labor Contracts
                      27:08
                      Cities Continue to Grow
                      28:09
                      Northerners
                      29:00
                      Agriculture and the Rise in Immigrants
                      29:13
                      Peculiar Institution
                      30:01
                      Effects of the Market Revolution
                      31:31
                      Isolated Lives
                      32:29
                      Women's Rights
                      32:40
                      Less Arranged Marriages
                      33:17
                      The Growth of the Cotton Industry
                      34:07
                      Example 1
                      34:18
                      Example 2
                      36:55
                      Example 3
                      39:18
                      Republicanism, The Second Great Awakening and Antebellum Reform Movements

                      40m 4s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:51
                      A Democratic Republican Culture
                      1:54
                      Republican Marriages
                      2:44
                      Republican Motherhood
                      4:56
                      Raising Republican Children
                      7:10
                      Promoting Cultural Independence
                      8:32
                      Aristocratic Republicanism and Slavery
                      9:55
                      Necessary Evil
                      11:32
                      Wages-Slaves
                      11:50
                      Gabriel Prosser
                      12:35
                      Outlawed Slave Trade
                      13:47
                      Voting Rights Expand
                      14:05
                      The Antislavery Movement Early 1800s
                      15:06
                      Black Abolitionists
                      15:24
                      Haitian Revolution
                      15:42
                      The American Colonization Society
                      17:43
                      Liberia
                      18:19
                      Richard Allen
                      20:04
                      The Second Great Awakening
                      21:33
                      Huge Evangelized Hubs
                      22:27
                      Evangelic Methodist and Baptist Churches
                      23:09
                      Timothy Dwight and Charles Finney
                      23:33
                      Revival Meetings Could Last Up to a Week
                      23:53
                      Effects of the Second Great Awakening
                      26:01
                      A Fervently Protestant People
                      26:30
                      Academies
                      27:56
                      Women's Rights and Temperance Movements
                      28:22
                      Revivalism
                      29:20
                      Camp Meeting
                      29:27
                      Rationalism/Enlightenment (Deism)
                      29:45
                      Charles Grandison Finney
                      30:53
                      Finney and Revival
                      31:32
                      Other Religious Groups Arise
                      31:51
                      The Shakers
                      32:15
                      The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing
                      33:10
                      Utopian Society
                      34:22
                      The Shakers
                      35:27
                      Example 1
                      36:17
                      Example 2
                      38:43
                      Utopian Communal Societies, the Temperance Movement, and Nativism

                      47m 18s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:10
                      Rural Communalism and Utopian Societies
                      2:24
                      Fourierism
                      4:06
                      Utopian Socialism
                      5:05
                      Members of Phalanxes
                      5:37
                      100 Cooperative Communities
                      5:42
                      Other Communal Experiments
                      6:26
                      The Amana Colonies in Iowa
                      6:29
                      New Harmony
                      6:53
                      Utopian Socialist Community
                      7:10
                      Major Communal Experiment Before 1860
                      8:39
                      The Oneida Community
                      10:11
                      John Humphrey Noyes
                      10:18
                      Complex Marriage
                      10:22
                      Female Followers
                      11:38
                      Silverware Production
                      13:17
                      The Mormons, 1830
                      14:01
                      The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
                      14:11
                      Joseph Smith
                      14:14
                      Brigham Young
                      16:23
                      The Mormon Trail
                      16:45
                      Immigration and Cultural Conflict
                      17:10
                      Potato Famine
                      19:27
                      German/Irish
                      20:15
                      Cholera Epidemic
                      21:26
                      Immigrant Communities
                      21:41
                      The Surge in Immigration, 1854-1855
                      22:14
                      Backlash Against Immigrant Groups
                      23:04
                      Low Wages
                      23:18
                      Nativist groups
                      26:11
                      Immigrants were Scapegoats
                      26:54
                      Alcoholism
                      27:02
                      Samuel F.B. Morse
                      28:00
                      The Temperance Movement
                      28:33
                      Reform Movement Against Drunkenness
                      29:07
                      The American Society for the Promotion of Temperance
                      30:56
                      Temperance Legislation
                      31:37
                      The Drunkard's Progress
                      32:27
                      Carrie Nation, The Bar Room Smasher
                      33:58
                      Conservative Social Reform
                      35:30
                      Congregational and Presbyterian Ministers
                      35:46
                      Prison Discipline Society
                      36:24
                      Regular Habits
                      36:32
                      Sabbatarian Values
                      37:10
                      Example 1
                      38:45
                      Example 2
                      41:20
                      Example 3
                      42:46
                      Jacksonian Democracy

                      40m 25s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      The Rise of Popular Politics
                      2:21
                      Expansion of the Vote
                      2:30
                      Presidential Electors
                      3:17
                      No Franchise
                      4:01
                      The Political Machine
                      4:38
                      Martin Van Buren
                      5:58
                      Patronage
                      6:30
                      Spoils System
                      6:46
                      Jacksonians
                      8:32
                      Changing in Voting Patterns
                      8:52
                      Jackson Runs a Tough Campaign
                      10:57
                      Age of Jackson
                      11:42
                      Jackson's Inauguration
                      13:23
                      Reign of King Mob
                      13:45
                      Economic Equality
                      14:41
                      First Days in Office
                      15:14
                      Whigs
                      15:54
                      Against Jackson
                      17:09
                      Like a Monarch
                      17:18
                      Northern Whigs
                      18:02
                      Southern Whigs
                      18:57
                      President of the Common Man
                      19:22
                      Self-Made man from TN
                      19:27
                      Equal Protection and Equal Benefits
                      19:31
                      No Region
                      19:58
                      Permanent Office Holders
                      21:07
                      Frugal Jeffersonian
                      21:43
                      To the Victors Belong the Spoils
                      21:48
                      Spoils System
                      21:50
                      A Central, Corrupting Feature
                      22:40
                      To the Victors Belong the Spoils
                      23:44
                      Jackson's Political Rivals: Clay
                      24:14
                      Four Internal Improvement Bills
                      24:44
                      The Bank of the United States
                      25:22
                      Vetoing Numerous Bills
                      25:40
                      The Rise of Martin Van Buren and Jackson's Scandalous Cabinet
                      26:05
                      Kitchen Cabinet
                      26:54
                      Albany Regency
                      27:18
                      Senator Eaton
                      27:28
                      The Rats Leaving a Falling House
                      28:50
                      Calhoun and Nullification
                      29:33
                      John C. Calhoun of South Carolina
                      29:40
                      Nullification
                      30:04
                      Tariff of Abominations
                      30:20
                      Sectional Controversy
                      31:15
                      Nullification Crisis
                      31:45
                      Preserve Federal Union
                      32:54
                      A Force Bill
                      33:45
                      Compromise Reached
                      34:09
                      Henry Clay
                      34:14
                      Passed the Compromise and Force Bill
                      34:33
                      Nullification of the Tariffs
                      34:40
                      Example 1
                      35:09
                      Example 2
                      37:54
                      Four Internal Improvement Bills
                      24:44
                      The Bank of the United States
                      25:22
                      Vetoing Numerous Bills
                      25:40
                      The Rise of Martin Van Buren and Jackson's Scandalous Cabinet
                      26:05
                      Kitchen Cabinet
                      26:54
                      Albany Regency
                      27:18
                      Senator Eaton
                      27:28
                      The Rats Leaving a Falling House
                      28:50
                      Calhoun and Nullification
                      29:33
                      John C. Calhoun of South Carolina
                      29:40
                      Nullification
                      30:04
                      Tariff of Abominations
                      30:20
                      Sectional Controversy
                      31:15
                      Nullification Crisis
                      31:45
                      Preserve Federal Union
                      32:54
                      A Force Bill
                      33:45
                      Compromise Reached
                      34:09
                      Henry Clay
                      34:14
                      Passed the Compromise and Force Bill
                      34:33
                      Nullification of the Tariffs
                      34:40
                      Example 1
                      35:09
                      Example 2
                      37:54
                      Jackson, The Removal of Native Americans and The Bank Veto

                      43m 48s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      “King” Jackson and Native Americans
                      2:01
                      Vetoed 12 Bills
                      2:45
                      Abusing Power
                      3:13
                      Land-Hungry Citizens
                      4:30
                      “King Jackson”
                      4:55
                      Attitudes Toward Native Americans
                      6:42
                      White Expansion
                      6:49
                      Get Rid of Indian Landholdings
                      7:26
                      Indian Removal Act
                      7:48
                      The “Five Civilized Tribes”
                      8:08
                      Cherokees
                      9:23
                      Southern Indians
                      10:11
                      Tribal Map in Southeast
                      10:37
                      The Indian Removal Act, 1830
                      11:00
                      The Resettlement of Many Thousands of American Indians
                      11:06
                      Bureau of Indian Affairs
                      11:28
                      The Black Hawk War
                      12:01
                      Chief Black Hawk
                      12:12
                      Last Battle
                      12:26
                      70 Indian Nation to Sign Treaties
                      13:02
                      Portrait of Black Hawk by Charles Bird King
                      13:26
                      Worcester v. Georgia in 1832
                      13:55
                      Worcester
                      15:27
                      Native American Sovereignty
                      15:54
                      The Rights of Tries to Remain Free from the State Government
                      16:11
                      Jackson's Response
                      16:54
                      Let the Court Enforce It
                      16:56
                      Removal Continued
                      17:26
                      Johnson v. McIntosh in 1823
                      17:32
                      Illinois and Pinakeshaw
                      17:50
                      Buy Land from Tribes not from Individuals
                      18:11
                      Indian Removal
                      18:33
                      Trail of Tears
                      20:07
                      Trail of Tears, a 1200 Mile Journey
                      20:44
                      The Seminole War
                      21:37
                      The Seminoles of Florida
                      21:55
                      The Struggle Dragged on for Years
                      22:18
                      Uprising in 1835
                      22:30
                      Osceola
                      23:24
                      “The Indians and Negroes Massacre the Whites in Florida, in January 1836”
                      23:30
                      Result of Removal
                      25:07
                      Less Hospitable Lands of the Mississippi
                      25:26
                      Disease or Exhaustion
                      26:37
                      Alien Environment
                      26:46
                      Jackson's Bank Veto
                      27:03
                      Most Powerful Financial Institution in the Nation
                      27:30
                      Nicholas Biddle
                      27:50
                      The “Soft Money” Faction
                      28:12
                      The Hard money Position
                      28:33
                      Henry Clay
                      29:56
                      Private Monopoly
                      30:19
                      Jackson's Second Term
                      31:13
                      Destroy the “Monster” Bank
                      31:26
                      Attorney General Roger B. Taney
                      31:56
                      Raising Interest Rates and Calling in Loans
                      32:10
                      Chronically Unstable Banking System
                      32:46
                      Jackson Cartoon
                      33:14
                      Jackson's Species Circular
                      35:52
                      Inflated Prices for Land and Various Goods
                      36:01
                      Specie Circular
                      36:12
                      The Panic of 1837
                      36:38
                      Example 1
                      37:41
                      Example 2
                      40:09
                      Democrats, Whigs, and the Second Party System

                      36m 37s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Taney Appointed to the Court
                      1:32
                      Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge
                      2:19
                      Promote General Happiness
                      2:44
                      Exercising a Monopoly
                      3:18
                      Expansion of Economic Opportunity
                      3:35
                      The Whigs Respond to the Democrats
                      4:03
                      Second Party System
                      5:14
                      Laissez-Faire Capitalism
                      5:53
                      Irish and German Catholics
                      6:35
                      Whig Ideology
                      6:52
                      Expanding the Power of the Federal Government
                      6:53
                      Supporters of Legislation
                      7:37
                      Anti-Mason Movement
                      8:10
                      The “Great Triumvirate”
                      8:20
                      Henry Clay
                      8:40
                      Daniel Webster
                      8:53
                      John Calhoun
                      9:01
                      Election of 1836
                      9:28
                      Van Buren
                      9:34
                      Nominating Four Candidates From Different Regions
                      10:14
                      An Affecting Scene in Kentucky
                      10:35
                      1836 Election Cartoon
                      12:48
                      Divided Leadership Affects 1836 Election
                      14:51
                      Martin Van Buren and Democrats
                      14:58
                      Individual Rights
                      15:05
                      The Failed Plan
                      15:22
                      The Panic of 1837
                      15:49
                      Distribution Act
                      16:45
                      Land Speculative Fever Resulted
                      16:54
                      Independent Treasury System
                      17:56
                      Image of the Panic of 1837
                      18:50
                      Depression of 1837
                      21:25
                      The Ideology of Artisan Republicanism
                      21:41
                      Unions to Bargain for Higher Wages
                      22:06
                      Closed Shops Agreements
                      22:23
                      Effects of the Depression
                      23:09
                      Prohibited “Conspiracies” in Restraint of Trade
                      23:12
                      The Democratic Party
                      24:22
                      Commonwealth v. Hunt in 1842
                      24:35
                      Peaceful Unions
                      24:50
                      Upheld the Rights of Workers
                      25:06
                      Ten-Hour Day for Federal Employees
                      25:30
                      Log Cabin Campaign of 1840
                      25:50
                      Penny Press
                      26:50
                      The Party of the Common People
                      27:30
                      William Henry Harrison
                      27:47
                      Log Cabin Campaign
                      28:02
                      Harrison Wins
                      28:24
                      234 V.S. 60 Electoral Votes
                      28:40
                      Re-Charter bank
                      29:19
                      Preemption Act of 1841
                      29:32
                      Foreign Policy Highlights
                      30:09
                      Caroline
                      30:23
                      Aroostook war
                      30:41
                      Creole
                      30:55
                      Webster-Ashburton Treaty
                      31:32
                      Extraterritoriality
                      31:53
                      Example 1
                      33:05
                      Example 2
                      35:36
                      Transcendentalists and the American Renaissance

                      37m 43s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Individualism
                      0:54
                      Alexis de Tocqueville
                      1:14
                      Individualism
                      1:48
                      Transcendentalism
                      3:12
                      Intellectual Movement
                      3:19
                      Individuality Self-Reliance and Nonconformity
                      3:48
                      Instincts and Emotion
                      4:32
                      Transcendentalists
                      4:55
                      Understanding
                      5:05
                      Transcend the Limits of the Intellect
                      5:22
                      Concord, MA
                      5:55
                      Images of Transcendentalists
                      6:07
                      Ralph Waldo Emerson
                      7:11
                      Leading Spokesman of this Movement
                      7:35
                      The American Scholar
                      8:31
                      Outpouring of First Class novel, Poetry and Essays
                      9:18
                      Original Relation with Nature
                      10:39
                      Ordinary Middle-Class Americans
                      10:56
                      New Industrial Society
                      11:35
                      Henry David Thoreau
                      12:04
                      Lives of Quiet Desperation
                      12:16
                      Self-Realization
                      12:34
                      Walden and Life in the Woods
                      13:10
                      Resistance to Civil Government
                      13:36
                      The Defense of Nature
                      16:34
                      The Rapid Economic Development
                      17:00
                      Inspiration and Spirituality
                      17:17
                      Gender Roles Redefined
                      17:49
                      Woman in the Nineteenth Century
                      17:59
                      Mystical Relationship with God
                      18:53
                      The Questioning of Gender Roles
                      19:23
                      Emergence of a Broad Array of Movement
                      19:49
                      Romanticism
                      19:57
                      Order and Control
                      20:33
                      Slavery Overshadowed
                      21:25
                      Romanticism and Nationalism
                      21:49
                      The Need to Improve the American Culture
                      21:55
                      Romanticism for Inspiration
                      22:05
                      Literature and the Quest for Liberation
                      22:19
                      Washington Irving's James Fenimore Cooper
                      22:59
                      Walt Whitman
                      23:43
                      Democracy, The liberation of the Individual and the Pleasures of the Flesh
                      24:04
                      Herman Melville
                      24:28
                      Strength of Individual Will
                      24:47
                      Edgar Allen Poe
                      25:09
                      BrookFarm: A Utopian Experiment
                      25:33
                      Nathaniel Hawthorne
                      25:35
                      Brook Farm
                      25:56
                      Form of Socialism
                      26:13
                      All Share in the Leisure
                      26:36
                      Southern Literature
                      27:40
                      Historical Romances of the Plantation System
                      27:50
                      William Gilmore Simms
                      28:13
                      The Lives of Ordinary People and Poor Whites
                      28:49
                      Mark Twain
                      29:09
                      American Landscape Painting
                      29:15
                      Hudson River School
                      29:25
                      Nature is the Source of Wisdom
                      29:50
                      Albert Bierstadt and Thomas Moran
                      30:45
                      Examples of Landscape Painting
                      30:53
                      Example 1
                      31:45
                      Example 2
                      34:08
                      Abolitionism

                      46m 20s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      Free Blacks Urge Others to “Elevate”
                      1:17
                      Social Uplift
                      1:19
                      Whites Led Mob Attack Against Blacks
                      3:25
                      Moderates and Extremists
                      3:48
                      The Antislavery Movement
                      4:04
                      American Colonization Society
                      4:15
                      Gradual Manumission of Slaves
                      4:48
                      Decline of Antislavery Movement
                      5:30
                      Abolitionists
                      5:36
                      Free African Americans
                      6:21
                      Threat of Being Kidnapped
                      7:10
                      Liberator
                      8:07
                      Moderate and Extreme Approaches
                      8:20
                      Advocating for Moderate Approach
                      8:29
                      Radical Abolitionists
                      8:56
                      Evangelical Christians
                      10:32
                      William Lloyd Garrison
                      11:01
                      Newspaper: Liberator
                      11:08
                      Reject Gradualism
                      12:42
                      New England Antislavery Society
                      13:04
                      David Walker
                      13:36
                      Walker's Appeal to the Colored Citizens
                      14:01
                      National Convention in Philly
                      15:10
                      Collective Equality for All Blacks
                      15:40
                      Nat Turner
                      16:06
                      Bloody Revolt in Southampton Country, Virginia
                      16:55
                      Turner's Men
                      17:40
                      The Virginia Legislature
                      19:30
                      Southern States Toughened their Slave Codes
                      20:00
                      The Underground Railroad
                      20:21
                      Frederick Douglass
                      23:10
                      Most Powerful Abolitionists and Orators
                      23:13
                      North Star in Rochester, NY
                      23:35
                      Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
                      24:35
                      Friend with Garrison
                      25:34
                      Douglass and the North Star
                      27:01
                      Other Evangelical Abolitionists
                      27:11
                      Theodore Dwight Weld
                      27:18
                      Angelina and Sarah Grimke
                      27:39
                      American Anti-Slavery Society
                      29:31
                      Sojourner Truth
                      29:56
                      Anti-Abolitionism
                      32:12
                      Backlash Against Abolitionist Movement
                      32:14
                      Prudence Crandall
                      32:56
                      Abolitionist Headquarters
                      33:27
                      Amistad
                      33:35
                      The Spanish Slave Vessel Amistad
                      33:39
                      Prigg v. PA
                      34:18
                      Federal Fugitive Slave Laws
                      34:47
                      Abolitionists and Politics
                      35:04
                      Ban Interstate Slave Trade and Abolish Slavery
                      35:10
                      Restrict the Use of Mail
                      35:28
                      The Liberty Party
                      35:55
                      James G. Birney
                      36:11
                      Free Soil
                      36:21
                      Women's Rights
                      37:38
                      Example 1
                      38:09
                      Example 2
                      40:46
                      Example 3
                      43:09
                      Women's Rights Movement and Antebellum Reform

                      46m 20s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      Education Reforms
                      1:05
                      Horace Mann
                      1:56
                      Reorganized the School System
                      2:25
                      Literacy Rate
                      2:54
                      Experimental Schools
                      5:17
                      Self-Realization
                      5:23
                      Perkins School
                      5:44
                      Social Value and Democratize the U.S.
                      6:03
                      Rehabilitation
                      6:19
                      The Asylum Movement
                      6:34
                      Dorothea Dix
                      6:45
                      The Rise of Feminism
                      8:09
                      Sarah and Angelina Grimke
                      9:11
                      Other Reformers
                      9:37
                      Married Women's Property Acts
                      10:09
                      Seneca Falls
                      10:40
                      Society of Friends
                      10:44
                      Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions
                      11:39
                      The Women's Right
                      13:11
                      Declaration of Sentiments
                      13:38
                      Quakers Influence Feminist Movement
                      14:36
                      Sexual Equality
                      14:47
                      Stanton Were Quakers
                      15:25
                      Lucy Stone
                      16:26
                      Emma Willard
                      17:08
                      Catherine Beecher
                      17:21
                      Feminist Style of Clothing
                      17:39
                      Bloomer
                      17:42
                      Amelia Bloomer
                      17:54
                      Example 1
                      18:54
                      Example 2
                      21:08
                      Example 3
                      23:30
                      Section 5: Period 5: 1844-1877
                      Manifest Destiny, Westward Expansion, And Increased Sectionalism

                      43m 51s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      Westward Expansion
                      3:17
                      Manifest Destiny
                      5:25
                      Penny Press
                      7:10
                      Empire of Liberty
                      7:50
                      John Gast's American Progress
                      8:05
                      Americans in Texas
                      10:03
                      Interested in Texas
                      10:14
                      American Immigration Into Texas
                      12:02
                      Stephen Austin
                      12:47
                      Revolt Broke Out
                      13:20
                      Stephen Austin: “The father of Texas” and Sam Houston, the First President of the Republic of Texas
                      13:36
                      Tensions between U.S. and Mexico
                      14:02
                      Legalize Slavery
                      14:10
                      Instability in Mexico
                      15:33
                      Independence of Texas
                      16:07
                      Battle of San Jacinto
                      16:20
                      U.S. Settlements and The Texas War of Independence
                      17:09
                      U.S. Annexation of Texas
                      17:09
                      Southern Democrats
                      17:38
                      Election of 1844
                      17:47
                      President martin Van Buren Refused
                      18:30
                      Main Battles in the Texas War of Independence
                      18:55
                      Oregon
                      19:51
                      U.S. and British Sovereignty
                      19:58
                      The Catholic Missionaries From Canada
                      20:30
                      Oregon Fever
                      20:55
                      A Measles Epidemic
                      21:32
                      Huge Westward Migration and Trails
                      21:50
                      Great Overland Trails
                      22:13
                      Gender Lines
                      23:26
                      Expansion Issue Politicized
                      23:37
                      The Election of 1844
                      23:39
                      President Tyler
                      23:48
                      James Polk
                      24:27
                      Fifty Four Forty or Fight
                      24:38
                      Compromise over Oregon And The Southwest
                      25:26
                      Border 49th Parallel
                      25:30
                      The Northern Border of Oregon
                      25:50
                      Zachary Taylor
                      26:13
                      The Mexican American War
                      26:30
                      Map of the U.S.-Mexican War
                      26:43
                      U.S.-Mexican War
                      28:30
                      John Slidell
                      28:34
                      Whig Critics
                      28:54
                      Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
                      29:19
                      Mexican Cession
                      29:42
                      Polk Supports Extending the Missouri Compromise Line
                      30:43
                      Banning Slavery North of the Line and Permitting it South of the Line
                      31:19
                      Popular Sovereignty
                      31:31
                      The Sectional Debate Heats Up
                      31:41
                      Polk's Expansionist Agenda
                      32:05
                      The Wilmot Proviso
                      32:44
                      A Threat to Republican Liberties and White Yeoman Farming
                      33:38
                      Dissent and Divergence
                      34:08
                      Dissenter of the U.S.-Mexican War
                      34:27
                      Frederick Douglass
                      35:46
                      Diverging Views of Douglass and Garrison
                      36:46
                      Example 1
                      37:32
                      Example 2
                      40:54
                      Example 3
                      41:50
                      The Expansion of Slavery and Resistance to its Expansion

                      1h 5m

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:09
                      Election of 1848
                      1:10
                      Free-Soil Party
                      2:04
                      Taylor Won
                      2:38
                      Antislavery Democrats: “ Barnburners”
                      2:54
                      The California Gold Rush
                      4:26
                      Increased in Non-Native American Population
                      5:39
                      Forty-Niners
                      5:56
                      Chinese Migrants
                      6:38
                      The California Gold Rush Images and Map
                      7:27
                      California and Gold Rush Map
                      9:41
                      Effects of the Gold Rush
                      10:34
                      A Labor Shortage
                      10:36
                      Indian Hunters
                      11:17
                      Heterogeneous Population
                      11:50
                      Rising Sectional Differences
                      12:05
                      The Balance of Slave and Free States
                      12:12
                      Personal Liberty Laws and Fugitive Slave Laws
                      12:34
                      A Series of Compromises
                      13:14
                      Compromise of 1850
                      13:30
                      Fillmore
                      14:48
                      California Join the Union as a Free State
                      14:55
                      Fugitive Slave Law
                      15:17
                      Temporarily Preserved the Union
                      16:37
                      Map of the Compromise of 1850
                      16:43
                      Crisis of the 1850s
                      17:39
                      Franklin Pierce
                      17:45
                      Young America
                      19:59
                      The Ostend Manifesto
                      19:24
                      Railroads, Slavery, and Sectionalism
                      20:02
                      Westward Expansion
                      20:11
                      Better Communication
                      20:28
                      Gadsen Purchase
                      20:50
                      Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
                      21:45
                      Popular Sovereignty
                      22:03
                      Missouri Compromise was Repealed
                      23:01
                      A Scramble of Pro- and Anti-slavery Settlers
                      23:42
                      Republican Party
                      24:05
                      Anti-Nebraska Dems
                      24:25
                      Map of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
                      24:48
                      Bleeding Kansas
                      25:39
                      Pro-Slavery Forces
                      26:23
                      Free-Staters
                      26:29
                      President Pierce
                      26:51
                      John Brown
                      28:16
                      Pottawatomie Massacre
                      28:42
                      Tragic Prelude
                      29:04
                      Charles Summer's “The Crime Against Kansas”
                      30:46
                      Free-Soil Ideology
                      32:40
                      Northern Whites Believed that Slavery was Dangerous
                      32:52
                      Antithesis of Democracy
                      33:57
                      The Free Soil Party
                      34:34
                      A Critical View: “The Hurly-Burly Pot”
                      34:55
                      The Pro-Slavery Argument
                      37:52
                      Uncle Tom's Cabin
                      37:58
                      The Pro-Slavery Argument
                      38:37
                      Superior Southern Way of life
                      39:03
                      “Cotton is King”
                      39:19
                      Election of 1856
                      39:51
                      John Fremont
                      40:13
                      Increasing the Support of the Republican Party
                      41:17
                      Sectionalism of the Realigned Political Parties
                      42:14
                      A Surge in Nativism
                      42:26
                      Nativism
                      43:13
                      The American Party
                      44:11
                      Know-Nothing Party
                      44:20
                      The Dred Scott Decision
                      44:16
                      An Army Surgeon
                      45:04
                      Circuit Court
                      45:26
                      John Sanford
                      45:29
                      Chief Justice Taney's Stance
                      46:28
                      No Claim to Citizenship
                      46:35
                      The MO Compromise
                      47:33
                      Great Controversy
                      47:48
                      Deadlock Over Kansas
                      48:11
                      Buchanan Timidly Endorsed the Dred Scott Case
                      48:18
                      Lecompton Constitution
                      48:28
                      Buchanan Pressured Congress
                      48:55
                      KS as a Free State
                      49:18
                      Significant Congressional Election of 1858
                      49:28
                      Sectional Crisis
                      49:36
                      Lincoln-Douglas
                      50:30
                      House Divided
                      51:38
                      The Spread of Free Labor
                      53:03
                      The Rise of Lincoln
                      53:18
                      Freeport Doctrine
                      53:36
                      A National Following
                      54:47
                      Lost the Majority of Democrats of the House
                      55:10
                      Lincoln and Douglas
                      55:21
                      John Brown's Raid
                      55:34
                      John Brown's Statement
                      56:08
                      Seized a Mountain Fortress
                      56:50
                      Brown Surrendered
                      57:07
                      Example 1
                      57:40
                      Example 2
                      1:00:29
                      Example 3
                      1:02:25
                      The Civil War, Part 1

                      44m

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      The Election of 1860
                      1:53
                      Divided Democrats
                      2:45
                      A Free-Soil Platform
                      2:56
                      Momentous Consequences
                      3:58
                      Storming the Castle
                      4:26
                      The National Game, Three “Outs” and One “Run”
                      7:12
                      The Election of 1860 Voting Results
                      7:53
                      The Appeal of Abraham Lincoln
                      8:52
                      Reputation for Eloquence
                      9:02
                      Signal to White Southerners
                      9:36
                      Secession and the Fire-eaters
                      9:44
                      South Carolina Convention
                      9:48
                      Confederate States of America
                      10:18
                      Jefferson Davis
                      10:27
                      Buchanan's Response and the Crittenden Plan
                      10:39
                      Fort Sumter
                      11:30
                      The Crittenden Compromise
                      11:53
                      Constitutional Amendment
                      12:10
                      Extension of Missouri Compromise Line
                      12:25
                      Lincoln Inaugurated and In Command
                      12:49
                      Refuse the Extension of Missouri Compromise Line
                      13:05
                      Union Constituted Insurrection
                      13:49
                      The Upper South Chooses Sides
                      14:01
                      State Militiamen
                      14:14
                      Border States
                      14:50
                      Setting Wars Objectives and Strategies
                      15:41
                      Defense of Confederacy
                      15:45
                      Unconditional Surrender
                      16:09
                      George B. McClellan
                      16:50
                      Battle Of Shiloh
                      17:20
                      The Anaconda Plan
                      17:43
                      Blockading the Gulf of Mexico
                      18:40
                      Starve the South into Submission
                      18:48
                      Seizing the Mississippi River
                      19:07
                      The Defensive Strategy of the Confederacy
                      20:06
                      Strategy of the South
                      20:13
                      General Robert E. Lee
                      20:21
                      Problems with Military Generals for the Union
                      20:28
                      Confederate Army under “Stonewall” Jackson
                      21:12
                      Battle at Antietam Creek
                      21:50
                      Joseph Fighting Joe Hooker
                      22:57
                      Both Sides Forced Into “Total War”
                      23:11
                      The First Legally Binding Draft
                      24:03
                      Rich Man's War and a Poor Man's Fight
                      24:45
                      Unenforceable Southerners
                      25:02
                      The Union and Total War
                      25:15
                      The Union's Militia Act of 1862
                      25:20
                      German and Irish Immigrants
                      26:10
                      15000 Confederate Sympathizers
                      27:05
                      Draft Riots of 1863
                      28:06
                      Aftermath of Draft Riots
                      29:16
                      Riots in New York City
                      29:52
                      A Plea for Churches
                      29:55
                      Financial Relief
                      29:58
                      Medical Services During the War
                      30:42
                      The Union Army Medical Bureau
                      31:27
                      U.S. Sanitary Commission
                      31:36
                      Dorothea Dix
                      32:06
                      Women Participated in Military Duties
                      33:00
                      Women and the Civil War
                      33:15
                      Mobilizing Resources
                      34:00
                      Mass Production
                      34:11
                      King Cotton
                      34:55
                      Rebel Government as a Belligerent Power
                      35:05
                      Federal Subsidies for Railroads
                      35:48
                      The Homestead Act
                      36:10
                      Economic Differences
                      36:59
                      Less Coherent Economic Policy
                      37:03
                      Legal Tender Act of 1862
                      37:41
                      Inflation Increased
                      38:03
                      Example 1
                      38:32
                      Example 2
                      40:03
                      Example 3
                      42:15
                      The Civil War, Part 2

                      43m 47s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      The Road to Emancipation
                      1:50
                      Struggle Against Slavery
                      2:44
                      Contrabands
                      3:35
                      First Confiscation Act in 1861
                      4:28
                      Wilmot Proviso
                      5:17
                      Wilmot Proviso Map
                      5:30
                      Contrabands
                      5:49
                      Union Lines
                      5:52
                      Slavery Began to Disintegrate
                      6:03
                      Lincoln Plans to Emancipate
                      6:34
                      Second Confiscation
                      6:38
                      Initial Draft of Emancipation
                      7:10
                      Emancipation Proclamation
                      8:12
                      Urged Slaves to Abstain from all Violence
                      10:13
                      Freedom to Slaves!
                      10:25
                      Abe Lincoln's Last Card Or Rouge-et-Noir
                      12:31
                      Vicksburg and Gettysburg
                      14:09
                      Vicksburg
                      14:46
                      The Battle at Gettysburg
                      15:30
                      Davis Supporters
                      16:39
                      Gettysburg Address
                      17:09
                      Dedication of the Cemetery for the Union War Dead
                      17:40
                      New Birth of Freedom
                      17:48
                      A War for Union and Freedom
                      17:59
                      The Turning Point
                      20:35
                      Own Regiments
                      20:48
                      The Emancipation Proclamation
                      21:01
                      White Resistance to Conscription
                      21:22
                      Segregated Military
                      21:53
                      Ulysses S. Grant Charge
                      22:04
                      Ulysses S. Grant
                      22:15
                      Fight a Modern War
                      23:00
                      Union and Confederate Soldiers
                      23:33
                      Barren Waste
                      23:52
                      General Philip H Sheridan
                      23:57
                      The Definition of Conventional Warfare
                      24:08
                      African American Man Picks Up Skeletons
                      24:52
                      The Elections of 1864
                      25:29
                      Constitutional Amendment to Abolish Slavery
                      25:37
                      National Union Party
                      25:45
                      Map of the Election of 1864
                      26:45
                      Post-Election
                      27:18
                      Potential Invalidity of Emancipation Proclamation
                      27:30
                      Legality of Abolishing Slavery
                      27:53
                      Sherman's March
                      28:10
                      Accelerated the Pace of Emancipation
                      28:23
                      The 13th Amendment
                      28:33
                      General William Tecumseh Sherman
                      29:00
                      Sherman's March Map
                      29:12
                      The Aftermath of Sherman's March
                      30:17
                      Destruction brought by Sherman
                      30:20
                      Wreak Vengeance
                      30:45
                      A Manpower Shortage
                      30:58
                      Lee's Surrender at Appomattox Court House
                      31:11
                      Appomattox Court House
                      31:32
                      Cost of Victory
                      31:48
                      The Conquest of the South, 1861-1865
                      32:35
                      Casualties and Loss
                      33:10
                      The Lost of the South
                      33:32
                      Destroyed Cities
                      33:46
                      The Thirteenth Amendment Passed
                      34:14
                      Jurisdiction
                      35:07
                      Abolish Slavery
                      35:12
                      Example 1
                      36:19
                      Example 2
                      38:36
                      Example 3
                      41:33
                      Section 6: Period 6: 1865-1898
                      Reconstruction, Part 1

                      49m 57s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Reconstruction
                      1:32
                      Readmitting the Southern States
                      2:15
                      Bind Up the Nation's Wounds
                      4:27
                      Freedom Beyond Emancipation
                      5:24
                      Rebellious States
                      6:22
                      Presidential Reconstruction
                      6:29
                      Separation of Power
                      6:59
                      Ten Percent Plan
                      7:41
                      Lenient Policy
                      8:33
                      Congressional Reconstruction
                      9:37
                      Wade-Davis Bill
                      10:00
                      An Oath of Allegiance
                      10:13
                      Pocket veto
                      10:54
                      Lincoln Was Assassinated
                      11:34
                      Ford's Theater
                      11:45
                      The Four Co-conspirators
                      12:19
                      Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction
                      13:16
                      Andrew Johnson
                      13:25
                      Appointed Provisional Governors
                      14:56
                      Rejoining the Union
                      15:20
                      Black Codes and Backlash
                      15:34
                      Black Codes
                      16:10
                      Refuse to Admit the Southern Delegations
                      18:31
                      The Black Codes
                      19:08
                      Freedmen's Bureau
                      20:08
                      Lyman Trumbull
                      21:34
                      Securing the Civil Rights of the Freedmen
                      22:26
                      What Type of Labor System
                      22:52
                      Battles in the Sea Islands
                      22:56
                      True Freedom
                      23:52
                      Gang-Labor System
                      25:08
                      White Man's Government
                      25:33
                      White Supremacy
                      26:55
                      Turned to Washington
                      27:06
                      Congress Versus the President
                      27:17
                      Freedmen's Bureau Bill
                      27:24
                      Trumbull's Civil Rights Bill
                      27:39
                      14th Amendment to the Constitution
                      29:12
                      Fourteenth Amendment
                      29:24
                      All Persons Born or Naturalized in the United States
                      29:34
                      The Equal Protection of the Laws
                      29:53
                      Civil Rights Act
                      31:38
                      Johnson's Response
                      32:00
                      The Fourteenth Amendment Became a Campaign Issue
                      32:45
                      Waving the Bloody Shirt
                      32:57
                      The Civil Rights of Ex-Slaves
                      33:54
                      Radical Republicans
                      34:07
                      Party's Abolitionist Strain
                      34:21
                      Remaking Southern Society
                      35:55
                      Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner
                      36:52
                      The Reconstruction Act of 1867
                      36:54
                      Five Military Districts
                      37:12
                      Prewar Political Class
                      37:32
                      The Tenure of Office
                      37:48
                      Replace Edwin M. Stanton by General Ulysses S. Grant
                      38:18
                      Impeachment of Johnson
                      38:47
                      Impeachment
                      39:03
                      Tenure of Office Act
                      39:31
                      Horatio Seymour
                      40:31
                      Impeachment of Johnson, 1867
                      40:49
                      Example 1
                      41:22
                      Example 2
                      44:09
                      Example 3
                      47:15
                      Reconstruction, Part 2

                      50m

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Women's Suffrage Denied
                      1:24
                      Women's Suffrage
                      2:35
                      National Women's Suffrage Association
                      3:17
                      Modern Feminist Movement
                      3:37
                      Out in the Cold
                      3:57
                      Republican Rule in the South
                      5:38
                      Congressional Stipulations
                      5:57
                      Scalawags
                      6:47
                      Carpetbaggers
                      7:09
                      Martial Law in the South
                      8:36
                      The Republican Program
                      9:39
                      Black Officeholders
                      9:54
                      Modernized State Constitutions
                      10:04
                      Tax Assessors and Collectors
                      10:58
                      Republican Reconstruction
                      11:20
                      Public Credit Collapsed
                      11:26
                      Education as the Foundation
                      13:12
                      New African American Churches
                      13:31
                      African Americans Take a Greater Role in Politics
                      14:16
                      Greater Role in Politics
                      14:18
                      The Assemble will Demand Revenge
                      15:13
                      Robert Brown Elliot
                      15:47
                      African Americans in Government
                      16:15
                      Hiram Revels
                      16:26
                      Robert Smalls
                      16:32
                      Blanche K. Bruce
                      16:40
                      African American Majority
                      17:11
                      The Quest of Land
                      18:00
                      Overcome Poverty
                      18:20
                      Southern Homestead Act of 1866
                      19:15
                      Ex-Confederates
                      19:40
                      Sharecropping
                      20:04
                      Sharecropping
                      20:32
                      A Lien on the Crop
                      21:37
                      A Pretext for Peonage
                      21:54
                      Barrow Plantation
                      22:55
                      Ownership of Land after Reconstruction
                      23:55
                      Devastating to Southern Agriculture
                      24:29
                      Violence in the South: Backlash
                      25:02
                      Counterrevolution
                      25:35
                      A Threat to White Supremacy
                      26:33
                      Nathan Bedford Forrest
                      27:15
                      The KKK Act of 1871
                      28:13
                      Worse Than Slavery
                      28:36
                      One Vote Less
                      29:51
                      Democratic Backlash
                      30:21
                      Prosecuting the KKK
                      30:56
                      The Klan
                      31:02
                      Prosecuting Klansmen
                      31:40
                      Democrats Overthrew Republicans Government
                      32:51
                      The Undoing of Reconstruction
                      33:04
                      Redeemers
                      33:17
                      Massive Black Barbarism
                      33:53
                      The Civil Rights Bill
                      34:48
                      The End of Reconstruction
                      35:08
                      Selling Their Votes for Money
                      35:14
                      Refashioned Themselves as Liberals
                      35:48
                      Grant Turned a Blind Eye
                      36:45
                      Grant Wins and Scandals Ensue
                      37:11
                      Whiskey Ring
                      37:54
                      White House
                      38:07
                      Credit Mobiler
                      38:49
                      Depression
                      39:20
                      The Bankruptcy of the Northern Pacific Railway
                      39:28
                      Freedman's Savings and Trust Company
                      40:05
                      Lost its Moral Claim on the Country
                      40:39
                      Grantism
                      41:13
                      Scandal-Ridden Administration
                      41:18
                      Triumphant Foreign Tour
                      41:35
                      The Political Crisis of 1877
                      41:46
                      Home Rule
                      42:02
                      Disputed Votes to Hayes
                      42:45
                      Hayes was Inaugurated
                      43:03
                      The End of Reconstruction
                      43:23
                      Compromise of 1877
                      43:28
                      3 Rights-Defining Amendments
                      44:00
                      Example 1
                      45:01
                      Example 2
                      46:12
                      Example 3
                      47:52
                      The American West

                      58m 16s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      The U.S. Frontier and Industrialism
                      2:47
                      Post Civil War Republican Vision
                      4:05
                      Laissez-Faire Approach
                      5:04
                      Spread of American Industrialism Movement
                      6:50
                      The Great Plains and The West
                      7:05
                      Semiarid Great Plains
                      7:13
                      Arid West
                      7:20
                      Small Pox and Measles
                      7:43
                      Map of the U.S.
                      8:13
                      Native American Tribes and Lands Ceded
                      9:26
                      The Sioux
                      10:48
                      Antelope and Buffalo
                      11:03
                      Pawnees, Mandans and Euro-Americans
                      11:34
                      Westward Migration Into “Indian Country”
                      11:42
                      American Fever
                      12:24
                      Exodusters and Kansas
                      13:00
                      Union Pacific and Central Pacific
                      13:29
                      Telegraph Lines
                      13:56
                      Farming and Railroads in the West
                      14:05
                      Cattle Raising
                      14:06
                      New Technologies
                      15:22
                      Settlement of the Great Plains
                      16:37
                      The Transcontinental Railroad
                      17:03
                      Promontory Point, UT
                      17:18
                      Gold Rush in 1849
                      17:36
                      The Increase of Non-Native American Population
                      18:14
                      Hit the Trails
                      18:26
                      Chinese
                      18:48
                      Gold Rush and Cattle Ranching
                      19:18
                      Silver Mining and Other Industries
                      20:15
                      Open-Range Ranching
                      21:05
                      Long Drive
                      21:56
                      Cowboys and Buffalo Bill's Wild West
                      22:57
                      Buffalo Bill
                      23:22
                      The Wild West Show
                      23:56
                      Little Annie Oakley
                      24:40
                      The Wild West Show
                      25:59
                      Homesteaders and Homestead Act of 1862
                      27:24
                      Homestead Act of 1862
                      27:40
                      The U.S. Geological Survey
                      29:08
                      Department of the Interior
                      29:14
                      Farming and the Grange
                      29:23
                      Meat Packing Industry
                      29:41
                      National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry
                      31:07
                      Oliver H. Kelley
                      31:20
                      Montgomery Ward
                      31:41
                      Oliver Kelley, Founder of the Grange
                      32:13
                      Native Americans and the West
                      32:36
                      A Peace Commission in 1867
                      32:58
                      Bureau of Indian Affairs
                      33:30
                      Reservations
                      34:03
                      SW Dakota Territory
                      35:05
                      Apaches, Navajos and Utes
                      35:22
                      Fort Laramie Treaty
                      35:45
                      Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce
                      36:16
                      Battle of Little Big Horn
                      37:45
                      The Nez Perce
                      37:48
                      George Custer
                      38:37
                      Little Big Horn
                      38:54
                      Assimilation Polices
                      39:49
                      Education and Religious Indoctrination of American Indians
                      40:13
                      The Carlisle Boarding School
                      40:33
                      Helen Hunt Jackson
                      41:26
                      A Century of Dishonor
                      41:31
                      Helen Hunt Jackson and Dawes Severalty Act
                      42:03
                      Private Property and Severalty
                      42:17
                      The Dawes Act
                      43:07
                      Indian Education
                      43:37
                      The Ghost Dance
                      44:11
                      Native American Civilization
                      44:26
                      Wovoka
                      44:32
                      Wounded Knee, 1890
                      45:21
                      The Long War of Suppression of the Plains Indians
                      46:07
                      The End of Indian Wars
                      46:22
                      Railroad Workers, Miners and Cowboys
                      46:56
                      The Diverse West and California
                      47:12
                      The High Sierras
                      47:31
                      Asian Migration
                      47:48
                      The Six Companies
                      47:55
                      Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
                      48:10
                      Chinese Exclusion Act
                      48:43
                      Japanese Immigrants
                      49:10
                      Biased Anti-Chinese Imagery
                      49:34
                      Golden California
                      50:25
                      Mark Twain and Bret Harte
                      50:50
                      Southern Pacific Railroad
                      51:12
                      John Muir
                      51:26
                      Sierra Club
                      51:45
                      Public Parks Established
                      52:03
                      Rampant Overdevelopment
                      52:32
                      Yosemite Valley
                      52:38
                      Yellowstone Valley
                      52:47
                      Example 1
                      53:20
                      Example 2
                      55:48
                      The Rise of the Industrial U.S.

                      50m 27s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      The Age of Steel
                      2:37
                      The Bessemer Process
                      3:54
                      Andrew Carnegie
                      4:36
                      U.S. Steel Corporation
                      5:04
                      Andrew Carnegie
                      5:16
                      Rags to Riches
                      5:31
                      Vertical Integration
                      6:22
                      Carnegie Steel
                      6:53
                      Two Carnegeian Influential Ideologies
                      7:38
                      Social Darwinism
                      8:18
                      William Graham Sumner
                      10:37
                      Gospel of Wealth
                      11:07
                      Philanthropy
                      11:30
                      The Railroad Business
                      12:26
                      Increase of Railroad Construction
                      12:58
                      John Murray Forbes, Cornelius Vanderbilt and James Hill
                      13:52
                      Investment Banks
                      14:12
                      Map of Railroad Development
                      14:44
                      Corporate Consolidation
                      15:44
                      Scarcity of Jobs and Money
                      16:24
                      The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
                      17:53
                      Corporate Consolidation
                      18:38
                      Corporations
                      18:54
                      Corporation
                      19:03
                      Limited Liability
                      19:39
                      Dominated by a Few Individuals
                      20:36
                      Big Four
                      21:11
                      Cornelius Vanderbilt
                      21:40
                      Robber Baron
                      22:08
                      Horatio Alger
                      23:47
                      Synonym for Enormous Wealth and Excessive Corporate
                      24:42
                      “Modern Colossus of Roads” by Joseph Keppler in Puck in 1879
                      24:56
                      The Great Strike of 1877
                      25:28
                      Railroad Mogul
                      25:34
                      The Great Strike of 1877
                      25:47
                      Fall of Railroad Building
                      27:25
                      Manufacturing Output Increased
                      28:10
                      John D. Rockefeller
                      28:35
                      Black Gold
                      28:43
                      Horizontal Integration
                      29:36
                      Cut-Throat Competition
                      29:49
                      Vertical and Horizontal Integration
                      30:29
                      Gustavus Swift and Philip Armour's Meatpacking
                      31:45
                      Dominated Meatpacking
                      31:56
                      Refrigerator Cars
                      32:12
                      Other Businesses
                      32:31
                      Tobacco, Farm Machinery, Sewing Machine and Cereals
                      32:35
                      Cartels
                      32:44
                      Trusts
                      32:53
                      Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
                      33:50
                      The Basic Federal Antimonopoly Law
                      34:04
                      Congress Government Intervention in the Free Economy
                      34:43
                      United States v. E.C. Knight
                      35:52
                      Standard Oil Company v. United States
                      36:19
                      Laissez-Faire, and the Gilded Age
                      37:48
                      Laissez-Faire Approach
                      38:14
                      Industrial Giant
                      38:49
                      The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today
                      38:58
                      Democratic Vistas
                      39:43
                      Chromo Civilization
                      39:50
                      The Gilded Age
                      39:58
                      Glittery
                      40:09
                      Crass Corruption
                      40:27
                      Robber Barons: History Repeats Itself
                      41:26
                      Robber Barons
                      42:31
                      Example 1
                      43:13
                      Example 2
                      45:29
                      Example 3
                      46:53
                      Working People and the Labor Movement in the Gilded Age

                      38m 41s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      The World of Work
                      2:14
                      Farm Folk and Artisans
                      2:37
                      White-Collar Jobs
                      3:03
                      Negative Aspects of Urban Life
                      4:19
                      Outside Labor For Industries
                      5:13
                      Types of Jobs
                      6:53
                      Working Trends
                      8:10
                      Women Working More for Wages
                      8:24
                      Race, Ethnicity and Gender
                      9:04
                      Mechanized Jobs
                      9:43
                      Collective Bargaining
                      10:00
                      Immigration Affects the Working World
                      10:53
                      Huge Migration from the old World
                      11:04
                      Austrian, Hungarians and other Slavic People
                      11:20
                      The Labor Movement
                      12:09
                      The Knights of Labor
                      12:22
                      Cooperative Commonwealth
                      13:30
                      Social Reforms
                      13:55
                      Collective Bargaining and Closed Shops
                      14:02
                      Terence Powderly
                      14:16
                      Closed Shops
                      15:15
                      Open to all who Toiled
                      15:47
                      The Woman's Bureau of the Knights
                      15:55
                      The Knights Boycotted Against Gould
                      16:15
                      Boycott Against Unfair Employers
                      16:34
                      Jay Gould's Southwestern Railway System
                      16:39
                      Disorganized Strike
                      17:20
                      Haymarket Square Incident
                      17:38
                      Blamed on Anarchists
                      16:20
                      An Antiunion Hysteria
                      18:52
                      Yellow-Dog Contracts
                      19:30
                      The Knights of Labor
                      20:21
                      The AFL
                      20:28
                      American Federation of Labor
                      20:35
                      National Trade Unions
                      21:26
                      Bread and Butter Issues
                      21:39
                      Samuel Gompers
                      22:15
                      Samuel Gompers, Unions and Modern Strikes
                      22:53
                      Homestead Strike
                      24:21
                      Henry Frick
                      24:41
                      Put an End to Trade Unions in the Steel Industry
                      25:45
                      Pullman Strike
                      26:13
                      President Cleveland
                      26:57
                      Secondary Labor Boycott
                      27:16
                      Contempt of Court
                      28:24
                      In re Debs in 1895
                      28:50
                      The use of Injunctions against Strikes
                      29:04
                      Socialism and the American Socialist Party
                      29:15
                      The IWW
                      30:07
                      The Wobblies
                      30:13
                      Marxist Class Struggle
                      30:19
                      General Strike
                      30:27
                      Syndicalism
                      30:33
                      Influence of Socialism and Debs
                      31:06
                      Social Darwinists
                      31:28
                      Eugene Debs
                      32:02
                      Labor Unions
                      32:19
                      Example 1
                      33:02
                      Example 2
                      35:40
                      Example 3
                      37:09
                      Immigration, Urban, Culture and Politics

                      48m 51s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      Ward Politics and Political Bosses
                      0:56
                      Urban Political Machines
                      1:40
                      Tammany Hall in New York
                      1:56
                      Grassroots Constituency
                      3:10
                      Boss Tweed
                      4:30
                      The Political Machine and Corruption
                      5:34
                      George Plunkitt
                      7:13
                      Regular System
                      7:21
                      Honest Graft
                      7:43
                      Social Changes
                      10:54
                      Class Society
                      11:00
                      Increase in Suburbanization
                      11:25
                      American Woman's Home Journal
                      12:19
                      A Clash of Values
                      12:51
                      The Victorian Ideal of Domesticity
                      13:09
                      Clash of Victorian Ideas
                      13:59
                      Comstock Law
                      14:35
                      Religion and Secularism in the City
                      15:26
                      Orthodox Judaism
                      16:15
                      Catholic Church
                      17:25
                      Protestant Churches
                      18:04
                      Working-Class Culture and Journalism
                      19:10
                      Working-Class Culture
                      19:28
                      Joseph Pulitzer
                      20:05
                      Heart's New York Journal
                      20:14
                      The Higher Culture
                      21:58
                      The Corcoran Gallery of Art
                      22:12
                      Symphony Orchestras
                      22:53
                      Increase in Public Libraries
                      23:08
                      The Gilded Age
                      24:46
                      Ellis Island and Angel Island
                      25:31
                      Ellis Island
                      26:15
                      Angel Island
                      27:02
                      Paper Sons and Paper Daughters
                      28:00
                      The Immigrant Experience
                      28:36
                      “Old” and “New” Immigrants
                      31:12
                      Immigrant Challenges and Opportunities
                      32:06
                      Fraternal Organizations
                      32:34
                      Labor Force in Factories
                      35:25
                      Backlash Against Immigrants
                      35:57
                      The “Land of Milk and Honey”
                      37:18
                      Old Immigrants
                      38:05
                      Push and Pull
                      38:19
                      Immigration Cartoons
                      38:25
                      Urban Life: Technology Improves Life
                      39:49
                      New Forms of Transportation
                      40:25
                      Suburbs
                      40:45
                      Public-Works Programs
                      40:50
                      Skyscrapers and Subways
                      41:03
                      Frederick Law Olmsted's Central Park
                      41:18
                      Designed in 1860s
                      42:14
                      Inspired Other Parks
                      42:18
                      Urban Problems
                      42:29
                      Tenements
                      42:33
                      Poor Conditions
                      42:45
                      Example 1
                      43:32
                      Example 2
                      44:42
                      Example 3
                      45:57
                      The New South and The Farmers Mobilize

                      45m 21s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      Frontier Thesis
                      3:07
                      Jackson Turner
                      3:48
                      The Significance of the Frontier in American History
                      4:25
                      The Decline of the Dominance of Rural America
                      6:17
                      A “New South”
                      7:19
                      Economic Growth in the South
                      7:34
                      Henry Grady
                      8:31
                      Tax Exemptions
                      8:43
                      The “New South”
                      9:10
                      Poverty in the South
                      10:02
                      Mostly Agricultural
                      10:06
                      Lacked Technological Skills
                      10:17
                      Cycle of Poverty
                      10:46
                      George Washington Carver
                      11:09
                      Class, Race and Politics in the New South
                      11:50
                      Inequality
                      12:14
                      Redeemers
                      12:32
                      Gerrymandering
                      13:10
                      Readjusters
                      13:24
                      The Colored Farmers' Alliance
                      15:04
                      Discrimination and Jim Crow
                      15:21
                      White Man's Party and the Solid South
                      15:57
                      Problems at the Polls
                      16:17
                      Court Cases and Discrimination
                      18:09
                      Civil Rights Cases of 1883
                      18:44
                      Plessy v. Ferguson
                      19:11
                      Williams v. Mississippi
                      21:42
                      Civil Rights Activists Fight Back
                      22:22
                      Boycotts of Streetcars
                      22:48
                      Ida Wells-Barnett's Anti-Lynching Campaign
                      23:03
                      Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois
                      24:33
                      Farmers Face Problems
                      25:11
                      Grange Movement
                      25:41
                      The Farmers' Alliances
                      26:14
                      The National Alliance
                      26:48
                      The Populist Movement
                      27:44
                      A Catalyst for Political Crisis
                      28:25
                      A Class Ideology
                      29:13
                      Omaha Convention
                      29:44
                      The Texas Alliance's Subtreasury Plan
                      30:03
                      Women Populists
                      30:37
                      Populist Movement
                      30:48
                      Raise Less Corn and More Hell
                      30:56
                      Election of 1862 Map
                      31:18
                      The Texas Alliance's Subtreasury System
                      32:09
                      Public Warehouse
                      32:26
                      Subtreasury
                      32:40
                      Rejected by the Democrats
                      33:05
                      Railroad Regulations
                      33:23
                      Munn v. Illinois
                      33:57
                      For the Common Good
                      34:22
                      Richard B. Olney and Roscoe Conkling
                      34:46
                      Replaced by Judges with Pro-Business Records
                      34:58
                      The Wabash Case
                      35:08
                      Infringed on the Exclusive power of Congress
                      35:27
                      Only the Federal Government Could Regulate Railroads
                      36:21
                      The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
                      36:32
                      The Interstate Commerce Act of 1886
                      36:39
                      ICC
                      36:41
                      Harrison, Cleveland and McKinley
                      38:12
                      Ineffective for the First 20 Years
                      38:23
                      Example 1
                      38:44
                      Example 2
                      40:51
                      Example 3
                      43:06
                      Politics of the Gilded Age

                      48m 1s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Campaign Strategy of “Do-Little” Government
                      2:46
                      Close Elections
                      3:30
                      Campaigning
                      4:30
                      Senator Roscoe Conkling
                      5:53
                      Waving the Bloody Shirt
                      6:40
                      Big City Political Machines
                      6:58
                      Presidential Politics
                      7:24
                      Rutherford B. Hayes
                      7:28
                      James Garfield
                      8:31
                      The Great Presidential Puzzle
                      9:58
                      Roscoe Conkling
                      10:01
                      James A. Garfield
                      10:27
                      Presidential Politics
                      10:42
                      Chester A. Arthur
                      10:46
                      Pendleton Act
                      11:08
                      Grover Cleveland
                      11:59
                      Grover the Good
                      12:10
                      Another President Who Had a Rise in the World
                      13:11
                      The Toe-Path to the White House
                      13:16
                      New York Customs House
                      13:19
                      The Politics of the Status Quo
                      13:53
                      The Pendleton Act
                      14:11
                      Civil Service Commission
                      14:16
                      Excise Tax and tariff
                      14:47
                      Cultural Politics and the People
                      15:29
                      Politics Became a Form of Entertainment
                      15:51
                      Party Loyalty
                      15:54
                      Ethnocultural Issues
                      16:25
                      Republican Factions
                      16:47
                      Stalwarts
                      17:18
                      Roscoe Conkling's Faction
                      17:24
                      Half-breeds
                      17:41
                      James G Blaine
                      17:47
                      Blaine Covered in Scandals
                      18:14
                      Mugwumps
                      20:14
                      Mugwumps
                      20:27
                      Fence-Sitters
                      21:11
                      The Adoption of the Secret Ballot
                      21:40
                      Images of Mugwumps
                      21:54
                      Grover Cleveland
                      23:18
                      First Democrat
                      23:23
                      Treasury Crisis
                      23:50
                      The Money Question
                      24:29
                      Sound-Money
                      24:38
                      An Era of Chronic Deflation
                      25:02
                      Bland-Allison Act of 1878
                      25:14
                      Coxey's Army
                      25:46
                      Jacob Coxey
                      25:48
                      The Creation of Government Jobs
                      26:33
                      The Issus of Government Bonds
                      26:53
                      Assist the Unemployed
                      26:59
                      Women and Politics
                      27:49
                      National American Woman Suffrage Association
                      28:34
                      State Campaigns
                      29:06
                      Separate Spheres
                      29:38
                      Women and Temperance
                      30:31
                      Woman's Christian Temperance Union
                      30:34
                      Frances Willard
                      31:00
                      Carry Nation
                      32:01
                      Prohibition Supporters
                      32:39
                      Election of 1896
                      33:21
                      Wilson-Gorman Tariff of 1894
                      34:20
                      J.P. Morgan
                      34:35
                      William Jennings Bryan
                      35:07
                      Bryan's “Cross of Gold” Speech
                      35:41
                      The Democratic Silver Campaign
                      36:07
                      The Paralyzing Equilibrium
                      37:22
                      “Cross of Gold” Speech
                      37:50
                      Laboring Interests
                      38:00
                      The Toilers
                      38:02
                      Election of 1892 and 1896
                      38:43
                      McKinley's Consolidation
                      39:12
                      Republican Dominance in National Politics
                      39:43
                      Example 1
                      40:14
                      Example 2
                      42:55
                      Example 3
                      45:12
                      Section 7: Period 7: 1890 - 1945
                      Progressive Era, Part 1

                      45m 1s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      Progressivism
                      1:23
                      Social Justice
                      2:27
                      Industrialization or Urbanization
                      3:32
                      Corrupt Government Officials
                      4:02
                      Urban Middle Class
                      4:29
                      Jane Addams and Hull House
                      4:48
                      Jane Addams
                      4:58
                      Hull House
                      5:06
                      A New Sense of Urgency
                      5:25
                      Alleviate Social Problems
                      5:34
                      Settlement Movement
                      5:51
                      Progressive Ideas
                      6:33
                      William James
                      7:19
                      Walter Rauschenbusch
                      8:05
                      Muckrakers
                      8:36
                      Muckrakers
                      9:53
                      McClure's and Collier's
                      10:07
                      New Kind of Reform
                      10:19
                      Progress and Poverty
                      10:48
                      Effects of Laissez-Faire Economics
                      11:04
                      Inequalities Wealth
                      11:13
                      Looking Backward
                      11:28
                      A Cooperative Society
                      11:37
                      Greater Government Regulation
                      11:47
                      How the Other Half Lives
                      12:01
                      Jacob A. Riis
                      12:04
                      A Danish Immigrant
                      12:06
                      Immigrant Ghettoes
                      12:23
                      Women Progressives
                      13:17
                      Humanitarian Work
                      13:22
                      Josephine Shaw Lowell
                      13:28
                      National Consumers' League
                      14:10
                      A Wave for Protective Laws
                      15:07
                      Louis D. Brandeis
                      15:30
                      The People's Attorney
                      15:38
                      Brandeis Brief
                      16:17
                      Supreme Court Justice
                      17:37
                      Other Female Reformers
                      17:47
                      Margaret Sanger
                      17:52
                      American Birth Control League
                      18:23
                      National Association of Colored Women
                      18:42
                      National Women's Trade Union League
                      18:57
                      Suffrage Movement
                      19:22
                      The National Woman's Party
                      19:56
                      Woman Suffrage Association
                      20:54
                      The 19th Amendment
                      21:17
                      Images of Suffrage Movement
                      21:45
                      Urban Liberalism
                      22:02
                      The Needs of the Poor
                      22:08
                      Voluntarism
                      23:02
                      The Industrial Hazards and Accidents
                      23:35
                      Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
                      23:49
                      New York State Factory Commission
                      26:31
                      Tammany
                      27:10
                      Cultural Pluralism Embattled
                      27:32
                      Progressive Goal
                      28:35
                      The Anti-Saloon League
                      29:01
                      Populist Ideas Implemented Into Politics
                      30:05
                      The Direct Primary
                      31:12
                      Initiative
                      31:30
                      Referendum
                      31:35
                      Recall
                      31:50
                      From the State to the Federal Level
                      32:09
                      Progressive Governors
                      32:43
                      Robert La Follette
                      32:55
                      Hiram Johnson
                      33:17
                      Theodore Roosevelt
                      33:29
                      Woodrow Wilson
                      33:39
                      Progressivism and National Politics
                      33:54
                      Teddy Roosevelt
                      35:08
                      Dakota Territory
                      35:22
                      Teddy Roosevelt
                      35:38
                      Civil Service Commission
                      35:47
                      Secretary of the Navy
                      35:50
                      Rough Riders
                      36:15
                      Trust Buster
                      36:37
                      Square Deal
                      36:38
                      Example 1
                      36:53
                      Example 2
                      40:20
                      Example 3
                      43:07
                      Progressive Era, Part 2

                      38m 58s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:04
                      TR's Square Deal, 1901-1909
                      1:04
                      Taking Advantage of Small Business
                      1:21
                      Trustbusting and Regulating
                      1:51
                      Coal Strike in 1902
                      2:34
                      Regulating the Railroads
                      3:16
                      Interstate Commerce Commission
                      3:20
                      Elkins Act in 1903
                      4:03
                      Hepburn Act in 1904
                      4:17
                      Regulating Food Industry
                      4:45
                      The Jungle
                      5:02
                      The Meat Inspection Act in 1906
                      7:26
                      The Pure Food and Drug Act and FDA
                      7:38
                      Slaughterhouse
                      8:11
                      The “Trust Buster”?
                      8:42
                      Bad Trusts
                      9:47
                      Good Trusts
                      9:54
                      Other Regulations
                      11:04
                      Sherman Antitrust Act
                      11:32
                      The Bureau of Corporations
                      12:02
                      Northern Securities Company
                      12:14
                      Standard Oil, American Tobacco and DuPont
                      12:41
                      Teddy's gentlemen's Agreement
                      13:06
                      Trans-Missouri Decision
                      13:19
                      Gentlemen's Agreement
                      14:36
                      The Infant Hercules and the Standard Oil Serpents
                      14:52
                      Environmental Regulations
                      15:02
                      Environmentalist or Conservationist
                      15:14
                      National Parks
                      15:22
                      Rational Use of Gifford Pinchot
                      15:51
                      National Reclamation Act
                      16:31
                      Republican Progressives Fracture
                      16:53
                      William Howard Taft
                      17:19
                      Payne-Aldrich Act
                      17:46
                      Whistle-Blowing on a Conspiracy
                      18:23
                      Joseph Cannon
                      18:42
                      Congress's Leading Conservative
                      19:01
                      Dictator
                      19:06
                      The Progressive Faction
                      19:14
                      Dissident Faction
                      19:29
                      Progressives or Insurgents
                      19:31
                      Standard Oil
                      19:51
                      Pursued Monopolies
                      20:46
                      Progressive Amendments Under Taft
                      20:54
                      16th Amendment
                      21:16
                      17th Amendment
                      21:20
                      Roosevelt Strikes Back
                      21:36
                      New Nationalism
                      21:38
                      Child Labor Law
                      21:53
                      Strong As a Bull Moose
                      22:10
                      Civil Rights Movement Heats Up
                      22:21
                      Booker T. Washington
                      22:38
                      Atlanta Compromise
                      23:10
                      W.E.B. Du Bois
                      23:41
                      The Soul of Black Folk
                      24:06
                      Niagara Movement
                      24:58
                      William Monroe Trotter
                      25:03
                      Niagara Falls
                      25:15
                      Comprehensive Education
                      25:30
                      The NAACP
                      25:45
                      The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
                      25:53
                      Challenge Unfair Laws
                      26:09
                      The Urban League
                      26:31
                      Providing Welfare to Black Migrants
                      26:45
                      A Network Created
                      27:06
                      Woodrow Wilson's “New Freedom”
                      27:25
                      A Middle Way that Bears the Powers Of Government
                      27:42
                      Place Strict Government Controls on Corporation
                      28:13
                      New Freedom
                      28:20
                      Triple Wall of Privilege
                      28:26
                      The Underwood Tariff Act of 1913
                      28:38
                      Federal Reserve Act of 1913
                      29:07
                      The Federal Trade Commission
                      29:34
                      The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914
                      30:00
                      The Federal Farm Loan Act
                      30:54
                      A Federal Child Labor Law
                      31:06
                      Example 1
                      31:18
                      Example 2
                      33:18
                      Example 3
                      36:20
                      Example 4
                      37:36
                      The U.S. Becomes a World Power

                      56m 1s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      The Roots of U.S. Imperialism
                      2:12
                      Abandon the Policy of Neutrality
                      4:00
                      Upgraded Navy
                      5:04
                      The Influences of Sea Power Upon History
                      5:16
                      Latin America and Asia
                      8:38
                      Economics Interests
                      8:54
                      Extractive Economies
                      9:10
                      Natural Resources and Raw Material
                      9:49
                      GDP Quadrupled and Businesses
                      10:09
                      Imperialist Nations
                      11:09
                      The Economy of Expansion
                      11:40
                      The Purchase of Alaska
                      13:19
                      William Seward
                      13:45
                      Natural Resources
                      14:19
                      U.S. In Asia and in the Pacific
                      15:05
                      Commodore Matthew Perry
                      15:14
                      Hawaiian Islands
                      16:46
                      Midway Islands
                      16:56
                      Pearl Harbor
                      17:25
                      Perry's Squadron in Japan
                      17:31
                      U.S. Possessions in the Pacific
                      17:54
                      The U.S. Annexes Hawaii
                      19:05
                      Sugar Plantations
                      19:32
                      Voting Rights
                      19:39
                      McKinley Tariff
                      20:14
                      An official U.S. Territory
                      21:41
                      William McKinley and Imperialist Influences
                      22:55
                      Assistant Secretary of the Navy
                      24:34
                      Henry Cabot Lodge
                      24:45
                      William Jennings Bryan and Grover Cleveland
                      25:51
                      Causes of Spanish-American War
                      26:10
                      Spain as a Declining Imperial Power
                      26:32
                      Cuban Independence Movement
                      27:42
                      Guerilla Tactics
                      28:00
                      Yellow Journalism
                      28:52
                      Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst
                      29:11
                      Yellow Press
                      29:18
                      The Maine
                      30:47
                      Hearst and Pulitzer
                      31:03
                      Cartoon of Hearst and Pulitzer
                      31:04
                      You Furnish the Pictures, and I'll furnish the war
                      31:49
                      Jingoism
                      32:08
                      Maine Blows Up
                      32:32
                      War with Spain
                      33:19
                      Remember the Maine
                      33:20
                      The Teller Amendment
                      33:36
                      Enlisted in the Army
                      34:15
                      The Duty of the Hour
                      34:36
                      Spanish-American Cuban War
                      35:54
                      Two Theaters of War
                      37:18
                      Commodore Dewey
                      37:20
                      The Rough Riders
                      37:46
                      Deaths in the War
                      38:17
                      Battle of San Juan Hill
                      38:38
                      Treaty of Paris and Aftermath
                      38:51
                      The U.S. bought Philippines
                      39:04
                      An Imperial Power
                      40:18
                      Splendid Little War
                      40:48
                      U.S. Foreign Policy
                      41:17
                      Anti-Imperialist concerns
                      41:39
                      Filipinos Rebel Against U.S. Rule
                      43:36
                      Emilio Aguinaldo
                      43:58
                      An Insurrection Against U.S. Rule
                      44:26
                      Death in the Fighting
                      44:52
                      U.S. Policy in Puerto Rico and Cuba
                      45:32
                      Puerto Rico
                      45:40
                      The Foraker Act
                      45:51
                      Insular Cases
                      46:58
                      The Jones-Shafroth Act
                      47:29
                      The Platt Amendment
                      47:56
                      The Platt Amendment
                      48:07
                      Lease Naval Stations to U.S.
                      48:36
                      Cuban Constitution
                      49:14
                      Example 1
                      50:01
                      Example 2
                      51:18
                      Example 3
                      53:21
                      U.S. Foreign Policy Under Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft, and Woodrow Wilson

                      47m 55s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      1:06
                      Roosevelt's “Big Stick” Policy
                      2:21
                      Strong Military Action
                      4:35
                      Civilize or Uplift Weaker Nations
                      5:00
                      Anglo-American Friendship
                      5:42
                      Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick
                      6:45
                      The U.S. Builds the Panama Canal
                      7:57
                      Ferdinand de Lesseps
                      8:08
                      Panama Route
                      9:16
                      Declared its Independence
                      9:25
                      Canal Zone
                      9:38
                      The Panama Canal
                      9:52
                      Commanding Commercial and Strategic Position
                      10:12
                      Control Malaria
                      10:41
                      Combat Several Tropical Diseases
                      11:04
                      Panama Canal
                      11:24
                      Roosevelt Corollary
                      11:47
                      Age of Economic Imperialism
                      12:11
                      Police Power
                      13:25
                      Latin Americans' Reactions
                      14:34
                      Aggressive Form with Mr. Roosevelt
                      15:27
                      Sovereignty and Liberty of Nicaraguans
                      15:33
                      U.S. Pursues Interests in China
                      16:10
                      Spheres of Influence
                      17:34
                      Secretary of State John Hay
                      18:35
                      Spheres of Influence
                      19:05
                      Chinese Response to Imperialism
                      20:24
                      The Boxer Rebellion
                      20:42
                      Western Devils
                      21:28
                      U.S. and Japanese Troops
                      21:55
                      Hay Reaffirms the Open Door Policy
                      22:26
                      Support Chinese Students
                      22:37
                      A Trade Relationship
                      22:57
                      Scholarships for Chinese Students
                      23:02
                      Tensions Between U.S. and Japan Rise
                      23:36
                      The Spheres of Influence in China
                      23:44
                      A Peace Treaty
                      24:17
                      The Root-Takahira Agreement of 1900
                      25:02
                      Anti-Asian Backlash in the U.S.
                      25:21
                      Prejudice Against Asian-Americans
                      26:09
                      Gentlemen's Agreement
                      26:58
                      Taft's Dollar Diplomacy
                      27:18
                      Increase U.S. Investments in Businesses
                      27:51
                      The Rationale
                      28:36
                      Chinese Revolution
                      29:17
                      Woodrow Wilson Shifts the Foreign Policy
                      29:52
                      Anti-Imperialist William Jennings Bryan
                      30:57
                      Moral Diplomacy
                      31:17
                      Agreement with Haiti
                      32:15
                      Dominican Republic and Mexico
                      32:35
                      U.S. and Mexican Revolution
                      32:43
                      Caudillos and Coup d'etats
                      33:46
                      Counsel Mexico for its Own Good
                      34:47
                      Venustiano Carranza
                      35:08
                      U.S. “Punitive Expedition”
                      35:50
                      Francisco Poncho Villa and Emiliano Zapata
                      35:58
                      Punitive Expedition
                      37:10
                      Tension Were Brewing in Europe
                      37:55
                      Triple Alliance and Dual Alliance
                      38:24
                      Triple Entente
                      38:44
                      The Apostle of Peace
                      39:50
                      Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
                      40:13
                      International Efforts for Peace
                      40:29
                      Hague Peace Conference of 1899
                      40:31
                      Erosion of the Nation's Sovereignty
                      40:47
                      Cooling Off Treaties
                      40:59
                      Example 1
                      41:32
                      Example 2
                      43:33
                      Example 3
                      46:03
                      The Great War

                      45m 12s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Causes of the Great War
                      0:47
                      A Brutal War Between European Nations
                      2:32
                      Franco-Prussian War
                      3:02
                      Nationalism
                      3:28
                      Europe Map, 1914
                      4:40
                      Assassination Hurtles Europe Toward WW1
                      6:11
                      Archduke Francis Ferdinand
                      6:24
                      Young Bosnia
                      7:57
                      Kaiser William II
                      8:41
                      Fighting Breaks Out
                      8:56
                      Ultimatum
                      9:07
                      Austria-Hungary Declares War
                      9:22
                      Pan-Slavism
                      9:26
                      Trench Warfare and Deadly Weapons
                      10:28
                      No Man's Land
                      11:32
                      War of Attrition
                      11:47
                      Western Front
                      12:09
                      Modern Weapons
                      12:47
                      Wilson Urges For Neutrality
                      13:09
                      U.S. Exceptionalism
                      13:29
                      Isolationists, Interventionists and the Internationalists
                      15:10
                      Key Events in 1915 and 1916
                      15:57
                      No Longer Attack Passenger Ships Without Warning
                      16:17
                      German Invasion of Neutral Belgium
                      16:29
                      A Slim Margin
                      17:03
                      Early Anti-War Sentiments
                      17:30
                      Domestic Divisions
                      17:40
                      Cancellation of Irish Home Rule
                      17:48
                      Robert La Follette of Wisconsin and George Norris of NE
                      18:08
                      Andrew Carnegie and Henry Ford
                      18:59
                      Pro-War Propaganda
                      19:08
                      Wilson Abandons Neutrality
                      20:43
                      Blockade Against Britain
                      20:48
                      Lusitania
                      21:13
                      Sussex
                      22:30
                      The National Defense Act
                      22:48
                      The Naval Construction Act
                      22:52
                      Sinking of Lusitania
                      23:00
                      The Zimmermann Note
                      23:27
                      Germans Proposed an Alliance with Mexico
                      23:39
                      Intercepted Telegram
                      23:58
                      Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
                      24:07
                      The Home Front
                      24:21
                      The Lives of Ordinary Americans
                      24:58
                      Conscription
                      25:10
                      Doughboys
                      25:46
                      Slackers
                      25:53
                      We Want You!
                      26:03
                      Wartime Economy
                      27:24
                      War Industries Board
                      28:15
                      Bernard Baruch
                      28:26
                      The Food Administration
                      28:47
                      The Committee on Public Information
                      29:18
                      George Creel Directed the CPI
                      30:02
                      More Propaganda Posters and Songs
                      31:12
                      Opposition and Hope For Minorities
                      33:57
                      Conscientious Objectors
                      34:19
                      Women's Peace Party
                      34:39
                      The Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
                      34:46
                      Segregated Regiments
                      35:25
                      Crackdown on Dissent
                      37:28
                      Espionage Act
                      38:18
                      The Sedition Act
                      38:46
                      Example 1
                      39:39
                      Example 2
                      40:39
                      Example 3
                      42:50
                      The End of the Great War, Its Effect, and The Interwar Period

                      40m 27s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:08
                      The War Changes U.S. Society
                      1:02
                      More Opportunities for Women
                      2:15
                      American Women's Hospital Service
                      2:50
                      The Great Migration
                      4:07
                      Race Riots
                      4:19
                      Barrios
                      4:44
                      Protesters Finally Reach Their Goal
                      4:52
                      Great Migration
                      5:32
                      Wilson , War and Peace
                      6:46
                      Entering the War
                      6:50
                      Convoying
                      8:21
                      Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
                      9:07
                      The End of the War
                      9:48
                      Eddie Rickenbacker
                      9:55
                      Compiegne, France
                      10:47
                      Casualties
                      11:10
                      Armistice
                      11:23
                      “Peace Without Victory”
                      11:59
                      The Morality of the Allied
                      12:11
                      Fourteen Points
                      12:47
                      League of Nations
                      13:55
                      Paris Peace Conference
                      14:26
                      Paris Peace Conference
                      14:32
                      A Peace Settlement that Punished Germany
                      14:40
                      War Guilt
                      14:52
                      The League of Nations as Part of the Treaty
                      16:02
                      Map, 1918
                      16:37
                      Many U.S. Citizens Reject Treaty
                      17:45
                      Irreconcilables
                      17:54
                      Reservationists
                      18:27
                      Article X viewed as Unconstitutional
                      18:48
                      The Aftermath of the War
                      20:04
                      Isolationism
                      20:20
                      Red Scare
                      20:58
                      A Creditor Nation
                      22:32
                      Schenck v. United States, 1919
                      22:42
                      Violation of the Espionage Act
                      22:58
                      Justice Wendell Holmes
                      22:41
                      Tools for Suppression
                      24:04
                      Stamping Out Radicalism
                      24:29
                      International Workers of the World
                      24:39
                      Eugene Debs
                      24:58
                      Emma Goldman
                      25:16
                      Margaret Sanger
                      25:37
                      Federal Bureau of Investigation
                      26:04
                      Red Scare
                      26:42
                      USSR
                      26:47
                      Palmer Raids
                      27:02
                      American Civil Liberties Union
                      28:04
                      ACLU: American Civil Liberties Union
                      28:12
                      Freedom of Speech and Expression
                      28:21
                      On Behalf of the American People
                      28:42
                      Sacco and Vanzetti
                      29:09
                      Trial for Murder
                      29:36
                      Defense Counsel
                      29:43
                      The Fairness of the Trial
                      30:35
                      Shift From Idealism to Normalcy
                      31:41
                      Return to Normalcy
                      32:11
                      Suppressed by Federal Troops
                      32:33
                      The Supreme Court
                      32:42
                      Example 1
                      33:07
                      Example 2
                      35:53
                      Example 3
                      37:45
                      Example 4
                      38:49
                      The Interwar Period

                      47m 7s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      Conservative Presidents
                      2:45
                      Harding's Presidency
                      2:50
                      Herbert Hoover
                      3:37
                      Republican-Dominated FTC
                      4:22
                      Calvin Coolidge
                      4:41
                      A Strong Pro-Business Stance
                      4:52
                      New Tax Cut
                      5:14
                      Interior Albert Fall
                      5:52
                      Mixed Economic Development
                      6:45
                      Postwar Recession
                      6:53
                      A Consumer Culture
                      8:25
                      Overproduction
                      9:08
                      Inflation
                      9:28
                      Consumer Culture
                      9:41
                      A New Pop Culture
                      10:23
                      Radios
                      10:28
                      Duke Ellington
                      11:00
                      New Consumer Goods
                      11:58
                      New Journalism
                      12:18
                      Images of the 1920s
                      12:40
                      The Jazz Age and “Modern” Culture
                      12:55
                      African Americans
                      13:03
                      Rebel Against Their Elders
                      13:57
                      Popular Heroes
                      14:22
                      Bath Ruth
                      14:37
                      Charles Lindbergh
                      15:08
                      First Solo Non-Stop Flight
                      15:20
                      New Literature: Stream of Consciousness
                      15:37
                      Gertrude Stein
                      15:59
                      The Waste Land
                      16:46
                      Victorian Era Culture
                      17:10
                      Art and Architecture
                      18:00
                      Art Deco Style
                      18:07
                      Edward Hopper
                      18:38
                      George Gershwin
                      18:51
                      Automat
                      19:43
                      Gender Roles, Family and Education
                      20:00
                      Flappers
                      21:02
                      Influence of Sigmund Freud
                      21:42
                      The New Woman
                      22:57
                      The Women's Joint Congressional Committee
                      23:38
                      The League of Women Voters
                      24:03
                      Women in the 1920s
                      24:32
                      Pop Culture
                      25:10
                      Leisure Time in Rural and Urban Areas
                      25:15
                      The Jazz Singer
                      25:33
                      Tin Pan Alley
                      26:20
                      Fox Trot and Charleston
                      26:33
                      Harlem Renaissance
                      26:40
                      A Cultural Identity with African Roots
                      26:53
                      NYC's Harlem
                      27:09
                      New Negro
                      27:30
                      Marcus Garvey and UNIA
                      28:25
                      Garvey Advocated Black Separatism
                      28:57
                      Four Million Followers
                      29:18
                      Negro World
                      29:27
                      Mail Fraud
                      29:50
                      Prohibition and Crime
                      30:13
                      18th Amendment
                      30:16
                      Volstead Act
                      30:46
                      Lucrative Bootlegging Trade
                      31:28
                      The Noble Experiment
                      31:43
                      Drys
                      32:06
                      Wets
                      32:10
                      Bathtub Gin
                      32:25
                      Roaring Twenties
                      32:58
                      Nativism, Pluralism and Racism
                      34:02
                      Mass Media
                      34:53
                      National Origins Act
                      35:43
                      Birth of a Nation
                      36:50
                      Fundamentalism and Modernism
                      37:40
                      The Monkey Trial
                      38:15
                      The Trial of John T. Scopes
                      38:42
                      Example 1
                      39:39
                      Example 2
                      41:58
                      Example 3
                      43:39
                      Example 4
                      45:07
                      The Foreign Policy During the Interwar Years, The Great Depression and The First New Deal

                      34m 4s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:09
                      Foreign Policy in the 1920s
                      0:48
                      A Retreat to Isolationism
                      1:09
                      Expansion of New Markets
                      1:14
                      United Fruit Company
                      1:47
                      The Dawes Plan
                      2:09
                      Reparation Payment
                      2:22
                      Financial Problems on Both Sides of the Atlantic
                      2:46
                      1929 Stock Market Crash
                      2:57
                      The Pursuit of Peace
                      3:42
                      Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928
                      4:22
                      A Policy of Disarmament
                      4:38
                      League of Nations
                      4:47
                      The Causes of the Great Depression
                      4:59
                      Business Cycle
                      5:36
                      Black Thursday
                      6:35
                      The Agricultural Sector
                      7:04
                      THE GDP Fell
                      7:22
                      Weak Farm Economy
                      7:42
                      The Unequal Distribution of Wealth
                      8:26
                      Herbert Hoover
                      8:52
                      The Stock Market Crashed
                      9:32
                      Expand Public Works Spending
                      9:44
                      Reconstruction Finance Corporation
                      9:49
                      Hoover's Policies
                      10:24
                      Rugged Individualism
                      10:35
                      Hawley Smoot Tariff
                      11:17
                      The Revenue Act of 1932
                      12:11
                      The Scapegoat for the Depression
                      12:25
                      Debt Moratorium
                      12:58
                      Tough Times and Hoovervilles
                      13:08
                      Election of 1932
                      14:02
                      The Three Rs
                      14:38
                      A New Form of Liberalism
                      14:57
                      Social Welfare
                      15:24
                      Anti-Poverty Programs
                      15:56
                      The First Hundred Days
                      16:19
                      100-Day Long Special Session
                      18:28
                      Bank Holiday
                      18:42
                      Optimism of a Nation
                      19:04
                      Emergency Banking Act
                      19:40
                      Homeowners Loan Corporation
                      19:52
                      Glass-Steagall Act
                      20:12
                      Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
                      20:20
                      Alphabet Agencies
                      20:32
                      Federal Emergency Relief Administration
                      21:06
                      Work Relief Over Cash Subsidies
                      21:22
                      Inflationary
                      21:41
                      International Gold Standard
                      22:15
                      The Securities and Exchange Commission
                      22:26
                      The Banking Act of 1935
                      22:38
                      NIRA and NRA
                      22:57
                      National Industrial Recovery Act
                      23:02
                      National Recovery Administration
                      23:08
                      Government Approved Codes
                      23:40
                      Outlawed Child Labor
                      24:00
                      Other Programs
                      24:21
                      Public Works Administration
                      24:29
                      Civilian Conservation Corps
                      25:33
                      Tennessee Valley Authority
                      25:58
                      TVA
                      26:25
                      CCC
                      26:45
                      PWA
                      27:11
                      Example 1
                      27:35
                      Example 2
                      29:55
                      Example 3
                      32:30
                      The Second New Deal

                      48m 10s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      New Deal Under Attack
                      1:21
                      Liberty League
                      1:49
                      Schechter v. United States
                      3:10
                      Unconstitutional Codes Created by NIRA
                      3:39
                      Father Charles Coughlin
                      4:31
                      Father Francis Townsend
                      4:54
                      Senator Huey Long
                      5:25
                      Share Our Wealth Society
                      5:37
                      Critiques From the Left
                      6:14
                      The New Deal
                      6:17
                      Nationalization of Businesses
                      7:25
                      United States v. Butler
                      7:35
                      The Second New Deal
                      7:45
                      Townsend's, Coughlin's and Long's Programs
                      8:12
                      Works Progress Administration
                      8:30
                      The Labor Movement
                      9:05
                      The Promise of the New Deal
                      9:17
                      New Deal Murals
                      9:48
                      New Deal Programs
                      10:12
                      The Second New Deal
                      10:50
                      The National Labor Relations Act
                      10:51
                      National Labor Relations Board
                      11:01
                      Social Security Act
                      11:15
                      Categorical Assistance Programs
                      11:47
                      W.P.A
                      12:29
                      1936 Politics
                      14:17
                      Solid South
                      14:36
                      Judicial Reorganization Bill
                      15:32
                      The Wagner Act and SSA
                      16:02
                      New Economic Policy: Deficit Spending
                      16:40
                      John Maynard Keynes
                      16:51
                      Deficit Spendings
                      16:55
                      Purposeful Government Intervention
                      17:23
                      Ended the Great Depression
                      18:01
                      John Maynard Keynes
                      18:34
                      Economist
                      18:43
                      The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
                      18:46
                      The Rise of Unions and the CIO
                      18:53
                      John L. Lewis
                      19:25
                      The Congress of Industrial Organization
                      19:36
                      One Union
                      19:48
                      Steel Workers Organize
                      20:15
                      Strikes
                      20:32
                      Collective Bargaining
                      20:33
                      Resisted Union Demands
                      20:35
                      Effects of the New Deal
                      21:18
                      Expansion of the Federal Bureaucracy
                      21:20
                      Steel Workers Organizing Committee
                      21:47
                      Fair Labor Standards Act
                      22:25
                      Effects and Eleanor Roosevelt
                      23:32
                      A Recession
                      23:57
                      Government Policy
                      24:05
                      Eleanor Roosevelt
                      24:28
                      Eleanor Roosevelt
                      25:56
                      The Postwar Era
                      26:44
                      My Day
                      27:14
                      Press Conferences for Female Reporters
                      27:22
                      Anti-Lynching Campaigns
                      27:34
                      The Right to Organize
                      28:00
                      Images of Eleanor Roosevelt
                      28:26
                      Supporters of New Deal
                      29:34
                      Activist Executive Branch
                      29:44
                      The First Female Cabinet Member
                      30:23
                      Indian Reorganization Act
                      31:33
                      Mary McLeod Bethune and Amelia Earhart
                      32:04
                      A Member of the Advisory Committee of the NYA
                      32:14
                      Lady Lindy
                      33:00
                      New Deal Critics
                      33:21
                      Unemployment Rate
                      33:37
                      The Federal Deficit
                      33:57
                      A Critical View
                      34:57
                      Discrimination of Minorities
                      35:09
                      Okies
                      35:20
                      Cesar Chavez
                      35:39
                      National Farmworkers Association
                      36:22
                      Chinese Exclusion Act
                      37:06
                      The Tydings-McDuffie Act
                      37:18
                      The Scottsboro Case
                      37:45
                      The Dust Bowl
                      38:50
                      Severe Drought
                      38:55
                      The Grapes of Wrath
                      39:44
                      Dust Bowl Map
                      39:55
                      Dust Cloud
                      40:31
                      Farmer and Family, Dust Bowl
                      40:44
                      Example 1
                      41:03
                      Example 2
                      42:51
                      Example 3
                      44:36
                      Example 4
                      46:29
                      World War II

                      55m 16s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:05
                      Isolationist Foreign Policy of 1930s
                      1:13
                      The Washington Conference
                      1:28
                      Stimson Doctrine
                      2:48
                      Kellogg-Briand Pact
                      3:39
                      Good Neighbor Policy
                      4:10
                      The Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
                      4:43
                      The Nye Commission
                      5:10
                      Investigation of the Munitions Industry
                      5:16
                      A Senate Committee
                      5:32
                      Non-Interventionist Movement
                      6:14
                      Neutrality Act
                      6:17
                      Quarantine Speech
                      6:45
                      Aggressive Militarism and Fascism Abroad
                      7:03
                      Treaty of Versailles
                      8:17
                      Lightening War
                      9:40
                      Withdrew from the League of Nations
                      10:38
                      Rome-Berlin Axis
                      10:55
                      Nazi Germany
                      11:18
                      Aggressive Militarism and Fascism Abroad
                      11:39
                      Ineffectiveness of League of Nations
                      11:56
                      Sinking of Panay
                      13:13
                      Appeasement
                      13:32
                      Before U.S. Enter War
                      14:49
                      Charles Beard
                      15:11
                      Four Essential Freedoms
                      16:09
                      Lend-Lease Act
                      17:19
                      The Atlantic Charter
                      17:33
                      “Four Freedoms” by Norman Rockwell
                      18:10
                      Attack on Pearl Harbor
                      18:35
                      The Bombing of Pearl Harbor
                      18:46
                      A Date Which Will Live in Infamy
                      18:53
                      Organizing for Total War
                      20:03
                      War Powers Act
                      20:10
                      War Production Board
                      21:40
                      Miracle Man
                      21:02
                      The Office of War Information
                      22:11
                      Wartime Propaganda
                      22:33
                      We Can Do It!
                      23:04
                      Large Scale Propaganda
                      23:06
                      Rosie the Riveter
                      23:48
                      Depression-Era Unemployment Disappeared
                      24:34
                      Unionized Jobs
                      25:00
                      Smith-Connally Labor Act
                      25:05
                      National War Labor Board
                      25:18
                      John Lewis
                      25:31
                      Internal Migration
                      25:42
                      Civil Rights Concerns
                      26:12
                      Negro Labor Relations League
                      26:37
                      Double V Campaign
                      27:38
                      A. Philip Randolph
                      28:20
                      League of United Latin American Citizens
                      29:17
                      Double V and Civil Rights
                      29:32
                      Effects on Minorities
                      29:57
                      The Status of Chinese Americans
                      30:00
                      Japanese immigrants
                      30:08
                      Zoot Suit
                      31:33
                      Japanese Internment
                      32:26
                      Executive order 9066
                      32:34
                      Korematsu v. United States
                      33:34
                      Ex Parte Endo Case
                      33:51
                      A Public Apology
                      34:34
                      Map of Relocation Camps
                      34:47
                      Manzanar Today
                      35:21
                      Instructions Posters
                      35:49
                      Major Military Events During WWII
                      36:09
                      Major Defeats on U.S. Forces
                      36:18
                      Battle of Coral Sea
                      36:54
                      Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower
                      37:37
                      General Douglas MacArthur
                      37:30
                      D-Day Invasion
                      37:57
                      Pacific Theatre
                      38:15
                      European Theatre
                      39:25
                      European Theatre, VE Day
                      40:39
                      The End of War in Europe
                      41:46
                      Final Solution of the Jewish Question
                      41:58
                      A War Refuge Board
                      43:09
                      United Nations
                      43:35
                      The Holocaust
                      43:46
                      Mass Extermination of Jews
                      43:56
                      Genocide of 6 Million Jews
                      44:12
                      In the Pacific
                      45:36
                      Island Hopping
                      46:12
                      Navajo Troops
                      46:29
                      Heavy Causalities
                      46:39
                      The Manhattan Project
                      47:17
                      Example 1
                      47:50
                      Example 2
                      49:18
                      Example 3
                      51:00
                      Example 4
                      52:20
                      The End of World War II and Cold War America

                      51m 21s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      The End of World War II
                      1:48
                      The Big Three Met at the Yalta Conference
                      1:58
                      Free and Unfettered Elections
                      2:40
                      Iron Curtain
                      3:15
                      2 Major Issues: Independence Movement in India
                      3:49
                      The Big Three
                      4:48
                      The Outcome of Yalta
                      5:26
                      Four Administrative Zones
                      5:37
                      United Nations Established That Would Have Security Council
                      5:48
                      Berlin Was Also Partitioned
                      6:42
                      Germany Divided Berlin Partitioned
                      6:48
                      FDR Dies and Truman as President
                      7:14
                      Franklin D. Roosevelt Couldn't Finish Presidency Term
                      7:30
                      Truman Took Over Presidency
                      7:45
                      Truman Chose to Use Bomb
                      7:55
                      Issued Warning to Surrender or Face Utter and Complete Destruction
                      8:14
                      Japanese Would Fight to Death Rather Than Surrender
                      9:00
                      Need Quick Way to End the War
                      9:46
                      Atomic Bomb
                      10:12
                      The Manhattan Project
                      10:29
                      Top-Secret Plan
                      10:35
                      J. Robert Oppenheimer
                      10:44
                      General Leslie Groves
                      10:55
                      First Atomic Bomb Successfully Tested
                      11:05
                      Other Factors that Influenced Truman
                      11:17
                      Potsdam with Stalin
                      11:22
                      U.S. Cryptographers
                      12:02
                      Why Did U.S. Decide to Flex It's Nuclear Muscle
                      12:08
                      The End of the War
                      13:26
                      U.S. Dropped Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima but No Japanese Response
                      13:45
                      Radiation Poisoning
                      14:04
                      Dropped a Second Atomic Bomb on Nagasaki
                      14:39
                      Emperor Hirohito Forced to Surrender
                      14:51
                      Peace Treaty
                      15:10
                      Number of Casualties
                      15:20
                      Postwar Devastation
                      16:00
                      The Cold War
                      16:38
                      What is the Cold War?
                      16:56
                      Two Countries Primarily Involved
                      17:21
                      Joseph Stalin
                      17:43
                      A Security Zone of Friendly Government
                      17:54
                      Yalta Conference: Sphere of Influence
                      18:15
                      No Move to Hold the Elections
                      18:43
                      Cold War in Europe
                      19:01
                      Potsdam Conference
                      19:53
                      President Harry Truman Decided U.S. Had to Take a Hard Line Against Soviet Expansion
                      19:59
                      Truman Took a Stance to Use Tough Methods
                      21:14
                      Allies Agreed to Disarm and Dismantle Germany
                      21:57
                      Baruch Plan
                      22:11
                      Baruch Plan
                      22:27
                      Failure of Baruch Plan
                      22:37
                      A Frenzied Nuclear Arms Race
                      22:54
                      Eastern Bloc Countries
                      23:18
                      Map of Eastern Bloc Areas
                      23:19
                      Winston Churchill
                      23:32
                      The Iron Curtain
                      23:39
                      George Kennan and Containment Policy
                      24:24
                      One of the First Policies: Containment Policy
                      24:30
                      U.S. Increasingly Perceived Soviet Expansion as a Threat
                      24:42
                      The Most Influential Proponent
                      24:54
                      Communist Guerrillas
                      25:00
                      Truman Doctrine
                      25:30
                      Large Scale Military and Economic Assistance
                      25:40
                      Domino Theory
                      26:05
                      Marshall Plan and Containment
                      26:34
                      Containment
                      26:44
                      Plan to Help Rebuild War-Torn Europe
                      26:55
                      Discontentment Encouraged the Communist
                      27:09
                      George Marshall and Economic Aid
                      27:17
                      Eastern Euros Refused Aid
                      27:43
                      Opposition in U.S. Congress
                      27:50
                      Motives of Marshall Plan
                      28:21
                      map of Czechoslovakia 1918-1992
                      28:29
                      Foreign Policy in Mid East
                      29:16
                      Zionist Leaders
                      29:21
                      Truman Recognized the State
                      29:51
                      Gamal Abdel Nasser Nationalizes the Suez
                      30:04
                      Arab Nationalism
                      30:30
                      Britain, France, Israel Attack Egypt
                      30:41
                      Berlin Airlift in 1948
                      30:52
                      Attempt to Push Out Allies
                      31:30
                      A Program of Economic Reform in West Berlin
                      31:42
                      A Symbol of Resistance to Communism
                      31:52
                      Containment in Asia
                      32:45
                      Civil War in China
                      32:51
                      Truman Attempted to Provide Funds
                      33:14
                      The People's Republic of China
                      33:35
                      Red China
                      33:56
                      Fall of China
                      34:08
                      Diplomatic Nonentity
                      34:37
                      The Korean War
                      34:55
                      Korean War, 1950-1953
                      35:46
                      The Map
                      35:47
                      Republican Challenge of Truman's Conduct of the War
                      37:26
                      Truman Fired MacArthur
                      37:45
                      An Armistice Was Signed and Korea was Divided
                      37:56
                      NATO and Warsaw Pact
                      38:20
                      Truman Era
                      38:29
                      Government and Consumer Spending
                      38:42
                      Civilian Production
                      38:54
                      The Office of Price Administration
                      39:02
                      Example: Strikes Closed Down Business in Numerous Cities
                      39:29
                      Backlash Against Unionism: Truman Ended a Strike by the United Mine Workers
                      39:39
                      Taft-Hartley Act
                      40:03
                      Taft-Hartley Act
                      40:08
                      Vetoed the Bill
                      40:25
                      The Secondary Boycott and Union Shop
                      40:35
                      Democrats Split
                      40:46
                      Henry Wallace
                      40:55
                      Strom Thurmond
                      41:00
                      Election of 1948
                      41:09
                      Domestic Issues During the Truman Era
                      41:34
                      The Fair Deal
                      42:01
                      New Deal's Liberalism
                      42:11
                      Possibility of a Higher standard of Living and Benefits for Americans
                      42:46
                      Liberal Consensus
                      43:09
                      The National Housing Act of 1949
                      43:55
                      What Was Blocked
                      43:58
                      Executive Order 9981 Ends Segregation in Military in July of 1948
                      44:14
                      Example 1
                      44:35
                      Example 2
                      47:15
                      Example 3
                      48:50
                      Section 8: Period 8: 1945-1980
                      The Red Scare and The Eisenhower Years

                      49m 4s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      The Second Red Scare
                      1:31
                      The House of Un-American Activities Committee
                      2:35
                      The Movie Industry
                      3:24
                      Senator Joseph McCarthy
                      5:01
                      Alger Hiss and HUAC
                      5:51
                      Alger Hiss
                      5:52
                      Whittaker Chambers
                      6:04
                      Richard Nixon
                      6:33
                      Anti-Communist Hysteria
                      6:51
                      Anti-Communist Hysteria and McCarthyism
                      7:24
                      Resigned under Pressure
                      8:29
                      McCarran Internal Security Act
                      9:17
                      Investigate Subversion in the U.S. Army
                      10:22
                      Anti-Communism
                      11:03
                      The Red Scare
                      12:33
                      Protest of HUAC and “Red Channels”
                      13:24
                      Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
                      13:49
                      Julius
                      14:09
                      Electrocution
                      14:17
                      Dwight D. Eisenhower
                      14:55
                      Modern Republicanism
                      15:42
                      National Aeronautics and Space Administration
                      17:29
                      The New Look Army
                      18:59
                      Social Security
                      19:32
                      Termination
                      19:47
                      The Highway Act of 1956
                      20:14
                      A Broad Liberal Consensus
                      20:47
                      Promoted Tourism
                      21:23
                      Nuclear Missiles
                      21:31
                      The Space Race
                      22:23
                      The New Look in Foreign Policy
                      23:35
                      A Massive Nuclear Arsenal
                      23:50
                      U-2 Spy Plane
                      25:03
                      Hungarian Revolt
                      25:45
                      Containment the Third World
                      25:59
                      SEATO
                      26:19
                      A Coup of Arbenz
                      27:38
                      Proxy Wars
                      28:15
                      Domino Theory
                      28:48
                      Decolonization of the Third World
                      28:52
                      Containment in the Post-Colonial World
                      30:06
                      The Containment Policy
                      30:17
                      Failed to Recognize Indigenous or Nationalist Movements
                      30:31
                      Dictatorships or Repressive Right-Wing Regimes
                      31:41
                      U.S. Global Defense Treaties in Cold War
                      32:23
                      SEATO and The Role of the CIA
                      33:07
                      South Asia Treaty Organization
                      33:20
                      Central Intelligence Agency
                      33:20
                      Lebanon
                      33:59
                      Containment Policy
                      34:10
                      Overthrow Iran's Premier
                      34:28
                      Guatemala
                      34:31
                      Geneva Accords
                      34:44
                      Domino Theory
                      35:07
                      Military Industrial Complex
                      35:30
                      Eisenhower's Farewell Address
                      35:46
                      Military Industrial Complex
                      35:46
                      Military Industrial Map
                      36:51
                      Spending Graph
                      37:31
                      Example 1
                      37:59
                      Example 2
                      40:44
                      Example 3
                      43:25
                      Example 4
                      46:00
                      Postwar Prosperity and The 'Other' America

                      51m 55s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:09
                      Economic Realities
                      2:08
                      Huge Economic Growth
                      2:15
                      Postwar Boom
                      2:53
                      Defense Spending and Domestic Programs
                      3:10
                      Acceptance of Collective Bargaining
                      3:23
                      Rise in Gross Domestic Product
                      3:52
                      The Affluent Society
                      4:01
                      Or the “Other” America
                      5:14
                      U.S. Affluence
                      5:22
                      John Kenneth Galbraith
                      5:37
                      The Other America
                      6:16
                      Michael Harrington
                      6:51
                      Bretton Woods System
                      7:06
                      Third World Countries
                      7:19
                      The World Bank
                      8:08
                      The International Monetary Fund
                      9:10
                      Strongest Currency
                      9:45
                      General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
                      10:00
                      Fixed Exchange Rates
                      10:17
                      Economic Trends in the 1950s
                      10:54
                      Consolidation of Corporations Continued
                      10:59
                      Rise in Consumerism
                      11:43
                      General Electric
                      12:24
                      Suburban Living
                      14:01
                      Levittowns
                      14:14
                      Henry J. Kaiser
                      15:09
                      The Federal Housing Administration
                      15:18
                      Veterans Administration
                      15:22
                      Levittowns and Tract Housing
                      16:13
                      Negative Effects of Suburbanization
                      16:34
                      The Downside of Suburbanization
                      16:52
                      Restrictive Covenants
                      18:03
                      Shelley v. Kramer
                      18:34
                      Changing Demographics
                      18:52
                      Baby Boom! “Gotta Make Up for Lost Time”
                      19:33
                      Highway Expansion
                      20:27
                      National Interstate and Defense Highways Act
                      20:33
                      Mass Transit Systems
                      20:39
                      City “Life Belts” and Car Culture
                      21:23
                      The Emerging Civil Rights Movement
                      21:53
                      Civil Rights Challenges
                      23:36
                      The NAACP
                      23:47
                      Thurgood Marshall
                      24:06
                      Linda Brown
                      24:23
                      Brown v. Board of Education, 1954
                      25:54
                      Plessy case
                      25:20
                      Racial Segregation in Schools and other Public Facilities
                      26:24
                      Violates the 14th Amendment
                      26:36
                      “Massive Resistance” Against the Case
                      27:33
                      A Southern Manifesto
                      28:08
                      KKK
                      28:41
                      Governor Orval Faubus of AR
                      28:47
                      Southern Universities
                      29:18
                      Segregationists and the Little Rock Nine
                      29:35
                      Nonviolent Protest and Civil Disobedience
                      30:31
                      Rosa Parks
                      30:38
                      A Local Segregation Ordinance
                      30:53
                      A Boycott of Montgomery's Bus System
                      31:16
                      Social Critics: The Beats
                      32:40
                      Rejected Conventional Society
                      33:10
                      Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg
                      33:40
                      The Springboard for the Counterculture Movement
                      33:49
                      Be-Bop Jazz
                      34:03
                      Improvisational
                      34:14
                      Bebop Musicians
                      35:06
                      Other Culture Dissenters
                      35:19
                      Alienation from Mainstream Society
                      35:22
                      Abstract Expressionism
                      35:30
                      Jackson Pollock
                      35:41
                      Pop Art
                      35:53
                      Aspects of Mass Media
                      36:05
                      Mundane Cultural Objects
                      36:10
                      Andy Warhol
                      36:14
                      TV Culture and Rock and Roll
                      36:33
                      Television Sets
                      36:39
                      Rock and Roll
                      37:09
                      1950s: Conformity or Rebellion?
                      38:53
                      Women's Issues in the 1950s
                      40:14
                      Feminine Mystique
                      40:41
                      Motherhood
                      41:16
                      Glass Ceiling
                      42:04
                      The Feminine Mystique
                      42:24
                      Other Policies and Demographic Changes
                      43:05
                      Operation Wetback
                      43:09
                      Puerto Ricans
                      43:36
                      Second Migration
                      44:04
                      Immigration and Nationality Act
                      44:28
                      The Second Migration, 1940-1970
                      44:52
                      Other Demographic Changes
                      45:15
                      Inner Cities Declined
                      45:25
                      Suburban Affluence and the “Other America”
                      45:30
                      Example 1
                      45:49
                      Example 2
                      46:42
                      Example 3
                      48:07
                      Example 4
                      50:33
                      1960s, The Kennedy Years and The Liberal Consensus

                      55m 17s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      John F. Kennedy
                      1:17
                      The New Frontier Program
                      1:51
                      TV Debates
                      3:13
                      First Catholic President
                      4:15
                      Liberal Initiatives
                      4:55
                      Bay of Pigs
                      5:19
                      Funding for NASA
                      6:19
                      Alan Shepard
                      6:49
                      John Glenn
                      6:56
                      The Bay of Pigs Incident
                      7:02
                      U.S.-Cuban Relations
                      7:39
                      Castro Nationalized U.S. Owned Banks
                      7:46
                      CIA
                      8:26
                      Surrendered Within 24 Hours of Fighting
                      9:24
                      Cold War and Bay of Pigs
                      9:43
                      JFK: Cold Warrior
                      10:06
                      Turned to the USSR
                      10:10
                      The Berlin Wall
                      10:29
                      Cuban Missile Crisis
                      11:05
                      Nuclear Warfare
                      11:41
                      Flexible Response
                      12:34
                      The Civil Rights Movements Stirs
                      13:58
                      Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
                      14:17
                      CORE
                      16:19
                      Attorney General Robert Kennedy
                      16:45
                      Bull Connors
                      17:12
                      Freedom Rides Map
                      17:41
                      Notorious Police Brutality Under “Bull Connors”
                      18:36
                      Civil Rights Movement
                      19:13
                      Kennedy's Response
                      20:08
                      Promise Civil Rights Legislation Banning Discrimination in Public
                      20:09
                      Second Emancipation Proclamation
                      20:32
                      MLK Jr.'s Response
                      21:49
                      A Massive Civil Rights
                      21:56
                      I Have a Dream
                      22:08
                      Civil Rights in the 1960s
                      22:50
                      More Radical
                      22:57
                      Southern Senators
                      23:16
                      Birmingham
                      23:27
                      Black Nationalism
                      23:43
                      Black Separatism
                      24:32
                      Uncle Tom
                      25:16
                      Black Muslims
                      26:44
                      Malcolm X
                      27:43
                      Nation Justice
                      28:43
                      Hajj
                      29:22
                      Pan-African Unity
                      29:44
                      Black Power
                      30:42
                      Stokely Carmichael
                      31:12
                      Honorary Prime Minister
                      32:26
                      Pan-Africanist
                      32:33
                      Black Panthers
                      33:03
                      Cesar Chaves, Farm Workers and Chicanos
                      34:04
                      Chavez and Dolores Huerta
                      34:25
                      United Farm Workers
                      34:48
                      La Causa
                      35:58
                      Chavez, Huerta and UFW
                      36:26
                      MAPA, Chicano Movement, Brown Berets
                      37:19
                      Mexican American Political Association
                      37:30
                      Brown Berets
                      38:00
                      Chicano
                      38:14
                      Bilingual Education
                      38:45
                      American Indian Movement (AIM)
                      39:46
                      Red Power
                      39:51
                      A Siege at Wounded Knee
                      40:40
                      We Shall Remain
                      41:20
                      Peace Corps
                      41:30
                      Third World Countries
                      41:47
                      Agency for International Development and the Alliance of Progress
                      42:06
                      The Liberal Warren Court
                      43:14
                      Mapp v. Ohio
                      43:55
                      Gideon v. Wainwright
                      44:03
                      Escobedo v. Illinois
                      44:12
                      Miranda v. Arizona
                      44:22
                      Engel v. Vitale
                      45:04
                      Griswold v. Connecticut
                      45:29
                      Baker v. Carr
                      45:53
                      One Man, One Vote
                      46:08
                      Beginning of Vietnam War
                      46:22
                      Green Berets
                      47:10
                      A Military Coup
                      47:20
                      Assassination of John F. Kennedy
                      48:07
                      Lee Harvey Oswald
                      48:17
                      Lyndon B. Johnson
                      49:33
                      Example 1
                      49:54
                      Example 2
                      51:47
                      Example 3
                      53:37
                      Lyndon B. Johnson, Civil Rights, and The Vietnam War

                      52m 54s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:09
                      Lyndon B. Johnson
                      1:55
                      A Huge Expansions of Social Welfare Programs
                      2:41
                      The Civil Rights Act
                      3:39
                      Title VII
                      4:01
                      1964 Election
                      4:58
                      Lyndon B. Johnson
                      5:52
                      The Civil Rights Act
                      6:10
                      Expansion of Civil Rights Movement
                      6:26
                      A Voting Rights Act
                      6:28
                      Freedom Summer
                      6:44
                      15 Civil Rights Workers
                      7:25
                      From Selma to Montgomery
                      7:32
                      Freedom Summer
                      7:49
                      March in Selma
                      9:10
                      Bloody Sunday
                      9:17
                      The Voting Rights Act
                      10:53
                      The 24th Amendment's Outlawing of the Federal Poll tax
                      11:35
                      Voter Registration in the South
                      12:00
                      Watts Riots: “Burn Baby, Burn”
                      12:40
                      Voting Rights Act
                      12:43
                      Arrested a Young Black Motorist
                      13:34
                      Legislation During LBJ Years
                      15:03
                      War on Poverty
                      15:45
                      Long-Established Social Insurance Programs
                      16:24
                      The Office of Economic Opportunity Act of 1964
                      16:57
                      The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
                      17:46
                      Influential Books of the 1960s
                      18:19
                      War on Poverty
                      20:02
                      Legislation During LBJ Years
                      20:43
                      Medicare for the Elderly and Medicaid for the Poor
                      20:47
                      National Endowment for the Arts
                      20:57
                      The Highway Beautification Act
                      21:15
                      Wartime Inflation
                      22:10
                      10% Surcharge on Income Taxes
                      22:18
                      LBJ Escalates the Vietnam War
                      23:18
                      A Quagmire
                      23:55
                      The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
                      24:40
                      The Americanization of the War
                      25:00
                      Operation Rolling Thunder
                      25:24
                      US Soldiers in Vietnam
                      26:06
                      War of Attrition
                      26:44
                      U.S. Military Personnel in S. Vietnam
                      26:57
                      The Anti-War Movement
                      27:16
                      Public Opinion Turn Against the War
                      27:22
                      The Impact of the Television
                      27:27
                      Credibility Gap
                      28:11
                      Television War and Image of Vietnam War
                      28:50
                      The New Left Movement
                      29:14
                      Implement a Broad Range of Reforms
                      29:22
                      Students for a Democratic Society
                      29:42
                      Michigan
                      30:05
                      Port Huron Statement
                      30:11
                      Students for a Democratic Society
                      30:21
                      Tom Hayden
                      30:25
                      The Port Huron Statement
                      30:27
                      Free Speech Movement
                      30:56
                      The Selective Service System
                      31:37
                      Closed Down Induction Centers
                      31:55
                      Stop the Draft Week
                      33:03
                      The Siege on the Pentagon
                      33:05
                      National Organization of Women
                      33:21
                      Betty Friedan
                      33:51
                      Women's Rights and Equality
                      33:57
                      The Counterculture
                      34:15
                      Hippies
                      35:07
                      Pete Seeger and Bob Dylan
                      35:41
                      Acid Rock
                      36:29
                      Woodstock
                      37:06
                      Images of Woodstock
                      37:15
                      1968: A Watershed Year
                      37:55
                      Tet Offensive
                      38:34
                      My Lai Massacre
                      39:08
                      Antiwar Platform
                      39:46
                      Tet Offensive
                      40:03
                      1968
                      40:20
                      MLK was Assassinated
                      40:23
                      Robert F. Kennedy
                      41:14
                      RFK Assassination
                      41:31
                      Democratic Convention in Chicago
                      41:45
                      Democratic Convention 1968
                      42:02
                      Backlash: Conservatism
                      42:26
                      Protest and Dissent
                      42:34
                      George Wallace
                      42:56
                      Silent Majority
                      42:39
                      Richard Nixon Elected
                      43:39
                      Example 1
                      44:23
                      Example 2
                      46:55
                      Example 3
                      49:53
                      The Rise and Fall of Richard Nixon and The End of the Vietnam War

                      35m 50s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      Richard Nixon
                      1:32
                      Office of Price Administration in Washington
                      1:50
                      Republican Representative
                      1:58
                      Alger Hiss Case
                      2:26
                      Winding Down the Vietnam War
                      2:33
                      No-Win Situation
                      3:26
                      Cambodia
                      3:42
                      Withdrawing from the War
                      4:24
                      Vietnam War vets
                      4:48
                      Violence at Kent State University
                      6:00
                      Ohio
                      6:16
                      National Guard
                      6:28
                      Images of Kent State
                      6:57
                      Nixon's Trip to China and the Cold War
                      7:16
                      A Bold Move
                      7:31
                      A Policy of Diplomacy
                      7:53
                      Ping-pong Diplomacy
                      8:25
                      Detente
                      8:55
                      Vietnamization
                      9:15
                      Detente
                      9:50
                      Henry Kissinger
                      10:15
                      National Security Advisor
                      10:22
                      Realpolitik
                      10:25
                      Nixon and Brezhnev
                      10:57
                      Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
                      11:08
                      Antiballistic Missiles
                      11:19
                      ICBMS or SLBMS
                      11:24
                      The Silent Majority Speaks Out
                      11:49
                      Brown v. Board of Education
                      12:48
                      Miller v. California
                      14:00
                      Milliken v. Bradley
                      14:36
                      1972 Election
                      15:02
                      Disarray
                      15:14
                      George McGovern
                      15:35
                      Southern Strategy
                      16:10
                      George Wallace
                      16:52
                      Nixon and Civil Rights
                      17:12
                      Dixicrats
                      17:24
                      Warren Burger
                      17:57
                      Harry Blackmun
                      18:24
                      Domestic Policies
                      18:38
                      Inflation Problems and Economic Problems
                      18:49
                      Revenue Sharing
                      19:14
                      More Control of Where Federal Funding Allocated
                      19:16
                      Regulatory Laws Passed
                      19:26
                      Clean Air Act
                      20:30
                      Occupational Health and Safety Act
                      20:33
                      Water Pollution Control Act
                      20:41
                      Endangered Species Act
                      20:50
                      The Fall of Richard Nixon
                      21:16
                      Enemies
                      21:57
                      Imperial Presidency
                      22:32
                      Pentagon Papers
                      23:06
                      National Security
                      23:45
                      Theft, Conspiracy and Espionage
                      25:06
                      Nixon and the Plumbers
                      25:11
                      A Secret Special Unit
                      26:18
                      Illegal Campaigns
                      25:31
                      The Democratic National Committee Offices
                      25:52
                      Cover-up
                      26:04
                      The Tapes and the Cover-up
                      26:23
                      Illegal Deeds
                      26:56
                      Impeachment Hearings
                      27:09
                      First President to Resign
                      27:23
                      War Power Act
                      27:37
                      Reined in the Powers of President
                      27:50
                      Congressional Approval
                      28:00
                      Example 1
                      28:45
                      Example 2
                      29:56
                      Example 3
                      33:01
                      1970s, Ford and Carter

                      44m 35s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Gerald Ford: President After Nixon Resigns
                      1:19
                      Stagflation
                      2:02
                      Whip Inflation Now
                      2:06
                      Highlights of Ford Presidency
                      2:20
                      Oil Embargo After Yom Kippur War
                      2:47
                      Politicized OPEC
                      3:04
                      Yom Kippur War
                      3:19
                      Declared Oil Embargo on U.S.
                      3:34
                      OPEC Oil Embargo
                      3:50
                      400% Increase in Oil Prices
                      4:08
                      Oil Price Shock
                      4:14
                      Long Lines at Gas Stations
                      4:38
                      Economic Decline
                      4:59
                      Japanese Cars
                      5:08
                      Speed Limit
                      5:36
                      Stagflation
                      6:00
                      Ford's Foreign Policy
                      6:22
                      Helsinki Accords
                      6:28
                      Limit Arms
                      6:40
                      Accused of Engineering the Assassination of Foreign Leaders
                      6:53
                      George Bush
                      7:02
                      Jimmy Carter, 1976-1980
                      7:28
                      Granted Amnesty
                      8:43
                      Domestic Challenges
                      9:00
                      Crisis in Confidence
                      9:40
                      Images of Jimmy Carter
                      10:33
                      Gas Shortages and Energy Crisis
                      11:14
                      Gas Prices Soared
                      11:19
                      Raise Taxes on Crude Oil
                      11:55
                      People's Lack of Faith in Government
                      12:06
                      Energy Consumption
                      12:15
                      Taking On Inflation
                      12:40
                      Paul Volcker
                      12:47
                      An End to Inflation
                      12:52
                      Three Mile Island
                      13:01
                      Nuclear Power Spill
                      13:05
                      No New Nuclear Plants
                      14:09
                      20% of all U.S. Power
                      14:13
                      Goldsboro, PA
                      14:28
                      Nervous Humor
                      14:38
                      Carter's Foreign Policy
                      15:25
                      Realism
                      15:30
                      Repressive Regimes
                      15:36
                      Panama Canal
                      16:50
                      Peace Talks between Sadat and Begin
                      17:25
                      The Women's Movement in the 1970s
                      20:17
                      Equal Rights Amendment
                      20:27
                      Ratification
                      20:54
                      A Reactionary Conservative Movement
                      21:04
                      States That Ratified ERA
                      21:15
                      Pro and Anti-ERA Marchers
                      22:39
                      Other Feminist Activities
                      23:30
                      Ms. Magazine
                      24:19
                      Gay Rights Movement
                      25:32
                      Stonewall Incident
                      25:52
                      Harvey Milk
                      26:07
                      Dan White
                      27:03
                      Rust Belt to Sun Belt
                      27:12
                      Demographic Changes Affect Politics
                      28:26
                      Latin America and Asia
                      28:38
                      1965 Immigration Law
                      28:45
                      The “Me Generation”
                      29:06
                      Self-Absorption
                      29:13
                      Huge Health Trend
                      29:16
                      Pop Culture
                      29:42
                      Televangelists and the New Right
                      30:22
                      Religious Right
                      30:42
                      A Constitutional Ban
                      30:45
                      Mandatory Death Penalty
                      31:05
                      The Bakke Case
                      32:03
                      University of California v. Bakke
                      32:28
                      Reverse Discrimination
                      33:23
                      Iran Hostage Crisis
                      34:02
                      The Iranian Revolution
                      34:26
                      Ayatollah Khomeini
                      34:35
                      66 U.S. Hostages
                      35:02
                      Economic Embargo and a Military Mission
                      35:14
                      Reagan's Inauguration
                      35:26
                      Images of Iran Hostage Crisis
                      36:24
                      Example 1
                      36:53
                      Example 2
                      40:07
                      Example 3
                      42:04
                      The Conservative Resurgence and The 1980s

                      46m 5s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:07
                      Free-Market Economics and Religious Conservatism
                      1:13
                      Anticommunism, Free-Market Economics and Religious Moralism
                      2:25
                      Regulatory Bureaucracy
                      5:02
                      PATCO Strikers
                      5:55
                      Supply-Side Economics
                      6:34
                      Reaganomics
                      6:48
                      Reducing Taxes and More Spending
                      7:00
                      Economic Recovery Act
                      7:26
                      Lowered Taxes
                      7:30
                      Images of Supply-Side Economics
                      8:20
                      Trickle Down Economics
                      9:57
                      Reaganomics
                      10:32
                      Reduced Income Tax Rates
                      10:50
                      Drop of the Highest Marginal Tax Rate
                      11:04
                      The Federal Deficit Increased
                      12:07
                      The Annual Federal Budget Deficit (or Surplus), 1940-2005
                      12:33
                      Presidential Landscaping
                      13:11
                      Budget Deficit
                      13:17
                      National Debt
                      13:35
                      The Savings and Loan
                      13:54
                      Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
                      14:49
                      Relations with the USSR Improve
                      16:33
                      Perestroika
                      17:28
                      Glasnost
                      17:58
                      Mr. Gorbachev, Tear Down This Wall
                      18:23
                      The Wall Comes Down in 1989
                      18:57
                      Reagan Aids Anticommunists and Israelis
                      20:36
                      A Right-Wing Government in El Salvador
                      21:14
                      Setbacks in the Middle East
                      22:40
                      Involvement in Latin America and Caribbean
                      23:11
                      Iran-Contra Affair and Scandal
                      23:38
                      Banned Sending Funds to the Contras
                      24:25
                      Oliver North
                      24:46
                      Iran-Contra
                      25:08
                      Foreign Policy After the Cold War
                      26:26
                      New World Order
                      26:32
                      War on Drugs
                      27:09
                      Disintegration of Yugoslavia
                      27:30
                      Social Issues
                      28:01
                      Sandra Day O'Connor
                      28:35
                      William Rehnquist
                      28:59
                      Roe v. Wade
                      29:14
                      Economic Changes
                      29:46
                      Service Oriented
                      30:12
                      Trade Imbalance
                      30:18
                      Widened Gap Between Rich and Poor
                      30:36
                      Apple Computers and Microsoft
                      31:28
                      The Income of Two-Wage Families Graph
                      31:43
                      Other Themes in the 1980s
                      33:15
                      Materialistic Values
                      33:28
                      AIDS Epidemic
                      33:53
                      Just Say No
                      36:28
                      Challenger Explodes
                      36:50
                      1987 March On Washington for Gay and Lesbian Rights
                      37:15
                      Example 1
                      37:53
                      Example 2
                      40:57
                      Example 3
                      43:41
                      Section 9: Period 9: 1980-present
                      The End of the Cold War and a Global Society

                      1h 6m 56s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:06
                      Election of 1988
                      1:40
                      George H.W. Bush
                      1:44
                      Jesse Jackson
                      2:00
                      New World Order
                      2:52
                      Uprisings in China and Eastern Europe
                      3:16
                      Beijing's Tiananmen Square
                      3:43
                      Anticommunist Movement in 1989
                      4:38
                      Solidarity Movement
                      4:50
                      Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia
                      5:07
                      1989
                      5:40
                      Breakup of the USSR
                      6:35
                      Commonwealth of Independent States
                      6:43
                      Boris Yeltsin
                      7:13
                      Yugoslavia Disintegrated
                      7:49
                      CIS
                      8:02
                      Other Foreign Policy Issues
                      9:16
                      Invasion of Panama
                      9:38
                      Persian Gulf War
                      10:11
                      Operation Desert Storm
                      10:13
                      Vietnam Syndrome
                      12:22
                      Domestic Issues Under Bush
                      12:49
                      Budget Deficits
                      13:52
                      No New taxes
                      14:10
                      A Kinder Gentler America
                      14:35
                      The Changing Economy
                      15:12
                      Globalization
                      16:37
                      Multinational Corporations
                      17:46
                      North American Free Trade Agreement
                      19:25
                      The Rise of the European Union
                      20:15
                      European Union
                      20:58
                      Nike Factory in China
                      21:51
                      Productivity, Family Income, and Wages 1973-2004
                      22:37
                      Imports and Exports
                      24:00
                      Bill Clinton
                      24:45
                      The Election of 1992
                      24:50
                      National Health Care
                      26:05
                      Avoiding Expensive Social-Welfare Proposals
                      27:38
                      Aid to Families with Dependent Children
                      27:53
                      New Democrat
                      28:05
                      Clinton's Second Term
                      28:17
                      Foreign Policy Challenges
                      29:52
                      NATO Intervened
                      30:01
                      Air Strikes Against Al Qaeda
                      30:39
                      Technological Revolutions
                      31:12
                      Digitization
                      31:26
                      World Wide Web
                      32:11
                      Internet
                      32:32
                      Percentage of Americans Using Internet
                      33:06
                      The Annual Federal Budget Deficit (or Surplus), 1940-2005
                      33:20
                      Election of 2000
                      34:32
                      Vice President Al Gore
                      34:43
                      Florida
                      35:04
                      George W. Bush's Presidency
                      36:00
                      Economic Growth and Tax Relief Act of 2001
                      36:13
                      Federal Expenditures
                      36:48
                      War on Terror
                      38:19
                      9/11
                      38:50
                      Bush
                      39:30
                      USA Patriot Act
                      40:32
                      An Axis of Evil
                      42:01
                      Iraq
                      43:22
                      John Kerry
                      44:19
                      New Orleans
                      45:09
                      Economic Issues and 2008 Election
                      46:30
                      Significant Decline
                      46:48
                      Emergency Economic Stabilization Act
                      48:35
                      Barack Obama Wins in 2008
                      49:17
                      Remaking America
                      51:07
                      Economic Stimulus Package
                      51:39
                      Regulate Wall Street
                      52:02
                      American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
                      52:18
                      Don’t Ask. Don’t Tell Policy
                      54:42
                      Elena Kagan
                      55:17
                      New Immigrants
                      55:31
                      Example 1
                      57:27
                      Example 2
                      1:00:08
                      Example 3
                      1:04:35
                      Section 10: AP Practice Exam
                      AP Practice Exam, Section I: Multiple Choice and Short Answer

                      38m 33s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview of Exam
                      0:12
                      Multiple-Choice Section
                      1:57
                      What does It Include?
                      2:10
                      Background Information
                      2:43
                      Highlight
                      3:20
                      Completely Read the Question
                      4:33
                      Short-Answer Section
                      4:49
                      Four Questions
                      4:54
                      Complete Sentences
                      4:58
                      Thematic Learning Objectives
                      6:20
                      Sample AP U.S. History Test Answers
                      7:05
                      Multiple Choice Question 1
                      9:07
                      Multiple Choice Question 2
                      9:35
                      Multiple Choice Question 3
                      10:05
                      Multiple Choice Question 4
                      10:27
                      Multiple Choice Question 5
                      10:56
                      Multiple Choice Question 6
                      11:18
                      Multiple Choice Question 7
                      11:48
                      Multiple Choice Question 8
                      12:16
                      Multiple Choice Question 9
                      12:42
                      Multiple Choice Question 10
                      13:08
                      Multiple Choice Question 11
                      13:40
                      Multiple Choice Question 12
                      14:03
                      Multiple Choice Question 13
                      14:30
                      Multiple Choice Question 14
                      14:59
                      Multiple Choice Question 15
                      15:24
                      Multiple Choice Question 16
                      15:49
                      Multiple Choice Question 17
                      16:23
                      Multiple Choice Question 18
                      16:47
                      Multiple Choice Question 19
                      17:09
                      Multiple Choice Question 20
                      17:41
                      Multiple Choice Question 21
                      18:02
                      Multiple Choice Question 22
                      18:19
                      Multiple Choice Question 23
                      18:49
                      Multiple Choice Question 24
                      19:11
                      Multiple Choice Question 25
                      19:32
                      Multiple Choice Question 26
                      20:02
                      Multiple Choice Question 27
                      20:23
                      Multiple Choice Question 28
                      20:50
                      Multiple Choice Question 29
                      21:11
                      Multiple Choice Question 30
                      21:40
                      Multiple Choice Question 31
                      22:13
                      Multiple Choice Question 32
                      22:33
                      Multiple Choice Question 33
                      22:55
                      Multiple Choice Question 34
                      23:27
                      Multiple Choice Question 35
                      23:49
                      Multiple Choice Question 36
                      24:11
                      Multiple Choice Question 37
                      24:32
                      Multiple Choice Question 38
                      24:57
                      Multiple Choice Question 39
                      25:23
                      Multiple Choice Question 40
                      25:50
                      Multiple Choice Question 41
                      26:18
                      Multiple Choice Question 42
                      26:44
                      Multiple Choice Question 43
                      27:09
                      Multiple Choice Question 44
                      27:36
                      Multiple Choice Question 45
                      28:02
                      Multiple Choice Question 46
                      28:20
                      Multiple Choice Question 47
                      28:39
                      Multiple Choice Question 48
                      29:08
                      Multiple Choice Question 49
                      29:39
                      Multiple Choice Question 50
                      30:03
                      Multiple Choice Question 51
                      30:28
                      Multiple Choice Question 52
                      30:50
                      Multiple Choice Question 53
                      31:07
                      Multiple Choice Question 54
                      31:32
                      Multiple Choice Question 55
                      31:50
                      Short Question 1
                      32:35
                      Short Question 2
                      34:20
                      Short Question 3
                      36:11
                      Short Question 4
                      37:18
                      AP Practice Exam, Section II: Free Response

                      29m 24s

                      Intro
                      0:00
                      Overview
                      0:10
                      Free-Response Section: DBQ
                      1:38
                      Brainstorm and Jot Down What You Already Know
                      2:20
                      Highlighter
                      2:57
                      Use Outside Knowledge
                      5:11
                      Assess and Cite the Documents
                      5:32
                      Free-Response Section: Long Essay
                      7:02
                      Historical Thinking Skills
                      7:20
                      Thematic Learning Objectives
                      7:42
                      Include an Introduction
                      8:04
                      Supporting Evidence
                      8:20
                      Free-Response Section: DBQ
                      8:25
                      Introduction
                      9:41
                      Thesis
                      9:44
                      Body Paragraphs
                      10:14
                      Support With Evidence
                      10:33
                      Historical Phenomena
                      10:49
                      Synthesize the Above Components
                      10:56
                      Conclusion
                      11:06
                      Restate Thesis
                      11:25
                      Synthesize the Evidence
                      12:02
                      Sample Thesis
                      12:16
                      Document 1
                      21:53
                      Document 2
                      22:13
                      Document 3-7
                      22:43
                      Free-Response Section: Long Essay
                      23:21
                      Sample Thesis
                      24:36
                      Continuity Over Time
                      25:37
                      Change Over Time
                      26:24
                      Historical Thinking Skills and Use of Evidence
                      27:36
                      Conclusion and Analysis
                      28:10
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