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1970s, Ford and Carter

  • A delicate situation after Watergate Scandal but decides to pardon Nixon in order to heal the nation’s wounds but in some ways it did the opposite
  • Stagflation was a huge problem: he promoted a mostly voluntary plan: WIN (Whip Inflation Now) but it’s a failure--worsened economy
  • A conflict between Israel & Arab states of Egypt, Syria, & Jordan politicized OPEC between 1967 & 1973; b/c of U.S. support of Israel, OPEC declared oil embargo on US in Oct 1973
  • Jimmy Carter, Governor of GA & peanut farmer, Washington outsider & born-again Christian
  • Biggest domestic challenges: economic problems--stagflation (if the govt focused on the inflation side--forcing prices down by increasing taxes or raising interest rates--unemployment became worse), gas shortage/crisis
  • In 1977, he signed a treaty that turned that Panama Canal over to Panama (effective Dec. 31, 1999)
  • Arab-Israeli conflict--he helped facilitate peace talks between Sadat & Begin with the Camp David Accords
  • “Crisis of Confidence” speech emphasized people’s lack of faith in government, the Presidency, the economy because of inflation, and oil crisis--didn’t go over well with American public
  • ERA and Anti-ERA movement: NOW & other groups campaigned hard for its ratification but it fell short. Conservative women like Phyllis Schlafly fought against it
  • The Iran Hostage crisis challenged the U.S. and led to disillusionment with Carter by many
  • More about Jimmy Carter: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/introduction/carter-intro/
  • More about the ERA: http://video.pbs.org/video/2331409132/

1970s, Ford and Carter

Lecture Slides are screen-captured images of important points in the lecture. Students can download and print out these lecture slide images to do practice problems as well as take notes while watching the lecture.

  1. Intro
    • Overview
      • Gerald Ford: President After Nixon Resigns
      • Highlights of Ford Presidency
        • Oil Embargo After Yom Kippur War
        • OPEC Oil Embargo
        • Stagflation
          • Ford's Foreign Policy
          • Jimmy Carter, 1976-1980
          • Gas Shortages and Energy Crisis
          • Energy Consumption
            • Taking On Inflation
            • Three Mile Island
            • Goldsboro, PA
              • Nervous Humor
                • Carter's Foreign Policy
                • The Women's Movement in the 1970s
                • States That Ratified ERA
                  • Pro and Anti-ERA Marchers
                    • Other Feminist Activities
                      • Ms. Magazine
                        • Gay Rights Movement
                        • Rust Belt to Sun Belt
                          • Demographic Changes Affect Politics
                          • The “Me Generation”
                          • Pop Culture
                            • Televangelists and the New Right
                            • The Bakke Case
                            • Iran Hostage Crisis
                            • Example 1
                              • Example 2
                                • Example 3
                                  • Intro 0:00
                                  • Overview 0:06
                                  • Gerald Ford: President After Nixon Resigns 1:19
                                    • Stagflation
                                    • Whip Inflation Now
                                  • Highlights of Ford Presidency 2:20
                                  • Oil Embargo After Yom Kippur War 2:47
                                    • Politicized OPEC
                                    • Yom Kippur War
                                    • Declared Oil Embargo on U.S.
                                  • OPEC Oil Embargo 3:50
                                    • 400% Increase in Oil Prices
                                    • Oil Price Shock
                                    • Long Lines at Gas Stations
                                    • Economic Decline
                                    • Japanese Cars
                                    • Speed Limit
                                  • Stagflation 6:00
                                  • Ford's Foreign Policy 6:22
                                    • Helsinki Accords
                                    • Limit Arms
                                    • Accused of Engineering the Assassination of Foreign Leaders
                                    • George Bush
                                  • Jimmy Carter, 1976-1980 7:28
                                    • Granted Amnesty
                                    • Domestic Challenges
                                    • Crisis in Confidence
                                    • Images of Jimmy Carter
                                  • Gas Shortages and Energy Crisis 11:14
                                    • Gas Prices Soared
                                    • Raise Taxes on Crude Oil
                                    • People's Lack of Faith in Government
                                  • Energy Consumption 12:15
                                  • Taking On Inflation 12:40
                                    • Paul Volcker
                                    • An End to Inflation
                                  • Three Mile Island 13:01
                                    • Nuclear Power Spill
                                    • No New Nuclear Plants
                                    • 20% of all U.S. Power
                                  • Goldsboro, PA 14:28
                                  • Nervous Humor 14:38
                                  • Carter's Foreign Policy 15:25
                                    • Realism
                                    • Repressive Regimes
                                    • Panama Canal
                                    • Peace Talks between Sadat and Begin
                                  • The Women's Movement in the 1970s 20:17
                                    • Equal Rights Amendment
                                    • Ratification
                                    • A Reactionary Conservative Movement
                                  • States That Ratified ERA 21:15
                                  • Pro and Anti-ERA Marchers 22:39
                                  • Other Feminist Activities 23:30
                                  • Ms. Magazine 24:19
                                  • Gay Rights Movement 25:32
                                    • Stonewall Incident
                                    • Harvey Milk
                                    • Dan White
                                  • Rust Belt to Sun Belt 27:12
                                  • Demographic Changes Affect Politics 28:26
                                    • Latin America and Asia
                                    • 1965 Immigration Law
                                  • The “Me Generation” 29:06
                                    • Self-Absorption
                                    • Huge Health Trend
                                  • Pop Culture 29:42
                                  • Televangelists and the New Right 30:22
                                    • Religious Right
                                    • A Constitutional Ban
                                    • Mandatory Death Penalty
                                  • The Bakke Case 32:03
                                    • University of California v. Bakke
                                    • Reverse Discrimination
                                  • Iran Hostage Crisis 34:02
                                    • The Iranian Revolution
                                    • Ayatollah Khomeini
                                    • 66 U.S. Hostages
                                    • Economic Embargo and a Military Mission
                                    • Reagan's Inauguration
                                    • Images of Iran Hostage Crisis
                                  • Example 1 36:53
                                  • Example 2 40:07
                                  • Example 3 42:04
                                  Elizabeth Turro

                                  Elizabeth Turro

                                  1970s, Ford and Carter

                                  Slide Duration:

                                  Table of Contents

                                  Section 1: Period 1: 1491 - 1607
                                  The First Americans

                                  53m 30s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  “American” History?
                                  3:12
                                  Controversies with the Term, “America”
                                  3:24
                                  The Origin of the Term, “America”
                                  4:10
                                  The Peopling of the Americas
                                  4:40
                                  The Land Bridge Theory
                                  6:33
                                  How the First Americans come to the Continent
                                  6:44
                                  Evidence of the First Americans
                                  7:50
                                  The Three Major Waves of the First Americans
                                  8:27
                                  The First Wave
                                  8:40
                                  The Second Wave
                                  8:50
                                  The Third Wave
                                  8:57
                                  The Controversial of Kennewick Man
                                  9:12
                                  The Native Americans
                                  9:47
                                  The Three Sisters
                                  9:50
                                  The Effects of Agricultural Surplus
                                  10:26
                                  The Three Sisters
                                  11:09
                                  Mayas and Aztecs of Mesoamerica
                                  11:57
                                  Olmec Civilization
                                  11:45
                                  Subsequent
                                  12:36
                                  Mayan Society
                                  12:52
                                  Jaguar Temple in Tikal (Mayan Temple)
                                  13:17
                                  Mayan Calendar
                                  15:11
                                  Mayans
                                  15:43
                                  Priests Ruled Society
                                  15:53
                                  The Decline of the Mayan Civilization
                                  16:03
                                  Aztecs
                                  16:40
                                  Tenochtitlan
                                  16:51
                                  Aztec Priests and Warrior Nobles
                                  17:12
                                  Incas
                                  17:39
                                  Introduction of the Incas
                                  18:06
                                  Summary of Mayans, Aztecs and Incas
                                  18:29
                                  Map of Native American Cultural Areas
                                  18:55
                                  The Indians of the North of Rio Grande
                                  20:15
                                  Clan-Based and Egalitarian Society
                                  20:36
                                  Why the Indians did not Develop into an Advanced Group?
                                  21:22
                                  Self-Governing Tribes
                                  22:28
                                  Southwest Settlements
                                  22:51
                                  Hohokam, Anasazi, Pueblos
                                  23:00
                                  The Decline of the Southwest Settlements
                                  23:47
                                  Architectural Site of a Southwest Settlement
                                  24:01
                                  Underground Kivas of the Anasazi
                                  24:05
                                  Zunis, Acomas and Hopis
                                  24:36
                                  Artifacts From the Southwest
                                  24:49
                                  Lives of the Pueblo People
                                  25:10
                                  Ancient Apartment buildings of Anasazi and Petroglyph
                                  25:42
                                  Midwest Settlements
                                  26:39
                                  Adena-Hopewells
                                  26:42
                                  Cahokia
                                  27:25
                                  The Decline of the Mississippian Civilization
                                  28:07
                                  Muskogean and Algonquian Speaking Societies
                                  28:18
                                  Hopewell Mound
                                  28:51
                                  The Great Serpent Mound
                                  29:07
                                  The Culture of Mississippians
                                  29:15
                                  Animists
                                  29:53
                                  Northeast Settlements
                                  30:33
                                  Hunting and Farming-Based Society
                                  30:48
                                  Iroquois Confederation
                                  30:57
                                  Iroquois Women at Work, 1724
                                  32:42
                                  Matrilineal Society
                                  33:27
                                  Iroquois Creation Myth
                                  33:38
                                  Dominant Economic Activity
                                  35:35
                                  The “New World”
                                  36:27
                                  Example 1
                                  37:26
                                  Example 2
                                  43:15
                                  Example 3
                                  44:44
                                  Example 4
                                  50:59
                                  Interactions of Europeans, Native Americans and Africans

                                  55m

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:50
                                  Europeans Encounters Africans and the Americans 1450-1550
                                  2:51
                                  European Agricultural Society - Yeomen
                                  3:42
                                  Hierarchical Social Order
                                  4:39
                                  Hierarchy
                                  4:59
                                  Inheritance and Religious Influences
                                  5:32
                                  Dower and Primogeniture
                                  5:33
                                  Religious Influences
                                  6:00
                                  Importance of Religious History
                                  6:43
                                  Pagans and Animists
                                  6:53
                                  Crusades
                                  7:20
                                  Christian Identity of Europeans
                                  7:56
                                  Absorption of Arab Knowledge
                                  8:08
                                  The Renaissance and The Age of Exploration
                                  8:57
                                  The Black Death
                                  9:16
                                  The Renaissance
                                  9:34
                                  Improvements in Technology
                                  11:15
                                  Prince Henry the Navigator
                                  11:51
                                  Gunpowder
                                  13:00
                                  West Africa and the Mediterranean in the 15th Century
                                  13:50
                                  Sea of Darkness
                                  14:28
                                  Madeira and Azore Islands
                                  14:47
                                  The Development of the Slave Trade System
                                  15:00
                                  Trade Routes in the Sub-Saharan Region
                                  15:21
                                  Trade Routes in the Globe
                                  16:45
                                  West African Society and Slavery
                                  17:31
                                  Geographical Location
                                  18:21
                                  Trading of Goods
                                  18:50
                                  Languages
                                  19:22
                                  Spiritual Beliefs
                                  20:01
                                  Effects of European Traders
                                  20:16
                                  Europeans and Africans Trade
                                  20:56
                                  Vasco da Gama
                                  21:28
                                  Slave Trade
                                  22:00
                                  War Captives and Criminals
                                  23:15
                                  Portuguese Traders and Slavery
                                  24:19
                                  Elmina, Foree, Mpinda and Loango
                                  24:30
                                  Sugar Plantations
                                  25:13
                                  Shipping to the America
                                  25:56
                                  Europeans Explore America
                                  26:19
                                  Spanish Monarchs, King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabel of Castile
                                  26:26
                                  Arranged Marriage
                                  26:52
                                  The Capture of Granada
                                  27:33
                                  Ferdinand and Isabella
                                  27:42
                                  Christopher Columbus
                                  27:58
                                  Two Goals
                                  28:26
                                  Christopher Columbus
                                  28:47
                                  Native Inhabitants
                                  29:12
                                  The Three Expeditions
                                  29:31
                                  Colonization of the West Indies
                                  30:22
                                  Amerigo Vespucci
                                  30:40
                                  The Spanish Conquest
                                  31:02
                                  Reconquista
                                  31:18
                                  Hernan Cortes
                                  31:37
                                  Moctezuma
                                  31:50
                                  Superior European Military Technology
                                  32:11
                                  Conquistadors and Disease
                                  32:44
                                  Francisco Pizarro
                                  33:30
                                  Conquistadors and Encomiendas
                                  33:43
                                  Columbian Exchange Map
                                  34:52
                                  Columbian Exchange
                                  36:20
                                  The Definition of Columbian Exchange
                                  36:21
                                  The Gold and Silver from Aztecs
                                  36:46
                                  Spanish Colonization of Americas
                                  37:15
                                  Spaniards Migration
                                  37:22
                                  Mestizo Population
                                  37:51
                                  Effects of Spanish Conquest
                                  38:27
                                  Introduction of Pigs
                                  38:36
                                  Steel Weapons
                                  38:48
                                  Smallpox
                                  38:57
                                  European Treatment of Native Americans
                                  39:20
                                  “Inferiority”
                                  39:35
                                  Spanish Policy
                                  40:25
                                  Latin American Social Hierarchy
                                  41:21
                                  Las Casas and Missionaries
                                  42:20
                                  Bartolome de Las Casas
                                  43:06
                                  In Defense of the Indians
                                  43:10
                                  Enslavement of Africans
                                  43:58
                                  Example 1
                                  44:32
                                  Example 2
                                  47:45
                                  Example 3
                                  49:56
                                  Example 4
                                  52:21
                                  The Protestant Reformation, Early Dutch and British Colonization and The Price Revolution

                                  45m 42s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:10
                                  The Protestant Reformation (Early 16th Century) and the Rise of England
                                  2:00
                                  Protestant Reformation
                                  3:33
                                  Spain's Loss of its Position
                                  4:16
                                  The Protestant Movements and Religious Conflicts
                                  4:23
                                  Religious Wars
                                  4:32
                                  Protestant Nations
                                  4:49
                                  Catholic Church
                                  5:02
                                  Martin Luther
                                  5:16
                                  Martin Luther
                                  5:47
                                  Grace
                                  6:07
                                  Dismissed the Need for Priests
                                  6:24
                                  Bible as the Ultimate Authority
                                  6:48
                                  Peasants' Social Protests
                                  7:11
                                  The Peace of Augsburg
                                  7:30
                                  John Calvin and Calvinism
                                  7:58
                                  Calvinism
                                  8:50
                                  Institutes of the Christian Religion and Predestination
                                  9:13
                                  The Chances of Salvation
                                  9:33
                                  The New Creed
                                  9:49
                                  The Anglican Church
                                  10:09
                                  The Presbyterian Church
                                  11:15
                                  Puritans
                                  11:33
                                  Religious Diversity in Europe, 1600
                                  11:53
                                  Radical Religious Groups
                                  13:09
                                  Migration to America
                                  13:57
                                  The Dutch and English Challenge Spain
                                  14:32
                                  John Cabot
                                  15:12
                                  King Philip II of Spain
                                  15:46
                                  Dutch (Holland)
                                  16:05
                                  Queen Eliz. I
                                  16:28
                                  Holland on the Rise
                                  17:17
                                  The Spanish Armada
                                  17:48
                                  Philip II
                                  18:12
                                  The Rise of the Dutch
                                  18:48
                                  Henry Hudson
                                  18:58
                                  Amsterdam
                                  19:55
                                  West India Company
                                  20:28
                                  Furtrading Colony of New Netherland
                                  20:42
                                  Dutch Colonies and Hudson River Valley
                                  21:22
                                  Mercantilism
                                  22:01
                                  Parliamentary Policies
                                  23:36
                                  Enrichment of Britain
                                  23:48
                                  Mercantilist Policies
                                  24:48
                                  Rise of Economy
                                  24:50
                                  Queen Eliz
                                  25:48
                                  The Domestic English Textile Industry
                                  26:11
                                  Merchant-Oriented Policies
                                  26:48
                                  Triangular Trade
                                  27:00
                                  Complex View of the Atlantic Trade System
                                  28:05
                                  The Social Causes of English Colonization
                                  28:57
                                  Merchant Fleets and Manufactures
                                  29:26
                                  Price Revolution
                                  29:39
                                  Creating Representative Government
                                  30:08
                                  Price Revolution Graph
                                  30:36
                                  Price Revolution
                                  31:10
                                  Expansion of the Textile Industry
                                  31:21
                                  Indentured Servants
                                  31:58
                                  A New Collision
                                  33:00
                                  Example I
                                  33:21
                                  Example II
                                  36:43
                                  A Comparison of Colonization and Settlement Patterns

                                  57m 28s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:10
                                  Spanish Settlements in North America
                                  1:46
                                  Spanish Adventurers
                                  1:50
                                  Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
                                  3:02
                                  Hernan de Soto
                                  4:45
                                  St Augustine
                                  5:24
                                  Spanish Exploration in North America
                                  5:38
                                  St. Augustine
                                  8:00
                                  Indian Attacks and Spanish Response
                                  8:49
                                  Comprehensive Orders of New Discoveries
                                  9:10
                                  Pacification of Indians
                                  9:48
                                  Franciscan Friars
                                  10:38
                                  Images Related to Spanish Colonization
                                  12:13
                                  San Antonio Mission
                                  12:29
                                  Pope
                                  13:29
                                  Native American Response to Spanish Policies
                                  14:28
                                  Attitude towards Franciscans
                                  14:39
                                  Sante Fe
                                  16:03
                                  Pueblo Revolt
                                  16:23
                                  Pueblos Joining the Spaniards
                                  18:15
                                  What did Spain Achieve?
                                  19:05
                                  Settled San Diego and San Francisco
                                  19:50
                                  Development of the Rigid Class System
                                  20:17
                                  New Spain
                                  22:21
                                  Spanish Class System
                                  22:51
                                  The French Explore and Settle in North America
                                  24:20
                                  Giovanni da Verrazano
                                  24:30
                                  Voyages of Jacques
                                  25:33
                                  Quebec
                                  26:20
                                  Louisiana
                                  27:42
                                  Fur trade and Relations with Native Americans
                                  28:09
                                  The Hurons
                                  28:20
                                  Devastating Indian Wars
                                  30:22
                                  The New York Iroquois
                                  31:30
                                  The Confederation of Five Nations
                                  31:43
                                  Iroquois Five Nations
                                  32:07
                                  The French Also Sought Converts
                                  32:30
                                  The Needs of the Indians
                                  33:20
                                  Threat to Native Population
                                  33:48
                                  The Dutch Explore and Settle in North America
                                  34:29
                                  Joint-Stock Company
                                  36:14
                                  The Town of New Amsterdam
                                  38:01
                                  Encouragement of Migration
                                  38:25
                                  New Amsterdam, Dutch Style, Fort-Like Trading post
                                  39:08
                                  New Amsterdam
                                  39:42
                                  Fort Orange
                                  39:46
                                  Taverns Outnumbered Churches
                                  40:10
                                  Seizing Farming Land
                                  41:11
                                  Welcoming Settlers from Other Nations
                                  42:31
                                  The Brits Take Over and Rename the Settlement New York
                                  43:07
                                  Ignoring the Requests for Representative Government
                                  43:18
                                  Second Anglo-Dutch War
                                  44:08
                                  The Duke of York
                                  44:17
                                  Hudsob River and Dutch Colonies in Green
                                  45:35
                                  New York Divided and New Jersey is Formed
                                  46:12
                                  Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret
                                  46:50
                                  East and West Jersey
                                  47:03
                                  Quakers
                                  48:22
                                  Queen Anne
                                  48:38
                                  Example 1
                                  49:10
                                  Example 2
                                  54:24
                                  England's Tobacco Colonies, Jamestown, Bacon's Rebellion

                                  55m 26s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:09
                                  Areas Colonized by 1660
                                  0:45
                                  Early British Ventures in North America and Roanoke Island
                                  1:48
                                  Sir Humphrey Gilbert
                                  2:20
                                  Sir Ferdinando Gorge
                                  2:57
                                  Sir Walter Raleigh
                                  3:20
                                  Croatoan
                                  3:57
                                  The Chesapeake Colonies
                                  4:51
                                  Populous Colonies
                                  4:59
                                  Indentured Servants
                                  5:27
                                  Virginia
                                  6:49
                                  Jamestown
                                  7:14
                                  Virginia Company
                                  7:16
                                  Corporate Colony
                                  8:44
                                  Harsh Life
                                  8:57
                                  Finding Gold
                                  9:51
                                  The Man, the Myth, the Legend
                                  10:17
                                  Powhatan and Captain John Smith
                                  11:51
                                  Powhatan
                                  12:06
                                  Opechancanough
                                  13:12
                                  Captain Smith
                                  14:22
                                  Powhatan and Pocahontas
                                  15:37
                                  Marriage
                                  16:03
                                  Introduction of Tobacco
                                  16:59
                                  Jamestown Government
                                  17:58
                                  The “Starving Time” and Tobacco
                                  18:35
                                  Disease and Famine
                                  19:27
                                  Cannibalism
                                  19:32
                                  Brown Gold
                                  20:05
                                  The VA Company Encourages Settlement
                                  20:40
                                  Headright System
                                  20:50
                                  House of Burgesses
                                  21:57
                                  Backlash of Powhatan
                                  22:51
                                  War led by Opechancanough
                                  23:40
                                  Indian Fields seized by the English
                                  24:15
                                  Virginia Becomes a Royal Colony
                                  24:40
                                  A Royal Colony
                                  25:05
                                  The Church of England
                                  26:23
                                  Maryland Is Established
                                  26:37
                                  George Calvert
                                  27:02
                                  A Safe Haven for Catholics
                                  28:09
                                  Cecil Calvert Takes Over
                                  28:54
                                  Cecil Calvert
                                  28:58
                                  An Act of Toleration
                                  29:51
                                  Protestant Revolt
                                  31:33
                                  Hard Times and Labor Shortages
                                  31:52
                                  Raising Prices of Exports
                                  32:55
                                  Sir William Berkeley
                                  34:11
                                  Nathaniel Bacon
                                  34:43
                                  Bacon's Rebellion
                                  35:17
                                  Building Frontier Forts
                                  36:02
                                  Berkeley Arrested Bacon
                                  36:47
                                  Political Reforms and Restoring the Rights of Voting
                                  37:15
                                  Nathaniel Bacon and the Site That His Followers Occupied
                                  37:36
                                  Aftermath and Effects of Bacon's Rebellion
                                  37:49
                                  Manifesto and Declaration of the People
                                  37:58
                                  Sharp Class Difference
                                  38:15
                                  Early Indication of Colonial Resistance
                                  39:38
                                  The First African Workers Arrive and Slavery Supplants Indentured Servitude
                                  40:12
                                  The First African Workers
                                  40:18
                                  English Common Law
                                  41:24
                                  Lowering the Status of Africans
                                  42:23
                                  Analyzing Primary Sources
                                  43:46
                                  Example 1
                                  44:26
                                  Example 2
                                  48:05
                                  Example 3
                                  51:10
                                  Example 4
                                  51:59
                                  Section 2: Period 2: 1607 - 1754
                                  Puritan New England, The Pequots And Metacom's Rebellion

                                  1h 3m 53s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:09
                                  Puritan Migration
                                  1:20
                                  Pilgrim Separatists Sail to North America
                                  2:29
                                  Elizabeth I
                                  2:47
                                  Separatists
                                  4:10
                                  Mayflower
                                  4:20
                                  The Mayflower and Pilgrims
                                  5:25
                                  64-Day Voyage
                                  5:43
                                  Pilgrims
                                  6:00
                                  The Mayflower Compact
                                  6:35
                                  Self-Government
                                  7:12
                                  Just and Equal Laws
                                  8:06
                                  Grim Conditions for the Pilgrims at Plymouth
                                  9:55
                                  William Bradford
                                  10:28
                                  The Local Wampanoag Tribe
                                  11:12
                                  Thanksgiving Holiday
                                  12:59
                                  Puritans Arrive in MA Bay Colony in 1630
                                  14:00
                                  Arabella
                                  14:13
                                  John Winthrop
                                  14:18
                                  More Puritans Follow the Pilgrims
                                  16:15
                                  The Anglican Church
                                  16:28
                                  Massachusetts Bay Colony
                                  17:19
                                  Joint-Stock Corporation
                                  17:53
                                  Puritan Governance and Society
                                  19:19
                                  John Winthrop
                                  19:24
                                  Holy Commonwealth
                                  20:30
                                  Creation of the Theocracy
                                  21:19
                                  The Role of Church and the Bible
                                  22:16
                                  Pious, Patriarchal Puritans
                                  23:57
                                  Patriarchal Society
                                  24:57
                                  Predestination
                                  26:04
                                  Three Ways to Deal With Uncertainties
                                  26:40
                                  Puritan Dissenters
                                  27:21
                                  Roger Williams
                                  28:05
                                  Anne Hutchinson
                                  29:34
                                  Antinomianism
                                  30:42
                                  More Dissent and New Colonies
                                  31:24
                                  Thomas Hooker
                                  31:40
                                  The Fundamental Orders
                                  31:51
                                  Puritanism and Witchcraft
                                  33:21
                                  Witchcraft
                                  37:45
                                  European Enlightenment
                                  39:16
                                  Puritans Value Education
                                  39:53
                                  Puritan Law
                                  40:19
                                  Harvard College
                                  40:32
                                  Tight-Knit Yeoman Society
                                  41:14
                                  Town Meeting
                                  42:42
                                  Proprietors
                                  43:51
                                  A Socioeconomic Hierarchy
                                  44:22
                                  Puritan Town and Village Map
                                  44:45
                                  Halfway Covenant
                                  46:03
                                  Clergy
                                  46:30
                                  New England Congregationalists
                                  46:46
                                  Partial Church Members
                                  47:25
                                  Map of Algonquian Peoples In MA
                                  48:17
                                  Puritans and Pequots
                                  49:36
                                  Pequot Warriors
                                  50:00
                                  Savages
                                  50:32
                                  Praying Towns
                                  51:12
                                  The Wampanoag and Metacom's Rebellion
                                  51:40
                                  Peaceful Relations with Wampanoag
                                  51:50
                                  Metacom
                                  52:47
                                  The White Settlements
                                  53:20
                                  Losses of the Rebellion
                                  54:15
                                  Metacom
                                  55:24
                                  Example 1
                                  56:06
                                  Example 2
                                  59:10
                                  Example 3
                                  1:01:13
                                  The British Empire in North America, Part I

                                  1h 3m 58s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  Restoration Colonies
                                  1:43
                                  Charles II
                                  2:17
                                  South and North Carolina
                                  2:49
                                  Feudal Manors
                                  3:13
                                  Map
                                  4:49
                                  Georgia Founded Later in 1732
                                  5:55
                                  A Buffer
                                  6:10
                                  James Oglethorpe
                                  6:20
                                  Charles II Grants Proprietorships
                                  7:58
                                  A Gentry Class
                                  8:41
                                  Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina
                                  9:25
                                  The Carolinas
                                  10:15
                                  Rebellion of the English Quakers
                                  10:40
                                  South Carolinians
                                  11:58
                                  Pennsylvania
                                  13:15
                                  William Penn
                                  14:48
                                  Inner Light
                                  15:08
                                  Church Services
                                  16:14
                                  William Penn
                                  17:00
                                  The Society of Friends
                                  17:35
                                  Holy Experiment
                                  18:04
                                  City of Brotherly Love
                                  18:17
                                  Pennsylvania's Frame of Government
                                  18:36
                                  Guaranteed Religious Freedom
                                  19:32
                                  Persecuted Protestants
                                  20:50
                                  Political Factionalism
                                  21:53
                                  The British Increase Pressure on the Colonies
                                  22:52
                                  Navigation Act in 1651
                                  24:19
                                  Navigation Act in 1660
                                  25:56
                                  Navigation Act in 1663
                                  26:30
                                  English Domination of Commerce
                                  27:02
                                  The Revenue Act of 1673
                                  27:22
                                  Commercial Wars
                                  27:58
                                  A Punitive Legal Strategy
                                  28:57
                                  Divine Right
                                  30:10
                                  The Dominion of New England
                                  30:46
                                  The Dominion
                                  31:11
                                  Sir Edmund Andros
                                  31:42
                                  English Law and Customs
                                  32:53
                                  Excerpts From the Commission of Sir Edmund Andros
                                  33:20
                                  Imposing Levy Rates and Taxes
                                  33:44
                                  Executing Martial Law
                                  34:22
                                  Britain's American Empire in 1713
                                  34:45
                                  Dominion of New England and Sir Edmund Andros
                                  37:27
                                  The Glorious Revolution and Its Effects
                                  38:30
                                  Glorious Revolution
                                  38:56
                                  Mary and Williams of Orange
                                  39:12
                                  Constitutional Monarchs
                                  39:28
                                  The English Bill of Rights in 1689 and the Enlightenment
                                  41:43
                                  The English Bill of Rights
                                  41:50
                                  British Parliament
                                  42:05
                                  Two Treatises of Government
                                  42:59
                                  The Leviathan Absolutist State
                                  44:28
                                  The Demise of the Dominion of New England
                                  46:03
                                  Broke Up of the Dominion of New England
                                  46:42
                                  A New Royal Colony
                                  47:06
                                  The Restoration of Internal Self-Government
                                  47:59
                                  Board of Trade
                                  48:16
                                  Example 1
                                  48:54
                                  Example 2
                                  51:29
                                  Example 3
                                  54:36
                                  The British Empire in North America, Part II

                                  1h 58s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Imperial Wars and Native People
                                  3:13
                                  Carolinas Armed with the Creek
                                  3:50
                                  Fighting in the North
                                  5:03
                                  The Abenakis and Mohawks
                                  5:08
                                  Aggressive Neutrality
                                  6:09
                                  Treaty of Utrecht
                                  6:37
                                  Western Indian Trade
                                  7:03
                                  Britain's Supremacy
                                  7:24
                                  The Imperial Slave Economy
                                  7:40
                                  The South Atlantic System
                                  7:53
                                  The Sugar Plantations
                                  9:27
                                  Sugar Revolution
                                  10:09
                                  Most Profitable Crop
                                  10:21
                                  Negative Effects
                                  11:06
                                  Africa, Africans and the Slave Trade
                                  12:03
                                  Changing the West African Society
                                  12:36
                                  Benin
                                  13:02
                                  The Imbalance of the Sexes
                                  13:33
                                  Slave Trade
                                  14:00
                                  Middle Passage
                                  15:09
                                  Slavery in the Chesapeake and SC
                                  17:58
                                  A Slave Society
                                  18:10
                                  An African American Community
                                  20:28
                                  The Gullah Dialect
                                  21:06
                                  A Black Majority Emerges in South Carolina
                                  21:50
                                  Images of Slavery
                                  22:40
                                  Resistance and Accommodation
                                  26:34
                                  Drastic Limits on African Americans
                                  26:45
                                  Slave Protests
                                  27:35
                                  Stono Rebellion of 1739
                                  29:24
                                  Stono Rebellion
                                  29:58
                                  The Emergence of the Southern Gentry
                                  30:49
                                  Patriarchal Society
                                  31:03
                                  The Planter Elite
                                  31:08
                                  Owning a Slave
                                  32:33
                                  Gentility
                                  33:41
                                  Gentility
                                  33:46
                                  The Profits of the South Atlantic System
                                  34:42
                                  The Northern Urban Shipbuilding Economy
                                  35:01
                                  Bills of Exchange
                                  35:48
                                  Shipbuilding and the Distilling of Rum
                                  36:33
                                  Commerce in Lumber and Shipbuilding
                                  36:55
                                  Wealthy Landowners and Merchants
                                  37:13
                                  The Rise of Colonial Assemblies
                                  37:55
                                  Ruling With Gentle Hand
                                  37:13
                                  American Representative Assemblies
                                  39:02
                                  The Rising Power of the Colonial Assemblies
                                  39:20
                                  The Power of the People Began to Grow
                                  40:18
                                  Crowd Actions
                                  40:22
                                  Representative Political Institutions
                                  40:33
                                  Salutary Neglect
                                  41:07
                                  Constitutional Monarchism
                                  42:07
                                  The Prime Minister
                                  42:50
                                  Radical Whigs
                                  43:07
                                  Faction
                                  43:12
                                  Incompetent Royal Bureaucracy
                                  43:41
                                  Walpole
                                  44:24
                                  Navigations Act
                                  44:34
                                  A Degree of Independence
                                  44:44
                                  Walpole's Concerns
                                  45:04
                                  War Against Spain
                                  45:29
                                  War of Jenkin's Ear
                                  46:30
                                  War of Austrian Succession
                                  46:52
                                  The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
                                  48:36
                                  The America Economic Challenge
                                  49:04
                                  Navigations Act
                                  49:07
                                  The Molasses Act of 1733
                                  49:52
                                  The Currency Act
                                  50:20
                                  Example 1
                                  51:48
                                  Example 2
                                  55:42
                                  Example 3
                                  59:52
                                  Freehold New England and Diverse Middle Colonies

                                  32m 29s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  Freehold Society in New England
                                  1:03
                                  Freeholders
                                  2:25
                                  Women and the Rural Household
                                  2:42
                                  Patriarchal Society
                                  3:06
                                  Farm Property and Inheritance
                                  4:58
                                  Laborer to Freeholder
                                  5:39
                                  Women Relinquished Ownership
                                  6:43
                                  Whole Communities
                                  7:25
                                  Challenges for Freehold Society
                                  7:30
                                  Double of the NE Population
                                  7:44
                                  Families' Petition
                                  8:56
                                  Livestock Economy
                                  10:15
                                  Preserving the Freehold Ideal
                                  10:28
                                  The Hudson River Manors
                                  10:49
                                  The Middle Atlantic Colonial Society
                                  12:23
                                  Grain Exports
                                  13:07
                                  The Hudson River Valley
                                  13:56
                                  Rural Pennsylvania and New Jersey
                                  14:45
                                  Economic Changes in Mid Atlantic
                                  15:03
                                  Social Division
                                  15:17
                                  “Outwork” Manufacturing System
                                  15:42
                                  Cultural and Religious Diversity
                                  16:13
                                  Cultural Diversity: Quakers and Germans
                                  18:47
                                  Preserving Cultural Identities of Migrants
                                  19:02
                                  German Cultural Heritage
                                  20:25
                                  Scots-Irish
                                  20:39
                                  Movement of Scots-Irish
                                  20:50
                                  Presbyterian Faith
                                  21:28
                                  Religious Identity and Political Conflict
                                  21:52
                                  Demanding a More Aggressive Indian Policy
                                  22:15
                                  Opposition to the Quakers
                                  22:51
                                  Economic and Demographic Changes in Mid Atlantic
                                  24:18
                                  Example 1
                                  25:51
                                  Example 2
                                  28:00
                                  Example 3
                                  29:38
                                  The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening in America

                                  44m 4s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  The Enlightenment
                                  3:04
                                  The Age of Reason
                                  3:33
                                  Empirical Research and Scientific Reasoning
                                  5:25
                                  Influential Enlightenment Ideas
                                  6:45
                                  Four Fundamental Principles
                                  7:29
                                  John Locke
                                  8:03
                                  Two Treaties of Government
                                  9:28
                                  Revolutionary Ideas
                                  11:46
                                  Two Non-clergy-led Universities
                                  13:39
                                  Deism
                                  14:32
                                  Accordance with the Law of Nature
                                  14:50
                                  Ben Franklin
                                  15:50
                                  Ben Franklin
                                  16:02
                                  Key Contributor of American Revolution
                                  16:45
                                  Founder of the Junto Club
                                  17:12
                                  American Philosophical Society
                                  17:22
                                  Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanak
                                  18:16
                                  Almanacs
                                  18:25
                                  Richard Saunders
                                  18:35
                                  Wise Maxims
                                  18:49
                                  American Pietism
                                  19:53
                                  Pietism
                                  20:12
                                  Evangelical Christian Movement
                                  20:27
                                  Jonathan Edwards
                                  22:04
                                  The Great Awakening
                                  22:18
                                  Christian Zeal
                                  22:24
                                  George Whitefield
                                  23:10
                                  New Light
                                  23:48
                                  George Whitefield
                                  24:06
                                  The Great Awakening
                                  24:46
                                  Growth of Churches
                                  24:52
                                  Emotionalism, Revivalism, Evangelicalism
                                  24:58
                                  Itinerant Ministers
                                  25:32
                                  New Colleges
                                  25:42
                                  Jonathan Edwards
                                  26:14
                                  Revivalist and Intellectual
                                  27:01
                                  Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God
                                  27:20
                                  Eternal Damnation
                                  27:42
                                  Religious Upheaval in the North
                                  28:34
                                  Old Light
                                  28:38
                                  Unconverted Sinners
                                  30:22
                                  Separatist Churches
                                  30:35
                                  Presbyterianism
                                  31:26
                                  Protestant Church Government
                                  31:31
                                  Geneva, Switzerland
                                  31:50
                                  Hostility of Irish Catholics
                                  32:13
                                  Reverend William Tennent
                                  32:39
                                  Scots-lrish Immigrant
                                  32:49
                                  Log College
                                  33:16
                                  Picture
                                  34:02
                                  Effects of the Great Awakening
                                  34:08
                                  Americans
                                  34:45
                                  Emotionalism
                                  35:30
                                  The Congregational and Presbyterian
                                  36:45
                                  Baptists and Methodists
                                  37:10
                                  Growth in the Number of Churches
                                  37:35
                                  Example 1
                                  38:07
                                  Example 2
                                  41:09
                                  The Great Awakening Spreads to the South and the French and Indian War

                                  39m 53s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:10
                                  Social and Religious Conflict in the South
                                  1:48
                                  Challenging the Church of England and the Planter Elite
                                  2:01
                                  Freeholders
                                  2:51
                                  Religious Pluralism
                                  3:16
                                  Baptist Revivals
                                  4:02
                                  Baptist Revivals
                                  4:41
                                  Free Born Male Members
                                  5:37
                                  A New Religious identity
                                  6:14
                                  The First Three Wars
                                  6:40
                                  King William’s War
                                  7:22
                                  Queen Anne's War
                                  8:46
                                  King George's War
                                  8:47
                                  The Seven Years' War
                                  9:42
                                  French and Indian War
                                  9:50
                                  Iroquois Strategy
                                  11:10
                                  Beginning of French and Indian War
                                  12:05
                                  Ohio Valley
                                  12:40
                                  Fort Necessity
                                  13:17
                                  Join, Or Die
                                  13:49
                                  Pennsylvania Gazette
                                  16:30
                                  Ben Franklin's Albany Plan
                                  16:50
                                  The Board of Trade
                                  17:39
                                  One General Government
                                  17:54
                                  Significance of the Albany Plan
                                  18:53
                                  Demands for American Independence
                                  18:56
                                  Stamp Act Congress
                                  19:37
                                  Map of Conflicting Imperial Claims
                                  21:04
                                  The French and Indian War
                                  21:35
                                  Nova Scotia
                                  21:39
                                  Seven Years' War
                                  22:17
                                  William Henry
                                  22:31
                                  French and Indian War Map
                                  22:56
                                  End of War
                                  23:36
                                  Treaty of Easton
                                  23:38
                                  Quebec
                                  24:02
                                  The Treaty of Paris
                                  24:30
                                  Boundaries After Treaty of Paris
                                  25:40
                                  Pontiac's Rebellion
                                  26:33
                                  Ottawa Chief Pontiac
                                  26:37
                                  Indian Alliance
                                  27:49
                                  British Era
                                  28:11
                                  Other Effects of the War
                                  28:49
                                  American Military Ineptitude
                                  29:27
                                  Huge Debt
                                  30:10
                                  Defied the New Treaty
                                  31:15
                                  Paxton Boys
                                  32:10
                                  Example 1
                                  32:53
                                  Example 2
                                  35:44
                                  Example 3
                                  37:55
                                  Section 3: Period 3: 1754-1800
                                  British Reorganization After the French and Indian War and Colonial Protest

                                  42m 59s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:10
                                  British Shift in Policy Toward Colonists
                                  1:00
                                  Higher Import Duties
                                  1:46
                                  Discriminatory British Policies
                                  3:44
                                  British Expenditures and Revenue
                                  4:04
                                  British Law and Imperial Reform
                                  4:57
                                  The Supremacy of Parliamentary Laws
                                  5:02
                                  Second-Class Subjects
                                  5:22
                                  Currency Act
                                  6:02
                                  The Sugar Act
                                  6:46
                                  Navigation Act Loophole
                                  7:01
                                  Vice-Admiralty Court
                                  7:45
                                  The Stamp Act and Quartering Act Passed
                                  8:28
                                  Stamp Act
                                  8:39
                                  First Direct Tax
                                  9:06
                                  Quartering Act
                                  10:06
                                  Declaratory Act
                                  10:33
                                  Colonists Begin to Rebel
                                  11:21
                                  Virtual Representation
                                  11:38
                                  Patriots
                                  12:23
                                  Enlightenment Ideas
                                  12:51
                                  The Colonial Response
                                  15:06
                                  James Otis of MA
                                  15:24
                                  Stamp Act Congress
                                  15:32
                                  The Sons of Liberty
                                  16:18
                                  The Bostonians Paying the Exciseman or Tarring and Feathering
                                  17:08
                                  Extreme Measures
                                  17:46
                                  A British View
                                  19:02
                                  The Repeal or the Funeral Procession of Miss Ame-Stamp
                                  19:49
                                  Stamp Act Repealed
                                  22:01
                                  Declaratory Act
                                  22:15
                                  The Townshend Acts
                                  22:52
                                  Refuse to Drink Tea
                                  23:03
                                  More Acts, More Restrictions
                                  23:30
                                  The Revenue Act
                                  23:38
                                  Quartering Act
                                  24:24
                                  More Forms of Resistance
                                  24:56
                                  Daughters of Liberty, Boycotts and Homespuns
                                  25:06
                                  Boycotts of British Goods
                                  26:50
                                  Trade as a Political Weapon
                                  27:26
                                  Some Notable Patriots
                                  27:57
                                  Patrick Henry
                                  28:04
                                  John Adams
                                  28:49
                                  The Boston Massacre
                                  30:11
                                  The Boston Massacre
                                  30:19
                                  Paul Revere
                                  31:28
                                  Committees of Correspondence
                                  32:11
                                  The Rights and Grievances of the Colonists
                                  32:36
                                  More Organized Attempt
                                  32:47
                                  The Boston Tea Party: Reaction to Tea Act
                                  33:07
                                  Mohawk Indians
                                  33:23
                                  Crates of Tea
                                  33:47
                                  Sons of Liberty
                                  34:04
                                  British Reaction to Boston Tea Party
                                  34:43
                                  Closing Down the Port
                                  35:07
                                  Coercive Acts
                                  35:35
                                  Example 1
                                  36:06
                                  Example 2
                                  38:47
                                  The Road to Revolution

                                  42m 3s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  Coercive or “Intolerable” Acts
                                  1:54
                                  Self-Rule Acts
                                  2:52
                                  The Quebec Act
                                  3:40
                                  King George and Parliament
                                  4:07
                                  Colonial Response
                                  4:18
                                  Committees of Correspondence
                                  4:20
                                  The House of Burgesses
                                  5:25
                                  Thomas Jefferson
                                  6:08
                                  First Continental Congress
                                  7:02
                                  Rejection of Colonial Union
                                  7:25
                                  Stop all Trades with England
                                  7:37
                                  A Statement of Grievances
                                  8:02
                                  The Suffolk Resolves
                                  9:20
                                  James Galloway
                                  9:59
                                  The Declaration of the Rights and Grievances
                                  11:16
                                  Greater American Autonomy
                                  11:31
                                  Violations of the Rights of the Colonists
                                  12:18
                                  Rebellion Spreads to the Countryside
                                  12:47
                                  Changing Attitudes to Imperial Issues
                                  13:35
                                  Yeoman Tradition of Land Ownership
                                  13:59
                                  British Response
                                  14:13
                                  Illegal Assembly
                                  14:29
                                  Payment of Defense and Administration
                                  14:55
                                  Conciliatory Propositions
                                  15:54
                                  Lexington and Concord
                                  16:26
                                  Minutemen of Concord
                                  16:37
                                  Huge Losses
                                  17:28
                                  John Lodge's “View of the Attack on Bunker Hill, with the burning of Charles Town, June 17, 1775”
                                  17:57
                                  Loyal Americans Feared “Mob Rule”
                                  18:24
                                  Sons of Liberty
                                  18:50
                                  Pacifist Beliefs
                                  19:04
                                  The Second Continental Congress Organizes
                                  20:05
                                  Continental Army
                                  20:38
                                  John Dickinson of PA
                                  21:10
                                  Olive Branch Petition
                                  21:33
                                  Declaration of the Causes and Necessity of Taking Up Arms
                                  23:09
                                  Patriots Mobilize and Loyalists Join British
                                  24:05
                                  Zealous Patriots
                                  24:11
                                  Patriot Planters
                                  26:45
                                  Thomas Paine's “Common Sense”
                                  26:52
                                  Called for Independence
                                  27:16
                                  Common Sense
                                  28:09
                                  Against British Rule
                                  28:39
                                  Example 1
                                  29:17
                                  Example 2
                                  31:48
                                  Example 3
                                  34:11
                                  Independence Declared and the Revolutionary War

                                  30m 41s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  Independence Declared
                                  1:01
                                  Declaration of Independence
                                  1:14
                                  Thomas Jefferson
                                  1:27
                                  Principle of Individual Liberty
                                  6:01
                                  The Legitimacy of Republican State Government
                                  7:05
                                  War in the North
                                  7:20
                                  Patriots
                                  7:27
                                  The Loyalist Strongholds
                                  8:02
                                  Native Americans' Preference
                                  8:17
                                  The British Military and Strategy
                                  8:46
                                  Powerful Navy
                                  8:52
                                  Joseph Brant
                                  9:15
                                  The American Army and Strategy
                                  10:15
                                  Economically and Militarily Weak
                                  10:25
                                  New Continental Army
                                  10:28
                                  Guerilla Tactics
                                  11:34
                                  British Tactics
                                  12:12
                                  General Howe
                                  12:19
                                  Battle of Long Island
                                  13:20
                                  Trenton
                                  13:34
                                  1776-1777 Map
                                  14:04
                                  African-American Role in the War
                                  14:30
                                  Loyalists and Americans
                                  14:42
                                  Enslaved During the War
                                  15:10
                                  Women's Role in the War
                                  15:32
                                  Boycott of English Good
                                  15:58
                                  Abigail Adam's Letters
                                  17:51
                                  The Ladies Association
                                  19:49
                                  Washington’s Sewing Circle
                                  20:00
                                  Edenton Ladies Tea Party
                                  20:11
                                  Philadelphia on the Eve of the Revolution
                                  21:15
                                  General William Howe
                                  21:39
                                  Starvation at Valley Forge
                                  21:58
                                  Thomas Jeffery's, After George Heap. “ An East Prospect of the City of Philadelphia”
                                  22:11
                                  Turning Point: Battle of Saratoga
                                  23:26
                                  Saratoga
                                  23:45
                                  Captured British Troops and Equipment
                                  24:18
                                  End of War
                                  24:36
                                  Dutch Declared War Against Britain
                                  24:44
                                  Marquis de Lafayette
                                  25:05
                                  Yorktown
                                  25:39
                                  Treaty of Paris
                                  26:28
                                  Treaty of Paris in 1783
                                  26:49
                                  Example 1
                                  27:33
                                  Example 2
                                  29:09
                                  Creating Republican Institutions

                                  44m 52s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Creating Republican Institutions
                                  1:39
                                  Sacred Fire of Liberty
                                  2:04
                                  The Destiny of the Republican Model
                                  2:11
                                  Experiment Entrusted to the hands of the American People
                                  2:26
                                  The State Constitutions, 1776-1787
                                  2:41
                                  Republicanism
                                  3:22
                                  New Constitutions
                                  4:27
                                  Voting Rights
                                  5:48
                                  John Adam's Influence
                                  6:21
                                  Thoughts on Government
                                  6:56
                                  PA Unicameral Legislature
                                  7:08
                                  Bicameral Legislature
                                  8:07
                                  Bicameral Legislature
                                  8:43
                                  Restricting Popular Power
                                  8:49
                                  Middling Circumstances
                                  9:56
                                  Women Seek a Public Voice
                                  10:35
                                  Second-Class Citizens
                                  11:12
                                  Abigail Adams
                                  12:12
                                  Vindication of the Rights of Woman
                                  12:55
                                  On the Equality of the Sexes
                                  13:42
                                  The Loyalist Exodus
                                  14:21
                                  Structure of Rural Communities
                                  14:36
                                  A Traditional-Oriented Economic Elite
                                  15:00
                                  Entrepreneurial-Minded Republican Merchants
                                  15:13
                                  In Search of a National Government
                                  15:48
                                  Weak Central Government
                                  16:26
                                  Continental Congress
                                  16:39
                                  First Constitution
                                  17:34
                                  Congressional Powers in the Articles
                                  18:34
                                  Conduct Wars and Foreign Relations
                                  18:53
                                  Adjudicate Disputes
                                  19:38
                                  Land Ordinances
                                  20:04
                                  The Confederation and the “Northwest”
                                  20:17
                                  Westward Expansion
                                  20:50
                                  Creation of Several Ordinances
                                  21:49
                                  Secessionist Movements
                                  22:10
                                  The Northwest Territory
                                  22:46
                                  Refused Morris's Proposal
                                  23:18
                                  Trans-Appalachian West
                                  23:29
                                  Native American Tribes
                                  23:44
                                  Map of Northwest and Southwest Territories
                                  24:20
                                  Ordinance of 1784
                                  24:43
                                  Ordinance of 1785
                                  25:28
                                  Northwest Ordinance of 1787
                                  26:50
                                  A Single NW Territory
                                  27:12
                                  Inhabitants
                                  27:22
                                  Weaknesses of the Articles
                                  27:47
                                  No Power to Tax
                                  28:26
                                  No Executive
                                  28:53
                                  Single Vote for Each State
                                  29:02
                                  Diplomatic Features
                                  30:05
                                  Great Lake Area
                                  30:20
                                  John Adams
                                  31:10
                                  Example 1
                                  31:35
                                  Example 2
                                  34:28
                                  Example 3
                                  36:55
                                  The Constitutional Convention and Debate Over Ratification

                                  45m 59s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  Debts, Taxes and Shays
                                  3:31
                                  Postwar Depression
                                  3:41
                                  Resentment of Farmers
                                  4:00
                                  Abolition of Imprisonment for Debt
                                  4:33
                                  Effects of Shays' Rebellion
                                  5:29
                                  Sentenced to Death
                                  5:37
                                  No Federal Army
                                  5:54
                                  A Riot Act
                                  6:30
                                  What Type of Government to Create?
                                  7:20
                                  A Stronger Central Government
                                  8:07
                                  Money Questions
                                  8:16
                                  Alexander Hamilton
                                  9:15
                                  James Madison
                                  11:06
                                  Madison's Virginia Plan
                                  12:06
                                  3-Tiered National Government
                                  13:41
                                  Lower House
                                  13:58
                                  Upper House
                                  14:10
                                  Patterson's New Jersey Plan
                                  14:47
                                  William Patterson
                                  15:18
                                  One-House Legislature
                                  15:57
                                  Tax and Regulate Commerce
                                  16:06
                                  The Great Compromise
                                  16:30
                                  Roger Sherman
                                  16:43
                                  Connecticut Plan
                                  17:07
                                  Legislature
                                  17:30
                                  Other Important Decisions
                                  19:56
                                  In One Supreme Court
                                  20:00
                                  The Electoral College
                                  20:23
                                  A Fugitive Clause
                                  22:50
                                  The Supreme Law of the Land
                                  23:17
                                  National Supremacy
                                  23:28
                                  The Constitution
                                  24:19
                                  Fear of Abuse of People's Rights
                                  24:58
                                  Federalism, Enlightenment and Republicanism
                                  25:34
                                  Federalism
                                  25:47
                                  Enlightenment Ideas
                                  26:27
                                  Enumerated Powers
                                  27:04
                                  Federalists V.S. Antifederalists
                                  28:42
                                  Federalists
                                  28:55
                                  The Federalist Papers
                                  29:30
                                  Antifederalists
                                  30:25
                                  A Bill of Rights
                                  30:41
                                  Completing the Structure
                                  30:57
                                  First Elections
                                  31:25
                                  Ratification
                                  31:31
                                  Washington and John Adams
                                  31:35
                                  First Ten Amendments
                                  31:44
                                  The Judiciary Act of 1789
                                  31:58
                                  Map of State Ratification of Constitution
                                  32:17
                                  Creation of a Cabinet and Three Departments
                                  33:33
                                  Example 1
                                  34:32
                                  Example 2
                                  35:25
                                  Example 3
                                  42:23
                                  The Early Nation and the Washington Administration

                                  43m 18s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  Status of Native Americans
                                  1:55
                                  Conflicts over Land
                                  2:04
                                  Nation Within a Nation
                                  3:09
                                  Tribal Sovereignty
                                  3:20
                                  Domestic Dependent Nations
                                  4:54
                                  Native American Conflicts 1780s
                                  5:25
                                  Trans-Appalachian West
                                  5:43
                                  Treaty of Fort Stanwix
                                  6:02
                                  Native Americans in Ohio
                                  6:52
                                  Native American Conflicts 1790s
                                  7:01
                                  Northwest Confederacy
                                  7:24
                                  Miami Warrior Little Turtle
                                  7:45
                                  Battle of Fallen Timbers
                                  8:51
                                  Treaty of Greenville
                                  9:09
                                  Hamilton and the Federalist Influence
                                  9:30
                                  Federalists
                                  10:02
                                  Alexander Hamilton
                                  10:26
                                  Public Credit
                                  11:37
                                  Alexander Hamilton's Economic Plan
                                  12:06
                                  Assume the Debts of the States
                                  12:16
                                  A National Bank
                                  12:56
                                  Excise Tax
                                  13:13
                                  The Federalist Program
                                  14:24
                                  The Funding Bill
                                  14:32
                                  Potomac River
                                  15:48
                                  National Bank of the US
                                  16:08
                                  Public Credit
                                  16:15
                                  The Republican Opposition
                                  16:39
                                  The Emerging of the Republican Party
                                  17:30
                                  Agrarian Republic
                                  18:17
                                  Decentralization
                                  19:20
                                  Strict V.S. Broad Constructionism
                                  20:11
                                  Strict Constructionism
                                  21:39
                                  Elastic Clause
                                  22:45
                                  Loose or Broad Constructionism
                                  24:01
                                  Washington Wins 1792 Election
                                  25:14
                                  The Whiskey Rebellion
                                  25:50
                                  The Militia
                                  26:21
                                  Early Foreign Policy
                                  26:51
                                  Neutral Policy
                                  27:23
                                  Diplomat Edmond Genet
                                  28:05
                                  French West Indies
                                  29:19
                                  Jay's Treaty
                                  29:48
                                  Federalist John Jay
                                  30:17
                                  Opposition to Jay's Treaty
                                  31:44
                                  Pinckney's treaty in 1795
                                  31:56
                                  Thomas Pinckney
                                  32:08
                                  Mississippi River
                                  32:27
                                  Executive Privilege
                                  33:15
                                  Downfall of the Federalists
                                  33:37
                                  Republicans Rose in Power
                                  33:44
                                  Preserving Stability
                                  34:03
                                  The Election of 1796
                                  35:08
                                  Farewell Address
                                  35:46
                                  John Adams
                                  37:13
                                  Example 1
                                  37:46
                                  Example 2
                                  40:50
                                  Section 4: Period 4: 1800-1848
                                  Adams and The Jeffersonian Era

                                  48m 14s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  John Adams
                                  1:48
                                  Political Philosopher
                                  2:40
                                  French Revolution and Haitian Revolution
                                  3:13
                                  Not a Slave Owner
                                  3:46
                                  Falling out with Jefferson
                                  4:34
                                  Relations with France Deteriorate
                                  5:32
                                  XYZ Affair
                                  7:12
                                  A Huge Backlash
                                  7:33
                                  New Warships
                                  7:59
                                  Rejected the Federalist Approach
                                  8:33
                                  Alien and Sedition Acts
                                  9:06
                                  Alien Act
                                  9:23
                                  French Revolution
                                  9:48
                                  1st Amendment's Prohibition
                                  11:19
                                  Republican Response
                                  12:21
                                  VA and KY Resolutions
                                  12:26
                                  Undelegated Powers
                                  12:40
                                  States' Rights Interpretation of the Constitution
                                  13:06
                                  Jefferson Becomes President in 1800
                                  13:50
                                  Election of 1800
                                  14:34
                                  Burr
                                  15:15
                                  Voting for Jefferson
                                  15:35
                                  Jefferson Elected
                                  15:51
                                  Electoral College
                                  15:58
                                  Revolution of 1800
                                  16:44
                                  Judiciary Act of 1801
                                  17:37
                                  Midnight Appointments
                                  18:08
                                  Marbury V. Madison
                                  19:26
                                  Marbury V. Madison
                                  19:41
                                  Judicial Review
                                  20:17
                                  John Marshall
                                  21:29
                                  Samuel Chase
                                  21:40
                                  Thomas Jefferson
                                  21:51
                                  Architect, Intellectual, Writer
                                  22:00
                                  Urbanization
                                  22:52
                                  Expansion of US Territory
                                  23:57
                                  Monticello
                                  24:23
                                  Limits on Government
                                  25:06
                                  Abolishing Internal Taxes
                                  15:15
                                  The U.S. Military Academy at West Point
                                  26:06
                                  U.S. French Relations
                                  26:25
                                  Secret Treaty of San Ildefonso of 1800
                                  27:03
                                  Unrest in the Caribbean Islands
                                  28:02
                                  New Republic of Haiti
                                  28:35
                                  Napoleon and L'ouverture
                                  29:44
                                  Other Foreign Policy Challenges
                                  30:05
                                  Pinckney Treaty of 1795
                                  30:28
                                  Robert Livingston
                                  30:42
                                  Louisiana Purchase of 1803
                                  31:46
                                  Proposal of Buying Louisiana
                                  32:17
                                  Signed the Agreement
                                  32:30
                                  Louisiana Admitted as a State
                                  32:57
                                  Louisiana Purchase
                                  33:07
                                  Lewis and Clark
                                  33:34
                                  Missouri River
                                  34:15
                                  Records to Geography and Civilizations
                                  34:43
                                  Lewis, Clark and Sacajawea
                                  35:07
                                  The Burr Conspiracy
                                  35:24
                                  Essex Junto
                                  36:00
                                  Aaron Burr
                                  36:23
                                  Other Challenges for Jefferson
                                  37:27
                                  War of 1812
                                  37:44
                                  Napoleonic War
                                  37:51
                                  Chesapeake-Leonard Incident
                                  39:03
                                  Jefferson's Proposal: Embargo
                                  39:35
                                  Embargo
                                  41:02
                                  A Controversial Policy
                                  41:53
                                  Exports
                                  42:17
                                  Example 1
                                  42:35
                                  Example 2
                                  44:46
                                  Period IV: James Madison and the War of 1812

                                  44m 36s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Election of 1808
                                  2:24
                                  Non-Intercourse Act in 1809
                                  3:12
                                  Macon's Bill No. 2 in 1810
                                  3:43
                                  Madison Faces Challenges
                                  4:24
                                  France Stop interfering with US Shipping
                                  4:34
                                  Indians in Ohio River Valley
                                  5:14
                                  Westward Expansion and Clashes With Native Americans
                                  5:34
                                  Treaty of Grenville in 1795
                                  6:25
                                  The Harrison Land Law
                                  6:57
                                  William Henry Harrison
                                  7:25
                                  Tenskwatawa, “The Prophet”
                                  8:18
                                  Shawnee Leader
                                  8:42
                                  Spiritual Revival
                                  10:07
                                  Tecumseh: “The Shooting Star”
                                  10:29
                                  Against White Civilization
                                  10:43
                                  Battle of Tippecanoe
                                  11:12
                                  Florida and War Fever
                                  12:04
                                  War Hawks
                                  13:58
                                  Henry Clay of Kentucky
                                  14:10
                                  John C. Calhoun of SC
                                  14:13
                                  Causes of War and Divisions
                                  14:50
                                  Naval Blockade
                                  15:44
                                  A Divided Nation
                                  16:53
                                  Anti-War Groups
                                  17:36
                                  The War of 1812
                                  18:53
                                  Land Campaign
                                  20:11
                                  Invaded Canada through Detroit
                                  20:25
                                  General Hull
                                  20:37
                                  The War of 1812: “Mr. Madison's War”
                                  21:05
                                  Map of the War
                                  24:16
                                  The White House Burns in 1814
                                  27:05
                                  The Revolt of New England
                                  28:04
                                  Daniel Webster
                                  28:36
                                  Talk of Secession
                                  29:20
                                  Hartford Convention
                                  29:35
                                  The Effects of the War of 1812
                                  31:07
                                  Respect Canada as a Neighbor
                                  31:42
                                  Debate over Missouri Territory
                                  32:01
                                  Rise of Sectionalism
                                  32:20
                                  Territorial Expansion for Anglo-Americans
                                  33:21
                                  The Treaty of Ghent
                                  33:56
                                  The Rush-Bagot Agreement of 1817
                                  34:54
                                  Example 1
                                  35:12
                                  Example 2
                                  37:59
                                  Example 3
                                  42:15
                                  Period IV: The Growing Economy, The American System and The 'Era of Good Feelings'

                                  35m 25s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  The Growing Economy
                                  2:32
                                  Manufacturing Increased
                                  2:39
                                  The Bank of the U.S.
                                  2:59
                                  Building of a National Network of Roads and Waterways
                                  3:24
                                  Tariff of 1816
                                  4:04
                                  Transportation System Improvements
                                  6:01
                                  Potomac River to the Ohio River
                                  6:09
                                  President Madison
                                  7:54
                                  Conestoga Wagon
                                  8:25
                                  Henry Clay's American System
                                  8:35
                                  Protective Tariffs
                                  8:43
                                  National Bank
                                  8:52
                                  Internal Improvements
                                  8:55
                                  The Panic of 1819
                                  9:56
                                  The First Major Financial Panic
                                  10:26
                                  Tight Credit Policy
                                  10:37
                                  Debt Increased Sharply
                                  10:53
                                  Westward Expansion
                                  11:14
                                  The Population Doubled
                                  11:30
                                  The Factor System
                                  12:08
                                  The Plantation System in the Southwest
                                  13:17
                                  Black Belt
                                  14:15
                                  Cotton Plantations and Slavery
                                  14:31
                                  Four States Admitted to the Union
                                  15:25
                                  Trade and Trapping in the Far West
                                  15:45
                                  Mexico Gained Independence
                                  16:08
                                  U.S. Traders
                                  16:39
                                  Jedediah Smith
                                  17:37
                                  Exploration of the West
                                  18:03
                                  Plattee
                                  18:36
                                  The Great American Desert
                                  18:56
                                  James Monroe
                                  19:13
                                  Virginia Dynasty
                                  19:22
                                  John Quincy Adams
                                  20:25
                                  John C. Calhoun
                                  20:32
                                  John Quincy Adams and Florida
                                  21:04
                                  A Committed Nationalist
                                  21:16
                                  Negotiations with Spain
                                  21:25
                                  Andrew Jackson
                                  21:41
                                  Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819
                                  22:52
                                  Adams-Onis Treaty
                                  24:02
                                  Sectional Conflicts
                                  24:57
                                  The Extension of Slavery
                                  25:06
                                  The Tallmadge Amendment
                                  26:32
                                  Missouri Compromise
                                  27:14
                                  A Free State
                                  27:21
                                  A Slave State
                                  28:11
                                  MO Compromise
                                  28:29
                                  Example 1
                                  30:16
                                  Example 2
                                  31:53
                                  John Marshall, the Federalist Legacy and James Monroe's Foreign Policy

                                  35m 22s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:09
                                  John Marshall and the Federalist Legacy
                                  1:10
                                  Judicial Authority, the Supremacy of Laws and Traditional Property Rights
                                  1:51
                                  The Interests of Propertied and Commercial Classes
                                  2:25
                                  Long Term Mark on the Court
                                  3:02
                                  Fletcher v. Peck in 1810
                                  3:30
                                  Land Frauds
                                  3:42
                                  Contract Clause
                                  5:42
                                  Property Rights
                                  7:00
                                  Dartmouth College v. Woodward in 1819
                                  7:40
                                  College's Charter
                                  8:04
                                  Expanded the Meaning of Contract Clause
                                  8:27
                                  The Corporate Charter
                                  8:48
                                  McCulloch v. Maryland in 1819
                                  9:20
                                  Constitutionality of the Bank of the United States
                                  11:16
                                  Implied Powers
                                  11:34
                                  Power to Destroy
                                  12:05
                                  Gibbons v. Ogden in 1824
                                  12:23
                                  A State Grant
                                  14:29
                                  Interstate Commerce
                                  14:38
                                  Johnson v. McIntosh in 1823
                                  15:01
                                  Sold Land to White Settlers
                                  16:19
                                  Take Land from Tribes
                                  16:44
                                  Worcester v. Georgia in 1823
                                  17:49
                                  Establish Native American Sovereignty
                                  18:51
                                  Marshall Affirmed the Rights of Tribes
                                  19:32
                                  Foreign Policy Under Monroe
                                  20:39
                                  U.S.-Latin American Trade Relations
                                  22:46
                                  Neutrality
                                  23:40
                                  Establish Diplomatic Relations
                                  25:08
                                  Monroe Doctrine in 1823
                                  25:53
                                  “Backyard” of the U.S.
                                  27:05
                                  Nationalistic Policy
                                  28:26
                                  Secretary o State John Q. Adams
                                  28:40
                                  Example 1
                                  30:00
                                  Example 2
                                  32:43
                                  John Quincy Adams, Growing Sectional Tension, and the Capitalist Commonwealth

                                  47m 41s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  The Election of 1824
                                  1:17
                                  State Legislatures
                                  1:52
                                  William H. Crawford
                                  3:08
                                  The Demise of the Caucus System
                                  3:49
                                  House of Representatives
                                  4:43
                                  Henry Clay as Secretary of State
                                  6:14
                                  Corrupt Bargain
                                  6:30
                                  John Quincy Faces Obstacles
                                  7:05
                                  Partisan Tensions Emerged
                                  7:16
                                  International Issues
                                  7:33
                                  Conflict with Georgia
                                  8:36
                                  The Controversial Tariff of 1828
                                  9:29
                                  Tariff on Imported Goods
                                  9:32
                                  Tariff of Abominations
                                  10:01
                                  A Huge Backlash in New England
                                  10:37
                                  Capitalism and the Commonwealth
                                  10:55
                                  Common-wealth
                                  11:42
                                  Abrupt Drop in Worldwide Prices
                                  12:50
                                  Business Cycle
                                  13:23
                                  Transportation Improvements
                                  13:58
                                  The Sale of Privately Owned Land
                                  14:43
                                  Marshall Court
                                  15:37
                                  First Railroad Lines
                                  15:48
                                  Transportation Innovations
                                  16:24
                                  Trade Ventures
                                  16:30
                                  Shipping Industry
                                  16:37
                                  James Watt
                                  16:42
                                  Robert Fulton and Robert Livingston
                                  16:51
                                  Turnpikes
                                  17:13
                                  Erie Canal Project
                                  17:17
                                  George Harvey's “Pittsford on the Erie Canal” in 1837
                                  18:37
                                  Erie Canal
                                  18:53
                                  Growth of U.S. Industry
                                  20:14
                                  Factory System
                                  20:27
                                  Eli Whitney
                                  22:35
                                  Changes in Corporate Law
                                  24:08
                                  Trade/Craft Unions
                                  25:00
                                  Commonwealth v. Hunt in 1842
                                  26:32
                                  Peaceful Unions
                                  26:59
                                  Labor Contracts
                                  27:08
                                  Cities Continue to Grow
                                  28:09
                                  Northerners
                                  29:00
                                  Agriculture and the Rise in Immigrants
                                  29:13
                                  Peculiar Institution
                                  30:01
                                  Effects of the Market Revolution
                                  31:31
                                  Isolated Lives
                                  32:29
                                  Women's Rights
                                  32:40
                                  Less Arranged Marriages
                                  33:17
                                  The Growth of the Cotton Industry
                                  34:07
                                  Example 1
                                  34:18
                                  Example 2
                                  36:55
                                  Example 3
                                  39:18
                                  Republicanism, The Second Great Awakening and Antebellum Reform Movements

                                  40m 4s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:51
                                  A Democratic Republican Culture
                                  1:54
                                  Republican Marriages
                                  2:44
                                  Republican Motherhood
                                  4:56
                                  Raising Republican Children
                                  7:10
                                  Promoting Cultural Independence
                                  8:32
                                  Aristocratic Republicanism and Slavery
                                  9:55
                                  Necessary Evil
                                  11:32
                                  Wages-Slaves
                                  11:50
                                  Gabriel Prosser
                                  12:35
                                  Outlawed Slave Trade
                                  13:47
                                  Voting Rights Expand
                                  14:05
                                  The Antislavery Movement Early 1800s
                                  15:06
                                  Black Abolitionists
                                  15:24
                                  Haitian Revolution
                                  15:42
                                  The American Colonization Society
                                  17:43
                                  Liberia
                                  18:19
                                  Richard Allen
                                  20:04
                                  The Second Great Awakening
                                  21:33
                                  Huge Evangelized Hubs
                                  22:27
                                  Evangelic Methodist and Baptist Churches
                                  23:09
                                  Timothy Dwight and Charles Finney
                                  23:33
                                  Revival Meetings Could Last Up to a Week
                                  23:53
                                  Effects of the Second Great Awakening
                                  26:01
                                  A Fervently Protestant People
                                  26:30
                                  Academies
                                  27:56
                                  Women's Rights and Temperance Movements
                                  28:22
                                  Revivalism
                                  29:20
                                  Camp Meeting
                                  29:27
                                  Rationalism/Enlightenment (Deism)
                                  29:45
                                  Charles Grandison Finney
                                  30:53
                                  Finney and Revival
                                  31:32
                                  Other Religious Groups Arise
                                  31:51
                                  The Shakers
                                  32:15
                                  The United Society of Believers in Christ's Second Appearing
                                  33:10
                                  Utopian Society
                                  34:22
                                  The Shakers
                                  35:27
                                  Example 1
                                  36:17
                                  Example 2
                                  38:43
                                  Utopian Communal Societies, the Temperance Movement, and Nativism

                                  47m 18s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:10
                                  Rural Communalism and Utopian Societies
                                  2:24
                                  Fourierism
                                  4:06
                                  Utopian Socialism
                                  5:05
                                  Members of Phalanxes
                                  5:37
                                  100 Cooperative Communities
                                  5:42
                                  Other Communal Experiments
                                  6:26
                                  The Amana Colonies in Iowa
                                  6:29
                                  New Harmony
                                  6:53
                                  Utopian Socialist Community
                                  7:10
                                  Major Communal Experiment Before 1860
                                  8:39
                                  The Oneida Community
                                  10:11
                                  John Humphrey Noyes
                                  10:18
                                  Complex Marriage
                                  10:22
                                  Female Followers
                                  11:38
                                  Silverware Production
                                  13:17
                                  The Mormons, 1830
                                  14:01
                                  The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
                                  14:11
                                  Joseph Smith
                                  14:14
                                  Brigham Young
                                  16:23
                                  The Mormon Trail
                                  16:45
                                  Immigration and Cultural Conflict
                                  17:10
                                  Potato Famine
                                  19:27
                                  German/Irish
                                  20:15
                                  Cholera Epidemic
                                  21:26
                                  Immigrant Communities
                                  21:41
                                  The Surge in Immigration, 1854-1855
                                  22:14
                                  Backlash Against Immigrant Groups
                                  23:04
                                  Low Wages
                                  23:18
                                  Nativist groups
                                  26:11
                                  Immigrants were Scapegoats
                                  26:54
                                  Alcoholism
                                  27:02
                                  Samuel F.B. Morse
                                  28:00
                                  The Temperance Movement
                                  28:33
                                  Reform Movement Against Drunkenness
                                  29:07
                                  The American Society for the Promotion of Temperance
                                  30:56
                                  Temperance Legislation
                                  31:37
                                  The Drunkard's Progress
                                  32:27
                                  Carrie Nation, The Bar Room Smasher
                                  33:58
                                  Conservative Social Reform
                                  35:30
                                  Congregational and Presbyterian Ministers
                                  35:46
                                  Prison Discipline Society
                                  36:24
                                  Regular Habits
                                  36:32
                                  Sabbatarian Values
                                  37:10
                                  Example 1
                                  38:45
                                  Example 2
                                  41:20
                                  Example 3
                                  42:46
                                  Jacksonian Democracy

                                  40m 25s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  The Rise of Popular Politics
                                  2:21
                                  Expansion of the Vote
                                  2:30
                                  Presidential Electors
                                  3:17
                                  No Franchise
                                  4:01
                                  The Political Machine
                                  4:38
                                  Martin Van Buren
                                  5:58
                                  Patronage
                                  6:30
                                  Spoils System
                                  6:46
                                  Jacksonians
                                  8:32
                                  Changing in Voting Patterns
                                  8:52
                                  Jackson Runs a Tough Campaign
                                  10:57
                                  Age of Jackson
                                  11:42
                                  Jackson's Inauguration
                                  13:23
                                  Reign of King Mob
                                  13:45
                                  Economic Equality
                                  14:41
                                  First Days in Office
                                  15:14
                                  Whigs
                                  15:54
                                  Against Jackson
                                  17:09
                                  Like a Monarch
                                  17:18
                                  Northern Whigs
                                  18:02
                                  Southern Whigs
                                  18:57
                                  President of the Common Man
                                  19:22
                                  Self-Made man from TN
                                  19:27
                                  Equal Protection and Equal Benefits
                                  19:31
                                  No Region
                                  19:58
                                  Permanent Office Holders
                                  21:07
                                  Frugal Jeffersonian
                                  21:43
                                  To the Victors Belong the Spoils
                                  21:48
                                  Spoils System
                                  21:50
                                  A Central, Corrupting Feature
                                  22:40
                                  To the Victors Belong the Spoils
                                  23:44
                                  Jackson's Political Rivals: Clay
                                  24:14
                                  Four Internal Improvement Bills
                                  24:44
                                  The Bank of the United States
                                  25:22
                                  Vetoing Numerous Bills
                                  25:40
                                  The Rise of Martin Van Buren and Jackson's Scandalous Cabinet
                                  26:05
                                  Kitchen Cabinet
                                  26:54
                                  Albany Regency
                                  27:18
                                  Senator Eaton
                                  27:28
                                  The Rats Leaving a Falling House
                                  28:50
                                  Calhoun and Nullification
                                  29:33
                                  John C. Calhoun of South Carolina
                                  29:40
                                  Nullification
                                  30:04
                                  Tariff of Abominations
                                  30:20
                                  Sectional Controversy
                                  31:15
                                  Nullification Crisis
                                  31:45
                                  Preserve Federal Union
                                  32:54
                                  A Force Bill
                                  33:45
                                  Compromise Reached
                                  34:09
                                  Henry Clay
                                  34:14
                                  Passed the Compromise and Force Bill
                                  34:33
                                  Nullification of the Tariffs
                                  34:40
                                  Example 1
                                  35:09
                                  Example 2
                                  37:54
                                  Four Internal Improvement Bills
                                  24:44
                                  The Bank of the United States
                                  25:22
                                  Vetoing Numerous Bills
                                  25:40
                                  The Rise of Martin Van Buren and Jackson's Scandalous Cabinet
                                  26:05
                                  Kitchen Cabinet
                                  26:54
                                  Albany Regency
                                  27:18
                                  Senator Eaton
                                  27:28
                                  The Rats Leaving a Falling House
                                  28:50
                                  Calhoun and Nullification
                                  29:33
                                  John C. Calhoun of South Carolina
                                  29:40
                                  Nullification
                                  30:04
                                  Tariff of Abominations
                                  30:20
                                  Sectional Controversy
                                  31:15
                                  Nullification Crisis
                                  31:45
                                  Preserve Federal Union
                                  32:54
                                  A Force Bill
                                  33:45
                                  Compromise Reached
                                  34:09
                                  Henry Clay
                                  34:14
                                  Passed the Compromise and Force Bill
                                  34:33
                                  Nullification of the Tariffs
                                  34:40
                                  Example 1
                                  35:09
                                  Example 2
                                  37:54
                                  Jackson, The Removal of Native Americans and The Bank Veto

                                  43m 48s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  “King” Jackson and Native Americans
                                  2:01
                                  Vetoed 12 Bills
                                  2:45
                                  Abusing Power
                                  3:13
                                  Land-Hungry Citizens
                                  4:30
                                  “King Jackson”
                                  4:55
                                  Attitudes Toward Native Americans
                                  6:42
                                  White Expansion
                                  6:49
                                  Get Rid of Indian Landholdings
                                  7:26
                                  Indian Removal Act
                                  7:48
                                  The “Five Civilized Tribes”
                                  8:08
                                  Cherokees
                                  9:23
                                  Southern Indians
                                  10:11
                                  Tribal Map in Southeast
                                  10:37
                                  The Indian Removal Act, 1830
                                  11:00
                                  The Resettlement of Many Thousands of American Indians
                                  11:06
                                  Bureau of Indian Affairs
                                  11:28
                                  The Black Hawk War
                                  12:01
                                  Chief Black Hawk
                                  12:12
                                  Last Battle
                                  12:26
                                  70 Indian Nation to Sign Treaties
                                  13:02
                                  Portrait of Black Hawk by Charles Bird King
                                  13:26
                                  Worcester v. Georgia in 1832
                                  13:55
                                  Worcester
                                  15:27
                                  Native American Sovereignty
                                  15:54
                                  The Rights of Tries to Remain Free from the State Government
                                  16:11
                                  Jackson's Response
                                  16:54
                                  Let the Court Enforce It
                                  16:56
                                  Removal Continued
                                  17:26
                                  Johnson v. McIntosh in 1823
                                  17:32
                                  Illinois and Pinakeshaw
                                  17:50
                                  Buy Land from Tribes not from Individuals
                                  18:11
                                  Indian Removal
                                  18:33
                                  Trail of Tears
                                  20:07
                                  Trail of Tears, a 1200 Mile Journey
                                  20:44
                                  The Seminole War
                                  21:37
                                  The Seminoles of Florida
                                  21:55
                                  The Struggle Dragged on for Years
                                  22:18
                                  Uprising in 1835
                                  22:30
                                  Osceola
                                  23:24
                                  “The Indians and Negroes Massacre the Whites in Florida, in January 1836”
                                  23:30
                                  Result of Removal
                                  25:07
                                  Less Hospitable Lands of the Mississippi
                                  25:26
                                  Disease or Exhaustion
                                  26:37
                                  Alien Environment
                                  26:46
                                  Jackson's Bank Veto
                                  27:03
                                  Most Powerful Financial Institution in the Nation
                                  27:30
                                  Nicholas Biddle
                                  27:50
                                  The “Soft Money” Faction
                                  28:12
                                  The Hard money Position
                                  28:33
                                  Henry Clay
                                  29:56
                                  Private Monopoly
                                  30:19
                                  Jackson's Second Term
                                  31:13
                                  Destroy the “Monster” Bank
                                  31:26
                                  Attorney General Roger B. Taney
                                  31:56
                                  Raising Interest Rates and Calling in Loans
                                  32:10
                                  Chronically Unstable Banking System
                                  32:46
                                  Jackson Cartoon
                                  33:14
                                  Jackson's Species Circular
                                  35:52
                                  Inflated Prices for Land and Various Goods
                                  36:01
                                  Specie Circular
                                  36:12
                                  The Panic of 1837
                                  36:38
                                  Example 1
                                  37:41
                                  Example 2
                                  40:09
                                  Democrats, Whigs, and the Second Party System

                                  36m 37s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Taney Appointed to the Court
                                  1:32
                                  Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge
                                  2:19
                                  Promote General Happiness
                                  2:44
                                  Exercising a Monopoly
                                  3:18
                                  Expansion of Economic Opportunity
                                  3:35
                                  The Whigs Respond to the Democrats
                                  4:03
                                  Second Party System
                                  5:14
                                  Laissez-Faire Capitalism
                                  5:53
                                  Irish and German Catholics
                                  6:35
                                  Whig Ideology
                                  6:52
                                  Expanding the Power of the Federal Government
                                  6:53
                                  Supporters of Legislation
                                  7:37
                                  Anti-Mason Movement
                                  8:10
                                  The “Great Triumvirate”
                                  8:20
                                  Henry Clay
                                  8:40
                                  Daniel Webster
                                  8:53
                                  John Calhoun
                                  9:01
                                  Election of 1836
                                  9:28
                                  Van Buren
                                  9:34
                                  Nominating Four Candidates From Different Regions
                                  10:14
                                  An Affecting Scene in Kentucky
                                  10:35
                                  1836 Election Cartoon
                                  12:48
                                  Divided Leadership Affects 1836 Election
                                  14:51
                                  Martin Van Buren and Democrats
                                  14:58
                                  Individual Rights
                                  15:05
                                  The Failed Plan
                                  15:22
                                  The Panic of 1837
                                  15:49
                                  Distribution Act
                                  16:45
                                  Land Speculative Fever Resulted
                                  16:54
                                  Independent Treasury System
                                  17:56
                                  Image of the Panic of 1837
                                  18:50
                                  Depression of 1837
                                  21:25
                                  The Ideology of Artisan Republicanism
                                  21:41
                                  Unions to Bargain for Higher Wages
                                  22:06
                                  Closed Shops Agreements
                                  22:23
                                  Effects of the Depression
                                  23:09
                                  Prohibited “Conspiracies” in Restraint of Trade
                                  23:12
                                  The Democratic Party
                                  24:22
                                  Commonwealth v. Hunt in 1842
                                  24:35
                                  Peaceful Unions
                                  24:50
                                  Upheld the Rights of Workers
                                  25:06
                                  Ten-Hour Day for Federal Employees
                                  25:30
                                  Log Cabin Campaign of 1840
                                  25:50
                                  Penny Press
                                  26:50
                                  The Party of the Common People
                                  27:30
                                  William Henry Harrison
                                  27:47
                                  Log Cabin Campaign
                                  28:02
                                  Harrison Wins
                                  28:24
                                  234 V.S. 60 Electoral Votes
                                  28:40
                                  Re-Charter bank
                                  29:19
                                  Preemption Act of 1841
                                  29:32
                                  Foreign Policy Highlights
                                  30:09
                                  Caroline
                                  30:23
                                  Aroostook war
                                  30:41
                                  Creole
                                  30:55
                                  Webster-Ashburton Treaty
                                  31:32
                                  Extraterritoriality
                                  31:53
                                  Example 1
                                  33:05
                                  Example 2
                                  35:36
                                  Transcendentalists and the American Renaissance

                                  37m 43s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Individualism
                                  0:54
                                  Alexis de Tocqueville
                                  1:14
                                  Individualism
                                  1:48
                                  Transcendentalism
                                  3:12
                                  Intellectual Movement
                                  3:19
                                  Individuality Self-Reliance and Nonconformity
                                  3:48
                                  Instincts and Emotion
                                  4:32
                                  Transcendentalists
                                  4:55
                                  Understanding
                                  5:05
                                  Transcend the Limits of the Intellect
                                  5:22
                                  Concord, MA
                                  5:55
                                  Images of Transcendentalists
                                  6:07
                                  Ralph Waldo Emerson
                                  7:11
                                  Leading Spokesman of this Movement
                                  7:35
                                  The American Scholar
                                  8:31
                                  Outpouring of First Class novel, Poetry and Essays
                                  9:18
                                  Original Relation with Nature
                                  10:39
                                  Ordinary Middle-Class Americans
                                  10:56
                                  New Industrial Society
                                  11:35
                                  Henry David Thoreau
                                  12:04
                                  Lives of Quiet Desperation
                                  12:16
                                  Self-Realization
                                  12:34
                                  Walden and Life in the Woods
                                  13:10
                                  Resistance to Civil Government
                                  13:36
                                  The Defense of Nature
                                  16:34
                                  The Rapid Economic Development
                                  17:00
                                  Inspiration and Spirituality
                                  17:17
                                  Gender Roles Redefined
                                  17:49
                                  Woman in the Nineteenth Century
                                  17:59
                                  Mystical Relationship with God
                                  18:53
                                  The Questioning of Gender Roles
                                  19:23
                                  Emergence of a Broad Array of Movement
                                  19:49
                                  Romanticism
                                  19:57
                                  Order and Control
                                  20:33
                                  Slavery Overshadowed
                                  21:25
                                  Romanticism and Nationalism
                                  21:49
                                  The Need to Improve the American Culture
                                  21:55
                                  Romanticism for Inspiration
                                  22:05
                                  Literature and the Quest for Liberation
                                  22:19
                                  Washington Irving's James Fenimore Cooper
                                  22:59
                                  Walt Whitman
                                  23:43
                                  Democracy, The liberation of the Individual and the Pleasures of the Flesh
                                  24:04
                                  Herman Melville
                                  24:28
                                  Strength of Individual Will
                                  24:47
                                  Edgar Allen Poe
                                  25:09
                                  BrookFarm: A Utopian Experiment
                                  25:33
                                  Nathaniel Hawthorne
                                  25:35
                                  Brook Farm
                                  25:56
                                  Form of Socialism
                                  26:13
                                  All Share in the Leisure
                                  26:36
                                  Southern Literature
                                  27:40
                                  Historical Romances of the Plantation System
                                  27:50
                                  William Gilmore Simms
                                  28:13
                                  The Lives of Ordinary People and Poor Whites
                                  28:49
                                  Mark Twain
                                  29:09
                                  American Landscape Painting
                                  29:15
                                  Hudson River School
                                  29:25
                                  Nature is the Source of Wisdom
                                  29:50
                                  Albert Bierstadt and Thomas Moran
                                  30:45
                                  Examples of Landscape Painting
                                  30:53
                                  Example 1
                                  31:45
                                  Example 2
                                  34:08
                                  Abolitionism

                                  46m 20s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  Free Blacks Urge Others to “Elevate”
                                  1:17
                                  Social Uplift
                                  1:19
                                  Whites Led Mob Attack Against Blacks
                                  3:25
                                  Moderates and Extremists
                                  3:48
                                  The Antislavery Movement
                                  4:04
                                  American Colonization Society
                                  4:15
                                  Gradual Manumission of Slaves
                                  4:48
                                  Decline of Antislavery Movement
                                  5:30
                                  Abolitionists
                                  5:36
                                  Free African Americans
                                  6:21
                                  Threat of Being Kidnapped
                                  7:10
                                  Liberator
                                  8:07
                                  Moderate and Extreme Approaches
                                  8:20
                                  Advocating for Moderate Approach
                                  8:29
                                  Radical Abolitionists
                                  8:56
                                  Evangelical Christians
                                  10:32
                                  William Lloyd Garrison
                                  11:01
                                  Newspaper: Liberator
                                  11:08
                                  Reject Gradualism
                                  12:42
                                  New England Antislavery Society
                                  13:04
                                  David Walker
                                  13:36
                                  Walker's Appeal to the Colored Citizens
                                  14:01
                                  National Convention in Philly
                                  15:10
                                  Collective Equality for All Blacks
                                  15:40
                                  Nat Turner
                                  16:06
                                  Bloody Revolt in Southampton Country, Virginia
                                  16:55
                                  Turner's Men
                                  17:40
                                  The Virginia Legislature
                                  19:30
                                  Southern States Toughened their Slave Codes
                                  20:00
                                  The Underground Railroad
                                  20:21
                                  Frederick Douglass
                                  23:10
                                  Most Powerful Abolitionists and Orators
                                  23:13
                                  North Star in Rochester, NY
                                  23:35
                                  Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
                                  24:35
                                  Friend with Garrison
                                  25:34
                                  Douglass and the North Star
                                  27:01
                                  Other Evangelical Abolitionists
                                  27:11
                                  Theodore Dwight Weld
                                  27:18
                                  Angelina and Sarah Grimke
                                  27:39
                                  American Anti-Slavery Society
                                  29:31
                                  Sojourner Truth
                                  29:56
                                  Anti-Abolitionism
                                  32:12
                                  Backlash Against Abolitionist Movement
                                  32:14
                                  Prudence Crandall
                                  32:56
                                  Abolitionist Headquarters
                                  33:27
                                  Amistad
                                  33:35
                                  The Spanish Slave Vessel Amistad
                                  33:39
                                  Prigg v. PA
                                  34:18
                                  Federal Fugitive Slave Laws
                                  34:47
                                  Abolitionists and Politics
                                  35:04
                                  Ban Interstate Slave Trade and Abolish Slavery
                                  35:10
                                  Restrict the Use of Mail
                                  35:28
                                  The Liberty Party
                                  35:55
                                  James G. Birney
                                  36:11
                                  Free Soil
                                  36:21
                                  Women's Rights
                                  37:38
                                  Example 1
                                  38:09
                                  Example 2
                                  40:46
                                  Example 3
                                  43:09
                                  Women's Rights Movement and Antebellum Reform

                                  46m 20s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  Education Reforms
                                  1:05
                                  Horace Mann
                                  1:56
                                  Reorganized the School System
                                  2:25
                                  Literacy Rate
                                  2:54
                                  Experimental Schools
                                  5:17
                                  Self-Realization
                                  5:23
                                  Perkins School
                                  5:44
                                  Social Value and Democratize the U.S.
                                  6:03
                                  Rehabilitation
                                  6:19
                                  The Asylum Movement
                                  6:34
                                  Dorothea Dix
                                  6:45
                                  The Rise of Feminism
                                  8:09
                                  Sarah and Angelina Grimke
                                  9:11
                                  Other Reformers
                                  9:37
                                  Married Women's Property Acts
                                  10:09
                                  Seneca Falls
                                  10:40
                                  Society of Friends
                                  10:44
                                  Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions
                                  11:39
                                  The Women's Right
                                  13:11
                                  Declaration of Sentiments
                                  13:38
                                  Quakers Influence Feminist Movement
                                  14:36
                                  Sexual Equality
                                  14:47
                                  Stanton Were Quakers
                                  15:25
                                  Lucy Stone
                                  16:26
                                  Emma Willard
                                  17:08
                                  Catherine Beecher
                                  17:21
                                  Feminist Style of Clothing
                                  17:39
                                  Bloomer
                                  17:42
                                  Amelia Bloomer
                                  17:54
                                  Example 1
                                  18:54
                                  Example 2
                                  21:08
                                  Example 3
                                  23:30
                                  Section 5: Period 5: 1844-1877
                                  Manifest Destiny, Westward Expansion, And Increased Sectionalism

                                  43m 51s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  Westward Expansion
                                  3:17
                                  Manifest Destiny
                                  5:25
                                  Penny Press
                                  7:10
                                  Empire of Liberty
                                  7:50
                                  John Gast's American Progress
                                  8:05
                                  Americans in Texas
                                  10:03
                                  Interested in Texas
                                  10:14
                                  American Immigration Into Texas
                                  12:02
                                  Stephen Austin
                                  12:47
                                  Revolt Broke Out
                                  13:20
                                  Stephen Austin: “The father of Texas” and Sam Houston, the First President of the Republic of Texas
                                  13:36
                                  Tensions between U.S. and Mexico
                                  14:02
                                  Legalize Slavery
                                  14:10
                                  Instability in Mexico
                                  15:33
                                  Independence of Texas
                                  16:07
                                  Battle of San Jacinto
                                  16:20
                                  U.S. Settlements and The Texas War of Independence
                                  17:09
                                  U.S. Annexation of Texas
                                  17:09
                                  Southern Democrats
                                  17:38
                                  Election of 1844
                                  17:47
                                  President martin Van Buren Refused
                                  18:30
                                  Main Battles in the Texas War of Independence
                                  18:55
                                  Oregon
                                  19:51
                                  U.S. and British Sovereignty
                                  19:58
                                  The Catholic Missionaries From Canada
                                  20:30
                                  Oregon Fever
                                  20:55
                                  A Measles Epidemic
                                  21:32
                                  Huge Westward Migration and Trails
                                  21:50
                                  Great Overland Trails
                                  22:13
                                  Gender Lines
                                  23:26
                                  Expansion Issue Politicized
                                  23:37
                                  The Election of 1844
                                  23:39
                                  President Tyler
                                  23:48
                                  James Polk
                                  24:27
                                  Fifty Four Forty or Fight
                                  24:38
                                  Compromise over Oregon And The Southwest
                                  25:26
                                  Border 49th Parallel
                                  25:30
                                  The Northern Border of Oregon
                                  25:50
                                  Zachary Taylor
                                  26:13
                                  The Mexican American War
                                  26:30
                                  Map of the U.S.-Mexican War
                                  26:43
                                  U.S.-Mexican War
                                  28:30
                                  John Slidell
                                  28:34
                                  Whig Critics
                                  28:54
                                  Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
                                  29:19
                                  Mexican Cession
                                  29:42
                                  Polk Supports Extending the Missouri Compromise Line
                                  30:43
                                  Banning Slavery North of the Line and Permitting it South of the Line
                                  31:19
                                  Popular Sovereignty
                                  31:31
                                  The Sectional Debate Heats Up
                                  31:41
                                  Polk's Expansionist Agenda
                                  32:05
                                  The Wilmot Proviso
                                  32:44
                                  A Threat to Republican Liberties and White Yeoman Farming
                                  33:38
                                  Dissent and Divergence
                                  34:08
                                  Dissenter of the U.S.-Mexican War
                                  34:27
                                  Frederick Douglass
                                  35:46
                                  Diverging Views of Douglass and Garrison
                                  36:46
                                  Example 1
                                  37:32
                                  Example 2
                                  40:54
                                  Example 3
                                  41:50
                                  The Expansion of Slavery and Resistance to its Expansion

                                  1h 5m

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:09
                                  Election of 1848
                                  1:10
                                  Free-Soil Party
                                  2:04
                                  Taylor Won
                                  2:38
                                  Antislavery Democrats: “ Barnburners”
                                  2:54
                                  The California Gold Rush
                                  4:26
                                  Increased in Non-Native American Population
                                  5:39
                                  Forty-Niners
                                  5:56
                                  Chinese Migrants
                                  6:38
                                  The California Gold Rush Images and Map
                                  7:27
                                  California and Gold Rush Map
                                  9:41
                                  Effects of the Gold Rush
                                  10:34
                                  A Labor Shortage
                                  10:36
                                  Indian Hunters
                                  11:17
                                  Heterogeneous Population
                                  11:50
                                  Rising Sectional Differences
                                  12:05
                                  The Balance of Slave and Free States
                                  12:12
                                  Personal Liberty Laws and Fugitive Slave Laws
                                  12:34
                                  A Series of Compromises
                                  13:14
                                  Compromise of 1850
                                  13:30
                                  Fillmore
                                  14:48
                                  California Join the Union as a Free State
                                  14:55
                                  Fugitive Slave Law
                                  15:17
                                  Temporarily Preserved the Union
                                  16:37
                                  Map of the Compromise of 1850
                                  16:43
                                  Crisis of the 1850s
                                  17:39
                                  Franklin Pierce
                                  17:45
                                  Young America
                                  19:59
                                  The Ostend Manifesto
                                  19:24
                                  Railroads, Slavery, and Sectionalism
                                  20:02
                                  Westward Expansion
                                  20:11
                                  Better Communication
                                  20:28
                                  Gadsen Purchase
                                  20:50
                                  Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
                                  21:45
                                  Popular Sovereignty
                                  22:03
                                  Missouri Compromise was Repealed
                                  23:01
                                  A Scramble of Pro- and Anti-slavery Settlers
                                  23:42
                                  Republican Party
                                  24:05
                                  Anti-Nebraska Dems
                                  24:25
                                  Map of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854
                                  24:48
                                  Bleeding Kansas
                                  25:39
                                  Pro-Slavery Forces
                                  26:23
                                  Free-Staters
                                  26:29
                                  President Pierce
                                  26:51
                                  John Brown
                                  28:16
                                  Pottawatomie Massacre
                                  28:42
                                  Tragic Prelude
                                  29:04
                                  Charles Summer's “The Crime Against Kansas”
                                  30:46
                                  Free-Soil Ideology
                                  32:40
                                  Northern Whites Believed that Slavery was Dangerous
                                  32:52
                                  Antithesis of Democracy
                                  33:57
                                  The Free Soil Party
                                  34:34
                                  A Critical View: “The Hurly-Burly Pot”
                                  34:55
                                  The Pro-Slavery Argument
                                  37:52
                                  Uncle Tom's Cabin
                                  37:58
                                  The Pro-Slavery Argument
                                  38:37
                                  Superior Southern Way of life
                                  39:03
                                  “Cotton is King”
                                  39:19
                                  Election of 1856
                                  39:51
                                  John Fremont
                                  40:13
                                  Increasing the Support of the Republican Party
                                  41:17
                                  Sectionalism of the Realigned Political Parties
                                  42:14
                                  A Surge in Nativism
                                  42:26
                                  Nativism
                                  43:13
                                  The American Party
                                  44:11
                                  Know-Nothing Party
                                  44:20
                                  The Dred Scott Decision
                                  44:16
                                  An Army Surgeon
                                  45:04
                                  Circuit Court
                                  45:26
                                  John Sanford
                                  45:29
                                  Chief Justice Taney's Stance
                                  46:28
                                  No Claim to Citizenship
                                  46:35
                                  The MO Compromise
                                  47:33
                                  Great Controversy
                                  47:48
                                  Deadlock Over Kansas
                                  48:11
                                  Buchanan Timidly Endorsed the Dred Scott Case
                                  48:18
                                  Lecompton Constitution
                                  48:28
                                  Buchanan Pressured Congress
                                  48:55
                                  KS as a Free State
                                  49:18
                                  Significant Congressional Election of 1858
                                  49:28
                                  Sectional Crisis
                                  49:36
                                  Lincoln-Douglas
                                  50:30
                                  House Divided
                                  51:38
                                  The Spread of Free Labor
                                  53:03
                                  The Rise of Lincoln
                                  53:18
                                  Freeport Doctrine
                                  53:36
                                  A National Following
                                  54:47
                                  Lost the Majority of Democrats of the House
                                  55:10
                                  Lincoln and Douglas
                                  55:21
                                  John Brown's Raid
                                  55:34
                                  John Brown's Statement
                                  56:08
                                  Seized a Mountain Fortress
                                  56:50
                                  Brown Surrendered
                                  57:07
                                  Example 1
                                  57:40
                                  Example 2
                                  1:00:29
                                  Example 3
                                  1:02:25
                                  The Civil War, Part 1

                                  44m

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  The Election of 1860
                                  1:53
                                  Divided Democrats
                                  2:45
                                  A Free-Soil Platform
                                  2:56
                                  Momentous Consequences
                                  3:58
                                  Storming the Castle
                                  4:26
                                  The National Game, Three “Outs” and One “Run”
                                  7:12
                                  The Election of 1860 Voting Results
                                  7:53
                                  The Appeal of Abraham Lincoln
                                  8:52
                                  Reputation for Eloquence
                                  9:02
                                  Signal to White Southerners
                                  9:36
                                  Secession and the Fire-eaters
                                  9:44
                                  South Carolina Convention
                                  9:48
                                  Confederate States of America
                                  10:18
                                  Jefferson Davis
                                  10:27
                                  Buchanan's Response and the Crittenden Plan
                                  10:39
                                  Fort Sumter
                                  11:30
                                  The Crittenden Compromise
                                  11:53
                                  Constitutional Amendment
                                  12:10
                                  Extension of Missouri Compromise Line
                                  12:25
                                  Lincoln Inaugurated and In Command
                                  12:49
                                  Refuse the Extension of Missouri Compromise Line
                                  13:05
                                  Union Constituted Insurrection
                                  13:49
                                  The Upper South Chooses Sides
                                  14:01
                                  State Militiamen
                                  14:14
                                  Border States
                                  14:50
                                  Setting Wars Objectives and Strategies
                                  15:41
                                  Defense of Confederacy
                                  15:45
                                  Unconditional Surrender
                                  16:09
                                  George B. McClellan
                                  16:50
                                  Battle Of Shiloh
                                  17:20
                                  The Anaconda Plan
                                  17:43
                                  Blockading the Gulf of Mexico
                                  18:40
                                  Starve the South into Submission
                                  18:48
                                  Seizing the Mississippi River
                                  19:07
                                  The Defensive Strategy of the Confederacy
                                  20:06
                                  Strategy of the South
                                  20:13
                                  General Robert E. Lee
                                  20:21
                                  Problems with Military Generals for the Union
                                  20:28
                                  Confederate Army under “Stonewall” Jackson
                                  21:12
                                  Battle at Antietam Creek
                                  21:50
                                  Joseph Fighting Joe Hooker
                                  22:57
                                  Both Sides Forced Into “Total War”
                                  23:11
                                  The First Legally Binding Draft
                                  24:03
                                  Rich Man's War and a Poor Man's Fight
                                  24:45
                                  Unenforceable Southerners
                                  25:02
                                  The Union and Total War
                                  25:15
                                  The Union's Militia Act of 1862
                                  25:20
                                  German and Irish Immigrants
                                  26:10
                                  15000 Confederate Sympathizers
                                  27:05
                                  Draft Riots of 1863
                                  28:06
                                  Aftermath of Draft Riots
                                  29:16
                                  Riots in New York City
                                  29:52
                                  A Plea for Churches
                                  29:55
                                  Financial Relief
                                  29:58
                                  Medical Services During the War
                                  30:42
                                  The Union Army Medical Bureau
                                  31:27
                                  U.S. Sanitary Commission
                                  31:36
                                  Dorothea Dix
                                  32:06
                                  Women Participated in Military Duties
                                  33:00
                                  Women and the Civil War
                                  33:15
                                  Mobilizing Resources
                                  34:00
                                  Mass Production
                                  34:11
                                  King Cotton
                                  34:55
                                  Rebel Government as a Belligerent Power
                                  35:05
                                  Federal Subsidies for Railroads
                                  35:48
                                  The Homestead Act
                                  36:10
                                  Economic Differences
                                  36:59
                                  Less Coherent Economic Policy
                                  37:03
                                  Legal Tender Act of 1862
                                  37:41
                                  Inflation Increased
                                  38:03
                                  Example 1
                                  38:32
                                  Example 2
                                  40:03
                                  Example 3
                                  42:15
                                  The Civil War, Part 2

                                  43m 47s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  The Road to Emancipation
                                  1:50
                                  Struggle Against Slavery
                                  2:44
                                  Contrabands
                                  3:35
                                  First Confiscation Act in 1861
                                  4:28
                                  Wilmot Proviso
                                  5:17
                                  Wilmot Proviso Map
                                  5:30
                                  Contrabands
                                  5:49
                                  Union Lines
                                  5:52
                                  Slavery Began to Disintegrate
                                  6:03
                                  Lincoln Plans to Emancipate
                                  6:34
                                  Second Confiscation
                                  6:38
                                  Initial Draft of Emancipation
                                  7:10
                                  Emancipation Proclamation
                                  8:12
                                  Urged Slaves to Abstain from all Violence
                                  10:13
                                  Freedom to Slaves!
                                  10:25
                                  Abe Lincoln's Last Card Or Rouge-et-Noir
                                  12:31
                                  Vicksburg and Gettysburg
                                  14:09
                                  Vicksburg
                                  14:46
                                  The Battle at Gettysburg
                                  15:30
                                  Davis Supporters
                                  16:39
                                  Gettysburg Address
                                  17:09
                                  Dedication of the Cemetery for the Union War Dead
                                  17:40
                                  New Birth of Freedom
                                  17:48
                                  A War for Union and Freedom
                                  17:59
                                  The Turning Point
                                  20:35
                                  Own Regiments
                                  20:48
                                  The Emancipation Proclamation
                                  21:01
                                  White Resistance to Conscription
                                  21:22
                                  Segregated Military
                                  21:53
                                  Ulysses S. Grant Charge
                                  22:04
                                  Ulysses S. Grant
                                  22:15
                                  Fight a Modern War
                                  23:00
                                  Union and Confederate Soldiers
                                  23:33
                                  Barren Waste
                                  23:52
                                  General Philip H Sheridan
                                  23:57
                                  The Definition of Conventional Warfare
                                  24:08
                                  African American Man Picks Up Skeletons
                                  24:52
                                  The Elections of 1864
                                  25:29
                                  Constitutional Amendment to Abolish Slavery
                                  25:37
                                  National Union Party
                                  25:45
                                  Map of the Election of 1864
                                  26:45
                                  Post-Election
                                  27:18
                                  Potential Invalidity of Emancipation Proclamation
                                  27:30
                                  Legality of Abolishing Slavery
                                  27:53
                                  Sherman's March
                                  28:10
                                  Accelerated the Pace of Emancipation
                                  28:23
                                  The 13th Amendment
                                  28:33
                                  General William Tecumseh Sherman
                                  29:00
                                  Sherman's March Map
                                  29:12
                                  The Aftermath of Sherman's March
                                  30:17
                                  Destruction brought by Sherman
                                  30:20
                                  Wreak Vengeance
                                  30:45
                                  A Manpower Shortage
                                  30:58
                                  Lee's Surrender at Appomattox Court House
                                  31:11
                                  Appomattox Court House
                                  31:32
                                  Cost of Victory
                                  31:48
                                  The Conquest of the South, 1861-1865
                                  32:35
                                  Casualties and Loss
                                  33:10
                                  The Lost of the South
                                  33:32
                                  Destroyed Cities
                                  33:46
                                  The Thirteenth Amendment Passed
                                  34:14
                                  Jurisdiction
                                  35:07
                                  Abolish Slavery
                                  35:12
                                  Example 1
                                  36:19
                                  Example 2
                                  38:36
                                  Example 3
                                  41:33
                                  Section 6: Period 6: 1865-1898
                                  Reconstruction, Part 1

                                  49m 57s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Reconstruction
                                  1:32
                                  Readmitting the Southern States
                                  2:15
                                  Bind Up the Nation's Wounds
                                  4:27
                                  Freedom Beyond Emancipation
                                  5:24
                                  Rebellious States
                                  6:22
                                  Presidential Reconstruction
                                  6:29
                                  Separation of Power
                                  6:59
                                  Ten Percent Plan
                                  7:41
                                  Lenient Policy
                                  8:33
                                  Congressional Reconstruction
                                  9:37
                                  Wade-Davis Bill
                                  10:00
                                  An Oath of Allegiance
                                  10:13
                                  Pocket veto
                                  10:54
                                  Lincoln Was Assassinated
                                  11:34
                                  Ford's Theater
                                  11:45
                                  The Four Co-conspirators
                                  12:19
                                  Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction
                                  13:16
                                  Andrew Johnson
                                  13:25
                                  Appointed Provisional Governors
                                  14:56
                                  Rejoining the Union
                                  15:20
                                  Black Codes and Backlash
                                  15:34
                                  Black Codes
                                  16:10
                                  Refuse to Admit the Southern Delegations
                                  18:31
                                  The Black Codes
                                  19:08
                                  Freedmen's Bureau
                                  20:08
                                  Lyman Trumbull
                                  21:34
                                  Securing the Civil Rights of the Freedmen
                                  22:26
                                  What Type of Labor System
                                  22:52
                                  Battles in the Sea Islands
                                  22:56
                                  True Freedom
                                  23:52
                                  Gang-Labor System
                                  25:08
                                  White Man's Government
                                  25:33
                                  White Supremacy
                                  26:55
                                  Turned to Washington
                                  27:06
                                  Congress Versus the President
                                  27:17
                                  Freedmen's Bureau Bill
                                  27:24
                                  Trumbull's Civil Rights Bill
                                  27:39
                                  14th Amendment to the Constitution
                                  29:12
                                  Fourteenth Amendment
                                  29:24
                                  All Persons Born or Naturalized in the United States
                                  29:34
                                  The Equal Protection of the Laws
                                  29:53
                                  Civil Rights Act
                                  31:38
                                  Johnson's Response
                                  32:00
                                  The Fourteenth Amendment Became a Campaign Issue
                                  32:45
                                  Waving the Bloody Shirt
                                  32:57
                                  The Civil Rights of Ex-Slaves
                                  33:54
                                  Radical Republicans
                                  34:07
                                  Party's Abolitionist Strain
                                  34:21
                                  Remaking Southern Society
                                  35:55
                                  Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner
                                  36:52
                                  The Reconstruction Act of 1867
                                  36:54
                                  Five Military Districts
                                  37:12
                                  Prewar Political Class
                                  37:32
                                  The Tenure of Office
                                  37:48
                                  Replace Edwin M. Stanton by General Ulysses S. Grant
                                  38:18
                                  Impeachment of Johnson
                                  38:47
                                  Impeachment
                                  39:03
                                  Tenure of Office Act
                                  39:31
                                  Horatio Seymour
                                  40:31
                                  Impeachment of Johnson, 1867
                                  40:49
                                  Example 1
                                  41:22
                                  Example 2
                                  44:09
                                  Example 3
                                  47:15
                                  Reconstruction, Part 2

                                  50m

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Women's Suffrage Denied
                                  1:24
                                  Women's Suffrage
                                  2:35
                                  National Women's Suffrage Association
                                  3:17
                                  Modern Feminist Movement
                                  3:37
                                  Out in the Cold
                                  3:57
                                  Republican Rule in the South
                                  5:38
                                  Congressional Stipulations
                                  5:57
                                  Scalawags
                                  6:47
                                  Carpetbaggers
                                  7:09
                                  Martial Law in the South
                                  8:36
                                  The Republican Program
                                  9:39
                                  Black Officeholders
                                  9:54
                                  Modernized State Constitutions
                                  10:04
                                  Tax Assessors and Collectors
                                  10:58
                                  Republican Reconstruction
                                  11:20
                                  Public Credit Collapsed
                                  11:26
                                  Education as the Foundation
                                  13:12
                                  New African American Churches
                                  13:31
                                  African Americans Take a Greater Role in Politics
                                  14:16
                                  Greater Role in Politics
                                  14:18
                                  The Assemble will Demand Revenge
                                  15:13
                                  Robert Brown Elliot
                                  15:47
                                  African Americans in Government
                                  16:15
                                  Hiram Revels
                                  16:26
                                  Robert Smalls
                                  16:32
                                  Blanche K. Bruce
                                  16:40
                                  African American Majority
                                  17:11
                                  The Quest of Land
                                  18:00
                                  Overcome Poverty
                                  18:20
                                  Southern Homestead Act of 1866
                                  19:15
                                  Ex-Confederates
                                  19:40
                                  Sharecropping
                                  20:04
                                  Sharecropping
                                  20:32
                                  A Lien on the Crop
                                  21:37
                                  A Pretext for Peonage
                                  21:54
                                  Barrow Plantation
                                  22:55
                                  Ownership of Land after Reconstruction
                                  23:55
                                  Devastating to Southern Agriculture
                                  24:29
                                  Violence in the South: Backlash
                                  25:02
                                  Counterrevolution
                                  25:35
                                  A Threat to White Supremacy
                                  26:33
                                  Nathan Bedford Forrest
                                  27:15
                                  The KKK Act of 1871
                                  28:13
                                  Worse Than Slavery
                                  28:36
                                  One Vote Less
                                  29:51
                                  Democratic Backlash
                                  30:21
                                  Prosecuting the KKK
                                  30:56
                                  The Klan
                                  31:02
                                  Prosecuting Klansmen
                                  31:40
                                  Democrats Overthrew Republicans Government
                                  32:51
                                  The Undoing of Reconstruction
                                  33:04
                                  Redeemers
                                  33:17
                                  Massive Black Barbarism
                                  33:53
                                  The Civil Rights Bill
                                  34:48
                                  The End of Reconstruction
                                  35:08
                                  Selling Their Votes for Money
                                  35:14
                                  Refashioned Themselves as Liberals
                                  35:48
                                  Grant Turned a Blind Eye
                                  36:45
                                  Grant Wins and Scandals Ensue
                                  37:11
                                  Whiskey Ring
                                  37:54
                                  White House
                                  38:07
                                  Credit Mobiler
                                  38:49
                                  Depression
                                  39:20
                                  The Bankruptcy of the Northern Pacific Railway
                                  39:28
                                  Freedman's Savings and Trust Company
                                  40:05
                                  Lost its Moral Claim on the Country
                                  40:39
                                  Grantism
                                  41:13
                                  Scandal-Ridden Administration
                                  41:18
                                  Triumphant Foreign Tour
                                  41:35
                                  The Political Crisis of 1877
                                  41:46
                                  Home Rule
                                  42:02
                                  Disputed Votes to Hayes
                                  42:45
                                  Hayes was Inaugurated
                                  43:03
                                  The End of Reconstruction
                                  43:23
                                  Compromise of 1877
                                  43:28
                                  3 Rights-Defining Amendments
                                  44:00
                                  Example 1
                                  45:01
                                  Example 2
                                  46:12
                                  Example 3
                                  47:52
                                  The American West

                                  58m 16s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  The U.S. Frontier and Industrialism
                                  2:47
                                  Post Civil War Republican Vision
                                  4:05
                                  Laissez-Faire Approach
                                  5:04
                                  Spread of American Industrialism Movement
                                  6:50
                                  The Great Plains and The West
                                  7:05
                                  Semiarid Great Plains
                                  7:13
                                  Arid West
                                  7:20
                                  Small Pox and Measles
                                  7:43
                                  Map of the U.S.
                                  8:13
                                  Native American Tribes and Lands Ceded
                                  9:26
                                  The Sioux
                                  10:48
                                  Antelope and Buffalo
                                  11:03
                                  Pawnees, Mandans and Euro-Americans
                                  11:34
                                  Westward Migration Into “Indian Country”
                                  11:42
                                  American Fever
                                  12:24
                                  Exodusters and Kansas
                                  13:00
                                  Union Pacific and Central Pacific
                                  13:29
                                  Telegraph Lines
                                  13:56
                                  Farming and Railroads in the West
                                  14:05
                                  Cattle Raising
                                  14:06
                                  New Technologies
                                  15:22
                                  Settlement of the Great Plains
                                  16:37
                                  The Transcontinental Railroad
                                  17:03
                                  Promontory Point, UT
                                  17:18
                                  Gold Rush in 1849
                                  17:36
                                  The Increase of Non-Native American Population
                                  18:14
                                  Hit the Trails
                                  18:26
                                  Chinese
                                  18:48
                                  Gold Rush and Cattle Ranching
                                  19:18
                                  Silver Mining and Other Industries
                                  20:15
                                  Open-Range Ranching
                                  21:05
                                  Long Drive
                                  21:56
                                  Cowboys and Buffalo Bill's Wild West
                                  22:57
                                  Buffalo Bill
                                  23:22
                                  The Wild West Show
                                  23:56
                                  Little Annie Oakley
                                  24:40
                                  The Wild West Show
                                  25:59
                                  Homesteaders and Homestead Act of 1862
                                  27:24
                                  Homestead Act of 1862
                                  27:40
                                  The U.S. Geological Survey
                                  29:08
                                  Department of the Interior
                                  29:14
                                  Farming and the Grange
                                  29:23
                                  Meat Packing Industry
                                  29:41
                                  National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry
                                  31:07
                                  Oliver H. Kelley
                                  31:20
                                  Montgomery Ward
                                  31:41
                                  Oliver Kelley, Founder of the Grange
                                  32:13
                                  Native Americans and the West
                                  32:36
                                  A Peace Commission in 1867
                                  32:58
                                  Bureau of Indian Affairs
                                  33:30
                                  Reservations
                                  34:03
                                  SW Dakota Territory
                                  35:05
                                  Apaches, Navajos and Utes
                                  35:22
                                  Fort Laramie Treaty
                                  35:45
                                  Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce
                                  36:16
                                  Battle of Little Big Horn
                                  37:45
                                  The Nez Perce
                                  37:48
                                  George Custer
                                  38:37
                                  Little Big Horn
                                  38:54
                                  Assimilation Polices
                                  39:49
                                  Education and Religious Indoctrination of American Indians
                                  40:13
                                  The Carlisle Boarding School
                                  40:33
                                  Helen Hunt Jackson
                                  41:26
                                  A Century of Dishonor
                                  41:31
                                  Helen Hunt Jackson and Dawes Severalty Act
                                  42:03
                                  Private Property and Severalty
                                  42:17
                                  The Dawes Act
                                  43:07
                                  Indian Education
                                  43:37
                                  The Ghost Dance
                                  44:11
                                  Native American Civilization
                                  44:26
                                  Wovoka
                                  44:32
                                  Wounded Knee, 1890
                                  45:21
                                  The Long War of Suppression of the Plains Indians
                                  46:07
                                  The End of Indian Wars
                                  46:22
                                  Railroad Workers, Miners and Cowboys
                                  46:56
                                  The Diverse West and California
                                  47:12
                                  The High Sierras
                                  47:31
                                  Asian Migration
                                  47:48
                                  The Six Companies
                                  47:55
                                  Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
                                  48:10
                                  Chinese Exclusion Act
                                  48:43
                                  Japanese Immigrants
                                  49:10
                                  Biased Anti-Chinese Imagery
                                  49:34
                                  Golden California
                                  50:25
                                  Mark Twain and Bret Harte
                                  50:50
                                  Southern Pacific Railroad
                                  51:12
                                  John Muir
                                  51:26
                                  Sierra Club
                                  51:45
                                  Public Parks Established
                                  52:03
                                  Rampant Overdevelopment
                                  52:32
                                  Yosemite Valley
                                  52:38
                                  Yellowstone Valley
                                  52:47
                                  Example 1
                                  53:20
                                  Example 2
                                  55:48
                                  The Rise of the Industrial U.S.

                                  50m 27s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  The Age of Steel
                                  2:37
                                  The Bessemer Process
                                  3:54
                                  Andrew Carnegie
                                  4:36
                                  U.S. Steel Corporation
                                  5:04
                                  Andrew Carnegie
                                  5:16
                                  Rags to Riches
                                  5:31
                                  Vertical Integration
                                  6:22
                                  Carnegie Steel
                                  6:53
                                  Two Carnegeian Influential Ideologies
                                  7:38
                                  Social Darwinism
                                  8:18
                                  William Graham Sumner
                                  10:37
                                  Gospel of Wealth
                                  11:07
                                  Philanthropy
                                  11:30
                                  The Railroad Business
                                  12:26
                                  Increase of Railroad Construction
                                  12:58
                                  John Murray Forbes, Cornelius Vanderbilt and James Hill
                                  13:52
                                  Investment Banks
                                  14:12
                                  Map of Railroad Development
                                  14:44
                                  Corporate Consolidation
                                  15:44
                                  Scarcity of Jobs and Money
                                  16:24
                                  The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
                                  17:53
                                  Corporate Consolidation
                                  18:38
                                  Corporations
                                  18:54
                                  Corporation
                                  19:03
                                  Limited Liability
                                  19:39
                                  Dominated by a Few Individuals
                                  20:36
                                  Big Four
                                  21:11
                                  Cornelius Vanderbilt
                                  21:40
                                  Robber Baron
                                  22:08
                                  Horatio Alger
                                  23:47
                                  Synonym for Enormous Wealth and Excessive Corporate
                                  24:42
                                  “Modern Colossus of Roads” by Joseph Keppler in Puck in 1879
                                  24:56
                                  The Great Strike of 1877
                                  25:28
                                  Railroad Mogul
                                  25:34
                                  The Great Strike of 1877
                                  25:47
                                  Fall of Railroad Building
                                  27:25
                                  Manufacturing Output Increased
                                  28:10
                                  John D. Rockefeller
                                  28:35
                                  Black Gold
                                  28:43
                                  Horizontal Integration
                                  29:36
                                  Cut-Throat Competition
                                  29:49
                                  Vertical and Horizontal Integration
                                  30:29
                                  Gustavus Swift and Philip Armour's Meatpacking
                                  31:45
                                  Dominated Meatpacking
                                  31:56
                                  Refrigerator Cars
                                  32:12
                                  Other Businesses
                                  32:31
                                  Tobacco, Farm Machinery, Sewing Machine and Cereals
                                  32:35
                                  Cartels
                                  32:44
                                  Trusts
                                  32:53
                                  Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
                                  33:50
                                  The Basic Federal Antimonopoly Law
                                  34:04
                                  Congress Government Intervention in the Free Economy
                                  34:43
                                  United States v. E.C. Knight
                                  35:52
                                  Standard Oil Company v. United States
                                  36:19
                                  Laissez-Faire, and the Gilded Age
                                  37:48
                                  Laissez-Faire Approach
                                  38:14
                                  Industrial Giant
                                  38:49
                                  The Gilded Age: A Tale of Today
                                  38:58
                                  Democratic Vistas
                                  39:43
                                  Chromo Civilization
                                  39:50
                                  The Gilded Age
                                  39:58
                                  Glittery
                                  40:09
                                  Crass Corruption
                                  40:27
                                  Robber Barons: History Repeats Itself
                                  41:26
                                  Robber Barons
                                  42:31
                                  Example 1
                                  43:13
                                  Example 2
                                  45:29
                                  Example 3
                                  46:53
                                  Working People and the Labor Movement in the Gilded Age

                                  38m 41s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  The World of Work
                                  2:14
                                  Farm Folk and Artisans
                                  2:37
                                  White-Collar Jobs
                                  3:03
                                  Negative Aspects of Urban Life
                                  4:19
                                  Outside Labor For Industries
                                  5:13
                                  Types of Jobs
                                  6:53
                                  Working Trends
                                  8:10
                                  Women Working More for Wages
                                  8:24
                                  Race, Ethnicity and Gender
                                  9:04
                                  Mechanized Jobs
                                  9:43
                                  Collective Bargaining
                                  10:00
                                  Immigration Affects the Working World
                                  10:53
                                  Huge Migration from the old World
                                  11:04
                                  Austrian, Hungarians and other Slavic People
                                  11:20
                                  The Labor Movement
                                  12:09
                                  The Knights of Labor
                                  12:22
                                  Cooperative Commonwealth
                                  13:30
                                  Social Reforms
                                  13:55
                                  Collective Bargaining and Closed Shops
                                  14:02
                                  Terence Powderly
                                  14:16
                                  Closed Shops
                                  15:15
                                  Open to all who Toiled
                                  15:47
                                  The Woman's Bureau of the Knights
                                  15:55
                                  The Knights Boycotted Against Gould
                                  16:15
                                  Boycott Against Unfair Employers
                                  16:34
                                  Jay Gould's Southwestern Railway System
                                  16:39
                                  Disorganized Strike
                                  17:20
                                  Haymarket Square Incident
                                  17:38
                                  Blamed on Anarchists
                                  16:20
                                  An Antiunion Hysteria
                                  18:52
                                  Yellow-Dog Contracts
                                  19:30
                                  The Knights of Labor
                                  20:21
                                  The AFL
                                  20:28
                                  American Federation of Labor
                                  20:35
                                  National Trade Unions
                                  21:26
                                  Bread and Butter Issues
                                  21:39
                                  Samuel Gompers
                                  22:15
                                  Samuel Gompers, Unions and Modern Strikes
                                  22:53
                                  Homestead Strike
                                  24:21
                                  Henry Frick
                                  24:41
                                  Put an End to Trade Unions in the Steel Industry
                                  25:45
                                  Pullman Strike
                                  26:13
                                  President Cleveland
                                  26:57
                                  Secondary Labor Boycott
                                  27:16
                                  Contempt of Court
                                  28:24
                                  In re Debs in 1895
                                  28:50
                                  The use of Injunctions against Strikes
                                  29:04
                                  Socialism and the American Socialist Party
                                  29:15
                                  The IWW
                                  30:07
                                  The Wobblies
                                  30:13
                                  Marxist Class Struggle
                                  30:19
                                  General Strike
                                  30:27
                                  Syndicalism
                                  30:33
                                  Influence of Socialism and Debs
                                  31:06
                                  Social Darwinists
                                  31:28
                                  Eugene Debs
                                  32:02
                                  Labor Unions
                                  32:19
                                  Example 1
                                  33:02
                                  Example 2
                                  35:40
                                  Example 3
                                  37:09
                                  Immigration, Urban, Culture and Politics

                                  48m 51s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  Ward Politics and Political Bosses
                                  0:56
                                  Urban Political Machines
                                  1:40
                                  Tammany Hall in New York
                                  1:56
                                  Grassroots Constituency
                                  3:10
                                  Boss Tweed
                                  4:30
                                  The Political Machine and Corruption
                                  5:34
                                  George Plunkitt
                                  7:13
                                  Regular System
                                  7:21
                                  Honest Graft
                                  7:43
                                  Social Changes
                                  10:54
                                  Class Society
                                  11:00
                                  Increase in Suburbanization
                                  11:25
                                  American Woman's Home Journal
                                  12:19
                                  A Clash of Values
                                  12:51
                                  The Victorian Ideal of Domesticity
                                  13:09
                                  Clash of Victorian Ideas
                                  13:59
                                  Comstock Law
                                  14:35
                                  Religion and Secularism in the City
                                  15:26
                                  Orthodox Judaism
                                  16:15
                                  Catholic Church
                                  17:25
                                  Protestant Churches
                                  18:04
                                  Working-Class Culture and Journalism
                                  19:10
                                  Working-Class Culture
                                  19:28
                                  Joseph Pulitzer
                                  20:05
                                  Heart's New York Journal
                                  20:14
                                  The Higher Culture
                                  21:58
                                  The Corcoran Gallery of Art
                                  22:12
                                  Symphony Orchestras
                                  22:53
                                  Increase in Public Libraries
                                  23:08
                                  The Gilded Age
                                  24:46
                                  Ellis Island and Angel Island
                                  25:31
                                  Ellis Island
                                  26:15
                                  Angel Island
                                  27:02
                                  Paper Sons and Paper Daughters
                                  28:00
                                  The Immigrant Experience
                                  28:36
                                  “Old” and “New” Immigrants
                                  31:12
                                  Immigrant Challenges and Opportunities
                                  32:06
                                  Fraternal Organizations
                                  32:34
                                  Labor Force in Factories
                                  35:25
                                  Backlash Against Immigrants
                                  35:57
                                  The “Land of Milk and Honey”
                                  37:18
                                  Old Immigrants
                                  38:05
                                  Push and Pull
                                  38:19
                                  Immigration Cartoons
                                  38:25
                                  Urban Life: Technology Improves Life
                                  39:49
                                  New Forms of Transportation
                                  40:25
                                  Suburbs
                                  40:45
                                  Public-Works Programs
                                  40:50
                                  Skyscrapers and Subways
                                  41:03
                                  Frederick Law Olmsted's Central Park
                                  41:18
                                  Designed in 1860s
                                  42:14
                                  Inspired Other Parks
                                  42:18
                                  Urban Problems
                                  42:29
                                  Tenements
                                  42:33
                                  Poor Conditions
                                  42:45
                                  Example 1
                                  43:32
                                  Example 2
                                  44:42
                                  Example 3
                                  45:57
                                  The New South and The Farmers Mobilize

                                  45m 21s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  Frontier Thesis
                                  3:07
                                  Jackson Turner
                                  3:48
                                  The Significance of the Frontier in American History
                                  4:25
                                  The Decline of the Dominance of Rural America
                                  6:17
                                  A “New South”
                                  7:19
                                  Economic Growth in the South
                                  7:34
                                  Henry Grady
                                  8:31
                                  Tax Exemptions
                                  8:43
                                  The “New South”
                                  9:10
                                  Poverty in the South
                                  10:02
                                  Mostly Agricultural
                                  10:06
                                  Lacked Technological Skills
                                  10:17
                                  Cycle of Poverty
                                  10:46
                                  George Washington Carver
                                  11:09
                                  Class, Race and Politics in the New South
                                  11:50
                                  Inequality
                                  12:14
                                  Redeemers
                                  12:32
                                  Gerrymandering
                                  13:10
                                  Readjusters
                                  13:24
                                  The Colored Farmers' Alliance
                                  15:04
                                  Discrimination and Jim Crow
                                  15:21
                                  White Man's Party and the Solid South
                                  15:57
                                  Problems at the Polls
                                  16:17
                                  Court Cases and Discrimination
                                  18:09
                                  Civil Rights Cases of 1883
                                  18:44
                                  Plessy v. Ferguson
                                  19:11
                                  Williams v. Mississippi
                                  21:42
                                  Civil Rights Activists Fight Back
                                  22:22
                                  Boycotts of Streetcars
                                  22:48
                                  Ida Wells-Barnett's Anti-Lynching Campaign
                                  23:03
                                  Booker T. Washington and W.E.B Du Bois
                                  24:33
                                  Farmers Face Problems
                                  25:11
                                  Grange Movement
                                  25:41
                                  The Farmers' Alliances
                                  26:14
                                  The National Alliance
                                  26:48
                                  The Populist Movement
                                  27:44
                                  A Catalyst for Political Crisis
                                  28:25
                                  A Class Ideology
                                  29:13
                                  Omaha Convention
                                  29:44
                                  The Texas Alliance's Subtreasury Plan
                                  30:03
                                  Women Populists
                                  30:37
                                  Populist Movement
                                  30:48
                                  Raise Less Corn and More Hell
                                  30:56
                                  Election of 1862 Map
                                  31:18
                                  The Texas Alliance's Subtreasury System
                                  32:09
                                  Public Warehouse
                                  32:26
                                  Subtreasury
                                  32:40
                                  Rejected by the Democrats
                                  33:05
                                  Railroad Regulations
                                  33:23
                                  Munn v. Illinois
                                  33:57
                                  For the Common Good
                                  34:22
                                  Richard B. Olney and Roscoe Conkling
                                  34:46
                                  Replaced by Judges with Pro-Business Records
                                  34:58
                                  The Wabash Case
                                  35:08
                                  Infringed on the Exclusive power of Congress
                                  35:27
                                  Only the Federal Government Could Regulate Railroads
                                  36:21
                                  The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887
                                  36:32
                                  The Interstate Commerce Act of 1886
                                  36:39
                                  ICC
                                  36:41
                                  Harrison, Cleveland and McKinley
                                  38:12
                                  Ineffective for the First 20 Years
                                  38:23
                                  Example 1
                                  38:44
                                  Example 2
                                  40:51
                                  Example 3
                                  43:06
                                  Politics of the Gilded Age

                                  48m 1s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Campaign Strategy of “Do-Little” Government
                                  2:46
                                  Close Elections
                                  3:30
                                  Campaigning
                                  4:30
                                  Senator Roscoe Conkling
                                  5:53
                                  Waving the Bloody Shirt
                                  6:40
                                  Big City Political Machines
                                  6:58
                                  Presidential Politics
                                  7:24
                                  Rutherford B. Hayes
                                  7:28
                                  James Garfield
                                  8:31
                                  The Great Presidential Puzzle
                                  9:58
                                  Roscoe Conkling
                                  10:01
                                  James A. Garfield
                                  10:27
                                  Presidential Politics
                                  10:42
                                  Chester A. Arthur
                                  10:46
                                  Pendleton Act
                                  11:08
                                  Grover Cleveland
                                  11:59
                                  Grover the Good
                                  12:10
                                  Another President Who Had a Rise in the World
                                  13:11
                                  The Toe-Path to the White House
                                  13:16
                                  New York Customs House
                                  13:19
                                  The Politics of the Status Quo
                                  13:53
                                  The Pendleton Act
                                  14:11
                                  Civil Service Commission
                                  14:16
                                  Excise Tax and tariff
                                  14:47
                                  Cultural Politics and the People
                                  15:29
                                  Politics Became a Form of Entertainment
                                  15:51
                                  Party Loyalty
                                  15:54
                                  Ethnocultural Issues
                                  16:25
                                  Republican Factions
                                  16:47
                                  Stalwarts
                                  17:18
                                  Roscoe Conkling's Faction
                                  17:24
                                  Half-breeds
                                  17:41
                                  James G Blaine
                                  17:47
                                  Blaine Covered in Scandals
                                  18:14
                                  Mugwumps
                                  20:14
                                  Mugwumps
                                  20:27
                                  Fence-Sitters
                                  21:11
                                  The Adoption of the Secret Ballot
                                  21:40
                                  Images of Mugwumps
                                  21:54
                                  Grover Cleveland
                                  23:18
                                  First Democrat
                                  23:23
                                  Treasury Crisis
                                  23:50
                                  The Money Question
                                  24:29
                                  Sound-Money
                                  24:38
                                  An Era of Chronic Deflation
                                  25:02
                                  Bland-Allison Act of 1878
                                  25:14
                                  Coxey's Army
                                  25:46
                                  Jacob Coxey
                                  25:48
                                  The Creation of Government Jobs
                                  26:33
                                  The Issus of Government Bonds
                                  26:53
                                  Assist the Unemployed
                                  26:59
                                  Women and Politics
                                  27:49
                                  National American Woman Suffrage Association
                                  28:34
                                  State Campaigns
                                  29:06
                                  Separate Spheres
                                  29:38
                                  Women and Temperance
                                  30:31
                                  Woman's Christian Temperance Union
                                  30:34
                                  Frances Willard
                                  31:00
                                  Carry Nation
                                  32:01
                                  Prohibition Supporters
                                  32:39
                                  Election of 1896
                                  33:21
                                  Wilson-Gorman Tariff of 1894
                                  34:20
                                  J.P. Morgan
                                  34:35
                                  William Jennings Bryan
                                  35:07
                                  Bryan's “Cross of Gold” Speech
                                  35:41
                                  The Democratic Silver Campaign
                                  36:07
                                  The Paralyzing Equilibrium
                                  37:22
                                  “Cross of Gold” Speech
                                  37:50
                                  Laboring Interests
                                  38:00
                                  The Toilers
                                  38:02
                                  Election of 1892 and 1896
                                  38:43
                                  McKinley's Consolidation
                                  39:12
                                  Republican Dominance in National Politics
                                  39:43
                                  Example 1
                                  40:14
                                  Example 2
                                  42:55
                                  Example 3
                                  45:12
                                  Section 7: Period 7: 1890 - 1945
                                  Progressive Era, Part 1

                                  45m 1s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  Progressivism
                                  1:23
                                  Social Justice
                                  2:27
                                  Industrialization or Urbanization
                                  3:32
                                  Corrupt Government Officials
                                  4:02
                                  Urban Middle Class
                                  4:29
                                  Jane Addams and Hull House
                                  4:48
                                  Jane Addams
                                  4:58
                                  Hull House
                                  5:06
                                  A New Sense of Urgency
                                  5:25
                                  Alleviate Social Problems
                                  5:34
                                  Settlement Movement
                                  5:51
                                  Progressive Ideas
                                  6:33
                                  William James
                                  7:19
                                  Walter Rauschenbusch
                                  8:05
                                  Muckrakers
                                  8:36
                                  Muckrakers
                                  9:53
                                  McClure's and Collier's
                                  10:07
                                  New Kind of Reform
                                  10:19
                                  Progress and Poverty
                                  10:48
                                  Effects of Laissez-Faire Economics
                                  11:04
                                  Inequalities Wealth
                                  11:13
                                  Looking Backward
                                  11:28
                                  A Cooperative Society
                                  11:37
                                  Greater Government Regulation
                                  11:47
                                  How the Other Half Lives
                                  12:01
                                  Jacob A. Riis
                                  12:04
                                  A Danish Immigrant
                                  12:06
                                  Immigrant Ghettoes
                                  12:23
                                  Women Progressives
                                  13:17
                                  Humanitarian Work
                                  13:22
                                  Josephine Shaw Lowell
                                  13:28
                                  National Consumers' League
                                  14:10
                                  A Wave for Protective Laws
                                  15:07
                                  Louis D. Brandeis
                                  15:30
                                  The People's Attorney
                                  15:38
                                  Brandeis Brief
                                  16:17
                                  Supreme Court Justice
                                  17:37
                                  Other Female Reformers
                                  17:47
                                  Margaret Sanger
                                  17:52
                                  American Birth Control League
                                  18:23
                                  National Association of Colored Women
                                  18:42
                                  National Women's Trade Union League
                                  18:57
                                  Suffrage Movement
                                  19:22
                                  The National Woman's Party
                                  19:56
                                  Woman Suffrage Association
                                  20:54
                                  The 19th Amendment
                                  21:17
                                  Images of Suffrage Movement
                                  21:45
                                  Urban Liberalism
                                  22:02
                                  The Needs of the Poor
                                  22:08
                                  Voluntarism
                                  23:02
                                  The Industrial Hazards and Accidents
                                  23:35
                                  Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire
                                  23:49
                                  New York State Factory Commission
                                  26:31
                                  Tammany
                                  27:10
                                  Cultural Pluralism Embattled
                                  27:32
                                  Progressive Goal
                                  28:35
                                  The Anti-Saloon League
                                  29:01
                                  Populist Ideas Implemented Into Politics
                                  30:05
                                  The Direct Primary
                                  31:12
                                  Initiative
                                  31:30
                                  Referendum
                                  31:35
                                  Recall
                                  31:50
                                  From the State to the Federal Level
                                  32:09
                                  Progressive Governors
                                  32:43
                                  Robert La Follette
                                  32:55
                                  Hiram Johnson
                                  33:17
                                  Theodore Roosevelt
                                  33:29
                                  Woodrow Wilson
                                  33:39
                                  Progressivism and National Politics
                                  33:54
                                  Teddy Roosevelt
                                  35:08
                                  Dakota Territory
                                  35:22
                                  Teddy Roosevelt
                                  35:38
                                  Civil Service Commission
                                  35:47
                                  Secretary of the Navy
                                  35:50
                                  Rough Riders
                                  36:15
                                  Trust Buster
                                  36:37
                                  Square Deal
                                  36:38
                                  Example 1
                                  36:53
                                  Example 2
                                  40:20
                                  Example 3
                                  43:07
                                  Progressive Era, Part 2

                                  38m 58s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:04
                                  TR's Square Deal, 1901-1909
                                  1:04
                                  Taking Advantage of Small Business
                                  1:21
                                  Trustbusting and Regulating
                                  1:51
                                  Coal Strike in 1902
                                  2:34
                                  Regulating the Railroads
                                  3:16
                                  Interstate Commerce Commission
                                  3:20
                                  Elkins Act in 1903
                                  4:03
                                  Hepburn Act in 1904
                                  4:17
                                  Regulating Food Industry
                                  4:45
                                  The Jungle
                                  5:02
                                  The Meat Inspection Act in 1906
                                  7:26
                                  The Pure Food and Drug Act and FDA
                                  7:38
                                  Slaughterhouse
                                  8:11
                                  The “Trust Buster”?
                                  8:42
                                  Bad Trusts
                                  9:47
                                  Good Trusts
                                  9:54
                                  Other Regulations
                                  11:04
                                  Sherman Antitrust Act
                                  11:32
                                  The Bureau of Corporations
                                  12:02
                                  Northern Securities Company
                                  12:14
                                  Standard Oil, American Tobacco and DuPont
                                  12:41
                                  Teddy's gentlemen's Agreement
                                  13:06
                                  Trans-Missouri Decision
                                  13:19
                                  Gentlemen's Agreement
                                  14:36
                                  The Infant Hercules and the Standard Oil Serpents
                                  14:52
                                  Environmental Regulations
                                  15:02
                                  Environmentalist or Conservationist
                                  15:14
                                  National Parks
                                  15:22
                                  Rational Use of Gifford Pinchot
                                  15:51
                                  National Reclamation Act
                                  16:31
                                  Republican Progressives Fracture
                                  16:53
                                  William Howard Taft
                                  17:19
                                  Payne-Aldrich Act
                                  17:46
                                  Whistle-Blowing on a Conspiracy
                                  18:23
                                  Joseph Cannon
                                  18:42
                                  Congress's Leading Conservative
                                  19:01
                                  Dictator
                                  19:06
                                  The Progressive Faction
                                  19:14
                                  Dissident Faction
                                  19:29
                                  Progressives or Insurgents
                                  19:31
                                  Standard Oil
                                  19:51
                                  Pursued Monopolies
                                  20:46
                                  Progressive Amendments Under Taft
                                  20:54
                                  16th Amendment
                                  21:16
                                  17th Amendment
                                  21:20
                                  Roosevelt Strikes Back
                                  21:36
                                  New Nationalism
                                  21:38
                                  Child Labor Law
                                  21:53
                                  Strong As a Bull Moose
                                  22:10
                                  Civil Rights Movement Heats Up
                                  22:21
                                  Booker T. Washington
                                  22:38
                                  Atlanta Compromise
                                  23:10
                                  W.E.B. Du Bois
                                  23:41
                                  The Soul of Black Folk
                                  24:06
                                  Niagara Movement
                                  24:58
                                  William Monroe Trotter
                                  25:03
                                  Niagara Falls
                                  25:15
                                  Comprehensive Education
                                  25:30
                                  The NAACP
                                  25:45
                                  The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
                                  25:53
                                  Challenge Unfair Laws
                                  26:09
                                  The Urban League
                                  26:31
                                  Providing Welfare to Black Migrants
                                  26:45
                                  A Network Created
                                  27:06
                                  Woodrow Wilson's “New Freedom”
                                  27:25
                                  A Middle Way that Bears the Powers Of Government
                                  27:42
                                  Place Strict Government Controls on Corporation
                                  28:13
                                  New Freedom
                                  28:20
                                  Triple Wall of Privilege
                                  28:26
                                  The Underwood Tariff Act of 1913
                                  28:38
                                  Federal Reserve Act of 1913
                                  29:07
                                  The Federal Trade Commission
                                  29:34
                                  The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914
                                  30:00
                                  The Federal Farm Loan Act
                                  30:54
                                  A Federal Child Labor Law
                                  31:06
                                  Example 1
                                  31:18
                                  Example 2
                                  33:18
                                  Example 3
                                  36:20
                                  Example 4
                                  37:36
                                  The U.S. Becomes a World Power

                                  56m 1s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  The Roots of U.S. Imperialism
                                  2:12
                                  Abandon the Policy of Neutrality
                                  4:00
                                  Upgraded Navy
                                  5:04
                                  The Influences of Sea Power Upon History
                                  5:16
                                  Latin America and Asia
                                  8:38
                                  Economics Interests
                                  8:54
                                  Extractive Economies
                                  9:10
                                  Natural Resources and Raw Material
                                  9:49
                                  GDP Quadrupled and Businesses
                                  10:09
                                  Imperialist Nations
                                  11:09
                                  The Economy of Expansion
                                  11:40
                                  The Purchase of Alaska
                                  13:19
                                  William Seward
                                  13:45
                                  Natural Resources
                                  14:19
                                  U.S. In Asia and in the Pacific
                                  15:05
                                  Commodore Matthew Perry
                                  15:14
                                  Hawaiian Islands
                                  16:46
                                  Midway Islands
                                  16:56
                                  Pearl Harbor
                                  17:25
                                  Perry's Squadron in Japan
                                  17:31
                                  U.S. Possessions in the Pacific
                                  17:54
                                  The U.S. Annexes Hawaii
                                  19:05
                                  Sugar Plantations
                                  19:32
                                  Voting Rights
                                  19:39
                                  McKinley Tariff
                                  20:14
                                  An official U.S. Territory
                                  21:41
                                  William McKinley and Imperialist Influences
                                  22:55
                                  Assistant Secretary of the Navy
                                  24:34
                                  Henry Cabot Lodge
                                  24:45
                                  William Jennings Bryan and Grover Cleveland
                                  25:51
                                  Causes of Spanish-American War
                                  26:10
                                  Spain as a Declining Imperial Power
                                  26:32
                                  Cuban Independence Movement
                                  27:42
                                  Guerilla Tactics
                                  28:00
                                  Yellow Journalism
                                  28:52
                                  Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst
                                  29:11
                                  Yellow Press
                                  29:18
                                  The Maine
                                  30:47
                                  Hearst and Pulitzer
                                  31:03
                                  Cartoon of Hearst and Pulitzer
                                  31:04
                                  You Furnish the Pictures, and I'll furnish the war
                                  31:49
                                  Jingoism
                                  32:08
                                  Maine Blows Up
                                  32:32
                                  War with Spain
                                  33:19
                                  Remember the Maine
                                  33:20
                                  The Teller Amendment
                                  33:36
                                  Enlisted in the Army
                                  34:15
                                  The Duty of the Hour
                                  34:36
                                  Spanish-American Cuban War
                                  35:54
                                  Two Theaters of War
                                  37:18
                                  Commodore Dewey
                                  37:20
                                  The Rough Riders
                                  37:46
                                  Deaths in the War
                                  38:17
                                  Battle of San Juan Hill
                                  38:38
                                  Treaty of Paris and Aftermath
                                  38:51
                                  The U.S. bought Philippines
                                  39:04
                                  An Imperial Power
                                  40:18
                                  Splendid Little War
                                  40:48
                                  U.S. Foreign Policy
                                  41:17
                                  Anti-Imperialist concerns
                                  41:39
                                  Filipinos Rebel Against U.S. Rule
                                  43:36
                                  Emilio Aguinaldo
                                  43:58
                                  An Insurrection Against U.S. Rule
                                  44:26
                                  Death in the Fighting
                                  44:52
                                  U.S. Policy in Puerto Rico and Cuba
                                  45:32
                                  Puerto Rico
                                  45:40
                                  The Foraker Act
                                  45:51
                                  Insular Cases
                                  46:58
                                  The Jones-Shafroth Act
                                  47:29
                                  The Platt Amendment
                                  47:56
                                  The Platt Amendment
                                  48:07
                                  Lease Naval Stations to U.S.
                                  48:36
                                  Cuban Constitution
                                  49:14
                                  Example 1
                                  50:01
                                  Example 2
                                  51:18
                                  Example 3
                                  53:21
                                  U.S. Foreign Policy Under Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft, and Woodrow Wilson

                                  47m 55s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  1:06
                                  Roosevelt's “Big Stick” Policy
                                  2:21
                                  Strong Military Action
                                  4:35
                                  Civilize or Uplift Weaker Nations
                                  5:00
                                  Anglo-American Friendship
                                  5:42
                                  Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick
                                  6:45
                                  The U.S. Builds the Panama Canal
                                  7:57
                                  Ferdinand de Lesseps
                                  8:08
                                  Panama Route
                                  9:16
                                  Declared its Independence
                                  9:25
                                  Canal Zone
                                  9:38
                                  The Panama Canal
                                  9:52
                                  Commanding Commercial and Strategic Position
                                  10:12
                                  Control Malaria
                                  10:41
                                  Combat Several Tropical Diseases
                                  11:04
                                  Panama Canal
                                  11:24
                                  Roosevelt Corollary
                                  11:47
                                  Age of Economic Imperialism
                                  12:11
                                  Police Power
                                  13:25
                                  Latin Americans' Reactions
                                  14:34
                                  Aggressive Form with Mr. Roosevelt
                                  15:27
                                  Sovereignty and Liberty of Nicaraguans
                                  15:33
                                  U.S. Pursues Interests in China
                                  16:10
                                  Spheres of Influence
                                  17:34
                                  Secretary of State John Hay
                                  18:35
                                  Spheres of Influence
                                  19:05
                                  Chinese Response to Imperialism
                                  20:24
                                  The Boxer Rebellion
                                  20:42
                                  Western Devils
                                  21:28
                                  U.S. and Japanese Troops
                                  21:55
                                  Hay Reaffirms the Open Door Policy
                                  22:26
                                  Support Chinese Students
                                  22:37
                                  A Trade Relationship
                                  22:57
                                  Scholarships for Chinese Students
                                  23:02
                                  Tensions Between U.S. and Japan Rise
                                  23:36
                                  The Spheres of Influence in China
                                  23:44
                                  A Peace Treaty
                                  24:17
                                  The Root-Takahira Agreement of 1900
                                  25:02
                                  Anti-Asian Backlash in the U.S.
                                  25:21
                                  Prejudice Against Asian-Americans
                                  26:09
                                  Gentlemen's Agreement
                                  26:58
                                  Taft's Dollar Diplomacy
                                  27:18
                                  Increase U.S. Investments in Businesses
                                  27:51
                                  The Rationale
                                  28:36
                                  Chinese Revolution
                                  29:17
                                  Woodrow Wilson Shifts the Foreign Policy
                                  29:52
                                  Anti-Imperialist William Jennings Bryan
                                  30:57
                                  Moral Diplomacy
                                  31:17
                                  Agreement with Haiti
                                  32:15
                                  Dominican Republic and Mexico
                                  32:35
                                  U.S. and Mexican Revolution
                                  32:43
                                  Caudillos and Coup d'etats
                                  33:46
                                  Counsel Mexico for its Own Good
                                  34:47
                                  Venustiano Carranza
                                  35:08
                                  U.S. “Punitive Expedition”
                                  35:50
                                  Francisco Poncho Villa and Emiliano Zapata
                                  35:58
                                  Punitive Expedition
                                  37:10
                                  Tension Were Brewing in Europe
                                  37:55
                                  Triple Alliance and Dual Alliance
                                  38:24
                                  Triple Entente
                                  38:44
                                  The Apostle of Peace
                                  39:50
                                  Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
                                  40:13
                                  International Efforts for Peace
                                  40:29
                                  Hague Peace Conference of 1899
                                  40:31
                                  Erosion of the Nation's Sovereignty
                                  40:47
                                  Cooling Off Treaties
                                  40:59
                                  Example 1
                                  41:32
                                  Example 2
                                  43:33
                                  Example 3
                                  46:03
                                  The Great War

                                  45m 12s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Causes of the Great War
                                  0:47
                                  A Brutal War Between European Nations
                                  2:32
                                  Franco-Prussian War
                                  3:02
                                  Nationalism
                                  3:28
                                  Europe Map, 1914
                                  4:40
                                  Assassination Hurtles Europe Toward WW1
                                  6:11
                                  Archduke Francis Ferdinand
                                  6:24
                                  Young Bosnia
                                  7:57
                                  Kaiser William II
                                  8:41
                                  Fighting Breaks Out
                                  8:56
                                  Ultimatum
                                  9:07
                                  Austria-Hungary Declares War
                                  9:22
                                  Pan-Slavism
                                  9:26
                                  Trench Warfare and Deadly Weapons
                                  10:28
                                  No Man's Land
                                  11:32
                                  War of Attrition
                                  11:47
                                  Western Front
                                  12:09
                                  Modern Weapons
                                  12:47
                                  Wilson Urges For Neutrality
                                  13:09
                                  U.S. Exceptionalism
                                  13:29
                                  Isolationists, Interventionists and the Internationalists
                                  15:10
                                  Key Events in 1915 and 1916
                                  15:57
                                  No Longer Attack Passenger Ships Without Warning
                                  16:17
                                  German Invasion of Neutral Belgium
                                  16:29
                                  A Slim Margin
                                  17:03
                                  Early Anti-War Sentiments
                                  17:30
                                  Domestic Divisions
                                  17:40
                                  Cancellation of Irish Home Rule
                                  17:48
                                  Robert La Follette of Wisconsin and George Norris of NE
                                  18:08
                                  Andrew Carnegie and Henry Ford
                                  18:59
                                  Pro-War Propaganda
                                  19:08
                                  Wilson Abandons Neutrality
                                  20:43
                                  Blockade Against Britain
                                  20:48
                                  Lusitania
                                  21:13
                                  Sussex
                                  22:30
                                  The National Defense Act
                                  22:48
                                  The Naval Construction Act
                                  22:52
                                  Sinking of Lusitania
                                  23:00
                                  The Zimmermann Note
                                  23:27
                                  Germans Proposed an Alliance with Mexico
                                  23:39
                                  Intercepted Telegram
                                  23:58
                                  Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
                                  24:07
                                  The Home Front
                                  24:21
                                  The Lives of Ordinary Americans
                                  24:58
                                  Conscription
                                  25:10
                                  Doughboys
                                  25:46
                                  Slackers
                                  25:53
                                  We Want You!
                                  26:03
                                  Wartime Economy
                                  27:24
                                  War Industries Board
                                  28:15
                                  Bernard Baruch
                                  28:26
                                  The Food Administration
                                  28:47
                                  The Committee on Public Information
                                  29:18
                                  George Creel Directed the CPI
                                  30:02
                                  More Propaganda Posters and Songs
                                  31:12
                                  Opposition and Hope For Minorities
                                  33:57
                                  Conscientious Objectors
                                  34:19
                                  Women's Peace Party
                                  34:39
                                  The Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
                                  34:46
                                  Segregated Regiments
                                  35:25
                                  Crackdown on Dissent
                                  37:28
                                  Espionage Act
                                  38:18
                                  The Sedition Act
                                  38:46
                                  Example 1
                                  39:39
                                  Example 2
                                  40:39
                                  Example 3
                                  42:50
                                  The End of the Great War, Its Effect, and The Interwar Period

                                  40m 27s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:08
                                  The War Changes U.S. Society
                                  1:02
                                  More Opportunities for Women
                                  2:15
                                  American Women's Hospital Service
                                  2:50
                                  The Great Migration
                                  4:07
                                  Race Riots
                                  4:19
                                  Barrios
                                  4:44
                                  Protesters Finally Reach Their Goal
                                  4:52
                                  Great Migration
                                  5:32
                                  Wilson , War and Peace
                                  6:46
                                  Entering the War
                                  6:50
                                  Convoying
                                  8:21
                                  Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
                                  9:07
                                  The End of the War
                                  9:48
                                  Eddie Rickenbacker
                                  9:55
                                  Compiegne, France
                                  10:47
                                  Casualties
                                  11:10
                                  Armistice
                                  11:23
                                  “Peace Without Victory”
                                  11:59
                                  The Morality of the Allied
                                  12:11
                                  Fourteen Points
                                  12:47
                                  League of Nations
                                  13:55
                                  Paris Peace Conference
                                  14:26
                                  Paris Peace Conference
                                  14:32
                                  A Peace Settlement that Punished Germany
                                  14:40
                                  War Guilt
                                  14:52
                                  The League of Nations as Part of the Treaty
                                  16:02
                                  Map, 1918
                                  16:37
                                  Many U.S. Citizens Reject Treaty
                                  17:45
                                  Irreconcilables
                                  17:54
                                  Reservationists
                                  18:27
                                  Article X viewed as Unconstitutional
                                  18:48
                                  The Aftermath of the War
                                  20:04
                                  Isolationism
                                  20:20
                                  Red Scare
                                  20:58
                                  A Creditor Nation
                                  22:32
                                  Schenck v. United States, 1919
                                  22:42
                                  Violation of the Espionage Act
                                  22:58
                                  Justice Wendell Holmes
                                  22:41
                                  Tools for Suppression
                                  24:04
                                  Stamping Out Radicalism
                                  24:29
                                  International Workers of the World
                                  24:39
                                  Eugene Debs
                                  24:58
                                  Emma Goldman
                                  25:16
                                  Margaret Sanger
                                  25:37
                                  Federal Bureau of Investigation
                                  26:04
                                  Red Scare
                                  26:42
                                  USSR
                                  26:47
                                  Palmer Raids
                                  27:02
                                  American Civil Liberties Union
                                  28:04
                                  ACLU: American Civil Liberties Union
                                  28:12
                                  Freedom of Speech and Expression
                                  28:21
                                  On Behalf of the American People
                                  28:42
                                  Sacco and Vanzetti
                                  29:09
                                  Trial for Murder
                                  29:36
                                  Defense Counsel
                                  29:43
                                  The Fairness of the Trial
                                  30:35
                                  Shift From Idealism to Normalcy
                                  31:41
                                  Return to Normalcy
                                  32:11
                                  Suppressed by Federal Troops
                                  32:33
                                  The Supreme Court
                                  32:42
                                  Example 1
                                  33:07
                                  Example 2
                                  35:53
                                  Example 3
                                  37:45
                                  Example 4
                                  38:49
                                  The Interwar Period

                                  47m 7s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  Conservative Presidents
                                  2:45
                                  Harding's Presidency
                                  2:50
                                  Herbert Hoover
                                  3:37
                                  Republican-Dominated FTC
                                  4:22
                                  Calvin Coolidge
                                  4:41
                                  A Strong Pro-Business Stance
                                  4:52
                                  New Tax Cut
                                  5:14
                                  Interior Albert Fall
                                  5:52
                                  Mixed Economic Development
                                  6:45
                                  Postwar Recession
                                  6:53
                                  A Consumer Culture
                                  8:25
                                  Overproduction
                                  9:08
                                  Inflation
                                  9:28
                                  Consumer Culture
                                  9:41
                                  A New Pop Culture
                                  10:23
                                  Radios
                                  10:28
                                  Duke Ellington
                                  11:00
                                  New Consumer Goods
                                  11:58
                                  New Journalism
                                  12:18
                                  Images of the 1920s
                                  12:40
                                  The Jazz Age and “Modern” Culture
                                  12:55
                                  African Americans
                                  13:03
                                  Rebel Against Their Elders
                                  13:57
                                  Popular Heroes
                                  14:22
                                  Bath Ruth
                                  14:37
                                  Charles Lindbergh
                                  15:08
                                  First Solo Non-Stop Flight
                                  15:20
                                  New Literature: Stream of Consciousness
                                  15:37
                                  Gertrude Stein
                                  15:59
                                  The Waste Land
                                  16:46
                                  Victorian Era Culture
                                  17:10
                                  Art and Architecture
                                  18:00
                                  Art Deco Style
                                  18:07
                                  Edward Hopper
                                  18:38
                                  George Gershwin
                                  18:51
                                  Automat
                                  19:43
                                  Gender Roles, Family and Education
                                  20:00
                                  Flappers
                                  21:02
                                  Influence of Sigmund Freud
                                  21:42
                                  The New Woman
                                  22:57
                                  The Women's Joint Congressional Committee
                                  23:38
                                  The League of Women Voters
                                  24:03
                                  Women in the 1920s
                                  24:32
                                  Pop Culture
                                  25:10
                                  Leisure Time in Rural and Urban Areas
                                  25:15
                                  The Jazz Singer
                                  25:33
                                  Tin Pan Alley
                                  26:20
                                  Fox Trot and Charleston
                                  26:33
                                  Harlem Renaissance
                                  26:40
                                  A Cultural Identity with African Roots
                                  26:53
                                  NYC's Harlem
                                  27:09
                                  New Negro
                                  27:30
                                  Marcus Garvey and UNIA
                                  28:25
                                  Garvey Advocated Black Separatism
                                  28:57
                                  Four Million Followers
                                  29:18
                                  Negro World
                                  29:27
                                  Mail Fraud
                                  29:50
                                  Prohibition and Crime
                                  30:13
                                  18th Amendment
                                  30:16
                                  Volstead Act
                                  30:46
                                  Lucrative Bootlegging Trade
                                  31:28
                                  The Noble Experiment
                                  31:43
                                  Drys
                                  32:06
                                  Wets
                                  32:10
                                  Bathtub Gin
                                  32:25
                                  Roaring Twenties
                                  32:58
                                  Nativism, Pluralism and Racism
                                  34:02
                                  Mass Media
                                  34:53
                                  National Origins Act
                                  35:43
                                  Birth of a Nation
                                  36:50
                                  Fundamentalism and Modernism
                                  37:40
                                  The Monkey Trial
                                  38:15
                                  The Trial of John T. Scopes
                                  38:42
                                  Example 1
                                  39:39
                                  Example 2
                                  41:58
                                  Example 3
                                  43:39
                                  Example 4
                                  45:07
                                  The Foreign Policy During the Interwar Years, The Great Depression and The First New Deal

                                  34m 4s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:09
                                  Foreign Policy in the 1920s
                                  0:48
                                  A Retreat to Isolationism
                                  1:09
                                  Expansion of New Markets
                                  1:14
                                  United Fruit Company
                                  1:47
                                  The Dawes Plan
                                  2:09
                                  Reparation Payment
                                  2:22
                                  Financial Problems on Both Sides of the Atlantic
                                  2:46
                                  1929 Stock Market Crash
                                  2:57
                                  The Pursuit of Peace
                                  3:42
                                  Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928
                                  4:22
                                  A Policy of Disarmament
                                  4:38
                                  League of Nations
                                  4:47
                                  The Causes of the Great Depression
                                  4:59
                                  Business Cycle
                                  5:36
                                  Black Thursday
                                  6:35
                                  The Agricultural Sector
                                  7:04
                                  THE GDP Fell
                                  7:22
                                  Weak Farm Economy
                                  7:42
                                  The Unequal Distribution of Wealth
                                  8:26
                                  Herbert Hoover
                                  8:52
                                  The Stock Market Crashed
                                  9:32
                                  Expand Public Works Spending
                                  9:44
                                  Reconstruction Finance Corporation
                                  9:49
                                  Hoover's Policies
                                  10:24
                                  Rugged Individualism
                                  10:35
                                  Hawley Smoot Tariff
                                  11:17
                                  The Revenue Act of 1932
                                  12:11
                                  The Scapegoat for the Depression
                                  12:25
                                  Debt Moratorium
                                  12:58
                                  Tough Times and Hoovervilles
                                  13:08
                                  Election of 1932
                                  14:02
                                  The Three Rs
                                  14:38
                                  A New Form of Liberalism
                                  14:57
                                  Social Welfare
                                  15:24
                                  Anti-Poverty Programs
                                  15:56
                                  The First Hundred Days
                                  16:19
                                  100-Day Long Special Session
                                  18:28
                                  Bank Holiday
                                  18:42
                                  Optimism of a Nation
                                  19:04
                                  Emergency Banking Act
                                  19:40
                                  Homeowners Loan Corporation
                                  19:52
                                  Glass-Steagall Act
                                  20:12
                                  Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
                                  20:20
                                  Alphabet Agencies
                                  20:32
                                  Federal Emergency Relief Administration
                                  21:06
                                  Work Relief Over Cash Subsidies
                                  21:22
                                  Inflationary
                                  21:41
                                  International Gold Standard
                                  22:15
                                  The Securities and Exchange Commission
                                  22:26
                                  The Banking Act of 1935
                                  22:38
                                  NIRA and NRA
                                  22:57
                                  National Industrial Recovery Act
                                  23:02
                                  National Recovery Administration
                                  23:08
                                  Government Approved Codes
                                  23:40
                                  Outlawed Child Labor
                                  24:00
                                  Other Programs
                                  24:21
                                  Public Works Administration
                                  24:29
                                  Civilian Conservation Corps
                                  25:33
                                  Tennessee Valley Authority
                                  25:58
                                  TVA
                                  26:25
                                  CCC
                                  26:45
                                  PWA
                                  27:11
                                  Example 1
                                  27:35
                                  Example 2
                                  29:55
                                  Example 3
                                  32:30
                                  The Second New Deal

                                  48m 10s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  New Deal Under Attack
                                  1:21
                                  Liberty League
                                  1:49
                                  Schechter v. United States
                                  3:10
                                  Unconstitutional Codes Created by NIRA
                                  3:39
                                  Father Charles Coughlin
                                  4:31
                                  Father Francis Townsend
                                  4:54
                                  Senator Huey Long
                                  5:25
                                  Share Our Wealth Society
                                  5:37
                                  Critiques From the Left
                                  6:14
                                  The New Deal
                                  6:17
                                  Nationalization of Businesses
                                  7:25
                                  United States v. Butler
                                  7:35
                                  The Second New Deal
                                  7:45
                                  Townsend's, Coughlin's and Long's Programs
                                  8:12
                                  Works Progress Administration
                                  8:30
                                  The Labor Movement
                                  9:05
                                  The Promise of the New Deal
                                  9:17
                                  New Deal Murals
                                  9:48
                                  New Deal Programs
                                  10:12
                                  The Second New Deal
                                  10:50
                                  The National Labor Relations Act
                                  10:51
                                  National Labor Relations Board
                                  11:01
                                  Social Security Act
                                  11:15
                                  Categorical Assistance Programs
                                  11:47
                                  W.P.A
                                  12:29
                                  1936 Politics
                                  14:17
                                  Solid South
                                  14:36
                                  Judicial Reorganization Bill
                                  15:32
                                  The Wagner Act and SSA
                                  16:02
                                  New Economic Policy: Deficit Spending
                                  16:40
                                  John Maynard Keynes
                                  16:51
                                  Deficit Spendings
                                  16:55
                                  Purposeful Government Intervention
                                  17:23
                                  Ended the Great Depression
                                  18:01
                                  John Maynard Keynes
                                  18:34
                                  Economist
                                  18:43
                                  The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money
                                  18:46
                                  The Rise of Unions and the CIO
                                  18:53
                                  John L. Lewis
                                  19:25
                                  The Congress of Industrial Organization
                                  19:36
                                  One Union
                                  19:48
                                  Steel Workers Organize
                                  20:15
                                  Strikes
                                  20:32
                                  Collective Bargaining
                                  20:33
                                  Resisted Union Demands
                                  20:35
                                  Effects of the New Deal
                                  21:18
                                  Expansion of the Federal Bureaucracy
                                  21:20
                                  Steel Workers Organizing Committee
                                  21:47
                                  Fair Labor Standards Act
                                  22:25
                                  Effects and Eleanor Roosevelt
                                  23:32
                                  A Recession
                                  23:57
                                  Government Policy
                                  24:05
                                  Eleanor Roosevelt
                                  24:28
                                  Eleanor Roosevelt
                                  25:56
                                  The Postwar Era
                                  26:44
                                  My Day
                                  27:14
                                  Press Conferences for Female Reporters
                                  27:22
                                  Anti-Lynching Campaigns
                                  27:34
                                  The Right to Organize
                                  28:00
                                  Images of Eleanor Roosevelt
                                  28:26
                                  Supporters of New Deal
                                  29:34
                                  Activist Executive Branch
                                  29:44
                                  The First Female Cabinet Member
                                  30:23
                                  Indian Reorganization Act
                                  31:33
                                  Mary McLeod Bethune and Amelia Earhart
                                  32:04
                                  A Member of the Advisory Committee of the NYA
                                  32:14
                                  Lady Lindy
                                  33:00
                                  New Deal Critics
                                  33:21
                                  Unemployment Rate
                                  33:37
                                  The Federal Deficit
                                  33:57
                                  A Critical View
                                  34:57
                                  Discrimination of Minorities
                                  35:09
                                  Okies
                                  35:20
                                  Cesar Chavez
                                  35:39
                                  National Farmworkers Association
                                  36:22
                                  Chinese Exclusion Act
                                  37:06
                                  The Tydings-McDuffie Act
                                  37:18
                                  The Scottsboro Case
                                  37:45
                                  The Dust Bowl
                                  38:50
                                  Severe Drought
                                  38:55
                                  The Grapes of Wrath
                                  39:44
                                  Dust Bowl Map
                                  39:55
                                  Dust Cloud
                                  40:31
                                  Farmer and Family, Dust Bowl
                                  40:44
                                  Example 1
                                  41:03
                                  Example 2
                                  42:51
                                  Example 3
                                  44:36
                                  Example 4
                                  46:29
                                  World War II

                                  55m 16s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:05
                                  Isolationist Foreign Policy of 1930s
                                  1:13
                                  The Washington Conference
                                  1:28
                                  Stimson Doctrine
                                  2:48
                                  Kellogg-Briand Pact
                                  3:39
                                  Good Neighbor Policy
                                  4:10
                                  The Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
                                  4:43
                                  The Nye Commission
                                  5:10
                                  Investigation of the Munitions Industry
                                  5:16
                                  A Senate Committee
                                  5:32
                                  Non-Interventionist Movement
                                  6:14
                                  Neutrality Act
                                  6:17
                                  Quarantine Speech
                                  6:45
                                  Aggressive Militarism and Fascism Abroad
                                  7:03
                                  Treaty of Versailles
                                  8:17
                                  Lightening War
                                  9:40
                                  Withdrew from the League of Nations
                                  10:38
                                  Rome-Berlin Axis
                                  10:55
                                  Nazi Germany
                                  11:18
                                  Aggressive Militarism and Fascism Abroad
                                  11:39
                                  Ineffectiveness of League of Nations
                                  11:56
                                  Sinking of Panay
                                  13:13
                                  Appeasement
                                  13:32
                                  Before U.S. Enter War
                                  14:49
                                  Charles Beard
                                  15:11
                                  Four Essential Freedoms
                                  16:09
                                  Lend-Lease Act
                                  17:19
                                  The Atlantic Charter
                                  17:33
                                  “Four Freedoms” by Norman Rockwell
                                  18:10
                                  Attack on Pearl Harbor
                                  18:35
                                  The Bombing of Pearl Harbor
                                  18:46
                                  A Date Which Will Live in Infamy
                                  18:53
                                  Organizing for Total War
                                  20:03
                                  War Powers Act
                                  20:10
                                  War Production Board
                                  21:40
                                  Miracle Man
                                  21:02
                                  The Office of War Information
                                  22:11
                                  Wartime Propaganda
                                  22:33
                                  We Can Do It!
                                  23:04
                                  Large Scale Propaganda
                                  23:06
                                  Rosie the Riveter
                                  23:48
                                  Depression-Era Unemployment Disappeared
                                  24:34
                                  Unionized Jobs
                                  25:00
                                  Smith-Connally Labor Act
                                  25:05
                                  National War Labor Board
                                  25:18
                                  John Lewis
                                  25:31
                                  Internal Migration
                                  25:42
                                  Civil Rights Concerns
                                  26:12
                                  Negro Labor Relations League
                                  26:37
                                  Double V Campaign
                                  27:38
                                  A. Philip Randolph
                                  28:20
                                  League of United Latin American Citizens
                                  29:17
                                  Double V and Civil Rights
                                  29:32
                                  Effects on Minorities
                                  29:57
                                  The Status of Chinese Americans
                                  30:00
                                  Japanese immigrants
                                  30:08
                                  Zoot Suit
                                  31:33
                                  Japanese Internment
                                  32:26
                                  Executive order 9066
                                  32:34
                                  Korematsu v. United States
                                  33:34
                                  Ex Parte Endo Case
                                  33:51
                                  A Public Apology
                                  34:34
                                  Map of Relocation Camps
                                  34:47
                                  Manzanar Today
                                  35:21
                                  Instructions Posters
                                  35:49
                                  Major Military Events During WWII
                                  36:09
                                  Major Defeats on U.S. Forces
                                  36:18
                                  Battle of Coral Sea
                                  36:54
                                  Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower
                                  37:37
                                  General Douglas MacArthur
                                  37:30
                                  D-Day Invasion
                                  37:57
                                  Pacific Theatre
                                  38:15
                                  European Theatre
                                  39:25
                                  European Theatre, VE Day
                                  40:39
                                  The End of War in Europe
                                  41:46
                                  Final Solution of the Jewish Question
                                  41:58
                                  A War Refuge Board
                                  43:09
                                  United Nations
                                  43:35
                                  The Holocaust
                                  43:46
                                  Mass Extermination of Jews
                                  43:56
                                  Genocide of 6 Million Jews
                                  44:12
                                  In the Pacific
                                  45:36
                                  Island Hopping
                                  46:12
                                  Navajo Troops
                                  46:29
                                  Heavy Causalities
                                  46:39
                                  The Manhattan Project
                                  47:17
                                  Example 1
                                  47:50
                                  Example 2
                                  49:18
                                  Example 3
                                  51:00
                                  Example 4
                                  52:20
                                  The End of World War II and Cold War America

                                  51m 21s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  The End of World War II
                                  1:48
                                  The Big Three Met at the Yalta Conference
                                  1:58
                                  Free and Unfettered Elections
                                  2:40
                                  Iron Curtain
                                  3:15
                                  2 Major Issues: Independence Movement in India
                                  3:49
                                  The Big Three
                                  4:48
                                  The Outcome of Yalta
                                  5:26
                                  Four Administrative Zones
                                  5:37
                                  United Nations Established That Would Have Security Council
                                  5:48
                                  Berlin Was Also Partitioned
                                  6:42
                                  Germany Divided Berlin Partitioned
                                  6:48
                                  FDR Dies and Truman as President
                                  7:14
                                  Franklin D. Roosevelt Couldn't Finish Presidency Term
                                  7:30
                                  Truman Took Over Presidency
                                  7:45
                                  Truman Chose to Use Bomb
                                  7:55
                                  Issued Warning to Surrender or Face Utter and Complete Destruction
                                  8:14
                                  Japanese Would Fight to Death Rather Than Surrender
                                  9:00
                                  Need Quick Way to End the War
                                  9:46
                                  Atomic Bomb
                                  10:12
                                  The Manhattan Project
                                  10:29
                                  Top-Secret Plan
                                  10:35
                                  J. Robert Oppenheimer
                                  10:44
                                  General Leslie Groves
                                  10:55
                                  First Atomic Bomb Successfully Tested
                                  11:05
                                  Other Factors that Influenced Truman
                                  11:17
                                  Potsdam with Stalin
                                  11:22
                                  U.S. Cryptographers
                                  12:02
                                  Why Did U.S. Decide to Flex It's Nuclear Muscle
                                  12:08
                                  The End of the War
                                  13:26
                                  U.S. Dropped Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima but No Japanese Response
                                  13:45
                                  Radiation Poisoning
                                  14:04
                                  Dropped a Second Atomic Bomb on Nagasaki
                                  14:39
                                  Emperor Hirohito Forced to Surrender
                                  14:51
                                  Peace Treaty
                                  15:10
                                  Number of Casualties
                                  15:20
                                  Postwar Devastation
                                  16:00
                                  The Cold War
                                  16:38
                                  What is the Cold War?
                                  16:56
                                  Two Countries Primarily Involved
                                  17:21
                                  Joseph Stalin
                                  17:43
                                  A Security Zone of Friendly Government
                                  17:54
                                  Yalta Conference: Sphere of Influence
                                  18:15
                                  No Move to Hold the Elections
                                  18:43
                                  Cold War in Europe
                                  19:01
                                  Potsdam Conference
                                  19:53
                                  President Harry Truman Decided U.S. Had to Take a Hard Line Against Soviet Expansion
                                  19:59
                                  Truman Took a Stance to Use Tough Methods
                                  21:14
                                  Allies Agreed to Disarm and Dismantle Germany
                                  21:57
                                  Baruch Plan
                                  22:11
                                  Baruch Plan
                                  22:27
                                  Failure of Baruch Plan
                                  22:37
                                  A Frenzied Nuclear Arms Race
                                  22:54
                                  Eastern Bloc Countries
                                  23:18
                                  Map of Eastern Bloc Areas
                                  23:19
                                  Winston Churchill
                                  23:32
                                  The Iron Curtain
                                  23:39
                                  George Kennan and Containment Policy
                                  24:24
                                  One of the First Policies: Containment Policy
                                  24:30
                                  U.S. Increasingly Perceived Soviet Expansion as a Threat
                                  24:42
                                  The Most Influential Proponent
                                  24:54
                                  Communist Guerrillas
                                  25:00
                                  Truman Doctrine
                                  25:30
                                  Large Scale Military and Economic Assistance
                                  25:40
                                  Domino Theory
                                  26:05
                                  Marshall Plan and Containment
                                  26:34
                                  Containment
                                  26:44
                                  Plan to Help Rebuild War-Torn Europe
                                  26:55
                                  Discontentment Encouraged the Communist
                                  27:09
                                  George Marshall and Economic Aid
                                  27:17
                                  Eastern Euros Refused Aid
                                  27:43
                                  Opposition in U.S. Congress
                                  27:50
                                  Motives of Marshall Plan
                                  28:21
                                  map of Czechoslovakia 1918-1992
                                  28:29
                                  Foreign Policy in Mid East
                                  29:16
                                  Zionist Leaders
                                  29:21
                                  Truman Recognized the State
                                  29:51
                                  Gamal Abdel Nasser Nationalizes the Suez
                                  30:04
                                  Arab Nationalism
                                  30:30
                                  Britain, France, Israel Attack Egypt
                                  30:41
                                  Berlin Airlift in 1948
                                  30:52
                                  Attempt to Push Out Allies
                                  31:30
                                  A Program of Economic Reform in West Berlin
                                  31:42
                                  A Symbol of Resistance to Communism
                                  31:52
                                  Containment in Asia
                                  32:45
                                  Civil War in China
                                  32:51
                                  Truman Attempted to Provide Funds
                                  33:14
                                  The People's Republic of China
                                  33:35
                                  Red China
                                  33:56
                                  Fall of China
                                  34:08
                                  Diplomatic Nonentity
                                  34:37
                                  The Korean War
                                  34:55
                                  Korean War, 1950-1953
                                  35:46
                                  The Map
                                  35:47
                                  Republican Challenge of Truman's Conduct of the War
                                  37:26
                                  Truman Fired MacArthur
                                  37:45
                                  An Armistice Was Signed and Korea was Divided
                                  37:56
                                  NATO and Warsaw Pact
                                  38:20
                                  Truman Era
                                  38:29
                                  Government and Consumer Spending
                                  38:42
                                  Civilian Production
                                  38:54
                                  The Office of Price Administration
                                  39:02
                                  Example: Strikes Closed Down Business in Numerous Cities
                                  39:29
                                  Backlash Against Unionism: Truman Ended a Strike by the United Mine Workers
                                  39:39
                                  Taft-Hartley Act
                                  40:03
                                  Taft-Hartley Act
                                  40:08
                                  Vetoed the Bill
                                  40:25
                                  The Secondary Boycott and Union Shop
                                  40:35
                                  Democrats Split
                                  40:46
                                  Henry Wallace
                                  40:55
                                  Strom Thurmond
                                  41:00
                                  Election of 1948
                                  41:09
                                  Domestic Issues During the Truman Era
                                  41:34
                                  The Fair Deal
                                  42:01
                                  New Deal's Liberalism
                                  42:11
                                  Possibility of a Higher standard of Living and Benefits for Americans
                                  42:46
                                  Liberal Consensus
                                  43:09
                                  The National Housing Act of 1949
                                  43:55
                                  What Was Blocked
                                  43:58
                                  Executive Order 9981 Ends Segregation in Military in July of 1948
                                  44:14
                                  Example 1
                                  44:35
                                  Example 2
                                  47:15
                                  Example 3
                                  48:50
                                  Section 8: Period 8: 1945-1980
                                  The Red Scare and The Eisenhower Years

                                  49m 4s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  The Second Red Scare
                                  1:31
                                  The House of Un-American Activities Committee
                                  2:35
                                  The Movie Industry
                                  3:24
                                  Senator Joseph McCarthy
                                  5:01
                                  Alger Hiss and HUAC
                                  5:51
                                  Alger Hiss
                                  5:52
                                  Whittaker Chambers
                                  6:04
                                  Richard Nixon
                                  6:33
                                  Anti-Communist Hysteria
                                  6:51
                                  Anti-Communist Hysteria and McCarthyism
                                  7:24
                                  Resigned under Pressure
                                  8:29
                                  McCarran Internal Security Act
                                  9:17
                                  Investigate Subversion in the U.S. Army
                                  10:22
                                  Anti-Communism
                                  11:03
                                  The Red Scare
                                  12:33
                                  Protest of HUAC and “Red Channels”
                                  13:24
                                  Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
                                  13:49
                                  Julius
                                  14:09
                                  Electrocution
                                  14:17
                                  Dwight D. Eisenhower
                                  14:55
                                  Modern Republicanism
                                  15:42
                                  National Aeronautics and Space Administration
                                  17:29
                                  The New Look Army
                                  18:59
                                  Social Security
                                  19:32
                                  Termination
                                  19:47
                                  The Highway Act of 1956
                                  20:14
                                  A Broad Liberal Consensus
                                  20:47
                                  Promoted Tourism
                                  21:23
                                  Nuclear Missiles
                                  21:31
                                  The Space Race
                                  22:23
                                  The New Look in Foreign Policy
                                  23:35
                                  A Massive Nuclear Arsenal
                                  23:50
                                  U-2 Spy Plane
                                  25:03
                                  Hungarian Revolt
                                  25:45
                                  Containment the Third World
                                  25:59
                                  SEATO
                                  26:19
                                  A Coup of Arbenz
                                  27:38
                                  Proxy Wars
                                  28:15
                                  Domino Theory
                                  28:48
                                  Decolonization of the Third World
                                  28:52
                                  Containment in the Post-Colonial World
                                  30:06
                                  The Containment Policy
                                  30:17
                                  Failed to Recognize Indigenous or Nationalist Movements
                                  30:31
                                  Dictatorships or Repressive Right-Wing Regimes
                                  31:41
                                  U.S. Global Defense Treaties in Cold War
                                  32:23
                                  SEATO and The Role of the CIA
                                  33:07
                                  South Asia Treaty Organization
                                  33:20
                                  Central Intelligence Agency
                                  33:20
                                  Lebanon
                                  33:59
                                  Containment Policy
                                  34:10
                                  Overthrow Iran's Premier
                                  34:28
                                  Guatemala
                                  34:31
                                  Geneva Accords
                                  34:44
                                  Domino Theory
                                  35:07
                                  Military Industrial Complex
                                  35:30
                                  Eisenhower's Farewell Address
                                  35:46
                                  Military Industrial Complex
                                  35:46
                                  Military Industrial Map
                                  36:51
                                  Spending Graph
                                  37:31
                                  Example 1
                                  37:59
                                  Example 2
                                  40:44
                                  Example 3
                                  43:25
                                  Example 4
                                  46:00
                                  Postwar Prosperity and The 'Other' America

                                  51m 55s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:09
                                  Economic Realities
                                  2:08
                                  Huge Economic Growth
                                  2:15
                                  Postwar Boom
                                  2:53
                                  Defense Spending and Domestic Programs
                                  3:10
                                  Acceptance of Collective Bargaining
                                  3:23
                                  Rise in Gross Domestic Product
                                  3:52
                                  The Affluent Society
                                  4:01
                                  Or the “Other” America
                                  5:14
                                  U.S. Affluence
                                  5:22
                                  John Kenneth Galbraith
                                  5:37
                                  The Other America
                                  6:16
                                  Michael Harrington
                                  6:51
                                  Bretton Woods System
                                  7:06
                                  Third World Countries
                                  7:19
                                  The World Bank
                                  8:08
                                  The International Monetary Fund
                                  9:10
                                  Strongest Currency
                                  9:45
                                  General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
                                  10:00
                                  Fixed Exchange Rates
                                  10:17
                                  Economic Trends in the 1950s
                                  10:54
                                  Consolidation of Corporations Continued
                                  10:59
                                  Rise in Consumerism
                                  11:43
                                  General Electric
                                  12:24
                                  Suburban Living
                                  14:01
                                  Levittowns
                                  14:14
                                  Henry J. Kaiser
                                  15:09
                                  The Federal Housing Administration
                                  15:18
                                  Veterans Administration
                                  15:22
                                  Levittowns and Tract Housing
                                  16:13
                                  Negative Effects of Suburbanization
                                  16:34
                                  The Downside of Suburbanization
                                  16:52
                                  Restrictive Covenants
                                  18:03
                                  Shelley v. Kramer
                                  18:34
                                  Changing Demographics
                                  18:52
                                  Baby Boom! “Gotta Make Up for Lost Time”
                                  19:33
                                  Highway Expansion
                                  20:27
                                  National Interstate and Defense Highways Act
                                  20:33
                                  Mass Transit Systems
                                  20:39
                                  City “Life Belts” and Car Culture
                                  21:23
                                  The Emerging Civil Rights Movement
                                  21:53
                                  Civil Rights Challenges
                                  23:36
                                  The NAACP
                                  23:47
                                  Thurgood Marshall
                                  24:06
                                  Linda Brown
                                  24:23
                                  Brown v. Board of Education, 1954
                                  25:54
                                  Plessy case
                                  25:20
                                  Racial Segregation in Schools and other Public Facilities
                                  26:24
                                  Violates the 14th Amendment
                                  26:36
                                  “Massive Resistance” Against the Case
                                  27:33
                                  A Southern Manifesto
                                  28:08
                                  KKK
                                  28:41
                                  Governor Orval Faubus of AR
                                  28:47
                                  Southern Universities
                                  29:18
                                  Segregationists and the Little Rock Nine
                                  29:35
                                  Nonviolent Protest and Civil Disobedience
                                  30:31
                                  Rosa Parks
                                  30:38
                                  A Local Segregation Ordinance
                                  30:53
                                  A Boycott of Montgomery's Bus System
                                  31:16
                                  Social Critics: The Beats
                                  32:40
                                  Rejected Conventional Society
                                  33:10
                                  Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg
                                  33:40
                                  The Springboard for the Counterculture Movement
                                  33:49
                                  Be-Bop Jazz
                                  34:03
                                  Improvisational
                                  34:14
                                  Bebop Musicians
                                  35:06
                                  Other Culture Dissenters
                                  35:19
                                  Alienation from Mainstream Society
                                  35:22
                                  Abstract Expressionism
                                  35:30
                                  Jackson Pollock
                                  35:41
                                  Pop Art
                                  35:53
                                  Aspects of Mass Media
                                  36:05
                                  Mundane Cultural Objects
                                  36:10
                                  Andy Warhol
                                  36:14
                                  TV Culture and Rock and Roll
                                  36:33
                                  Television Sets
                                  36:39
                                  Rock and Roll
                                  37:09
                                  1950s: Conformity or Rebellion?
                                  38:53
                                  Women's Issues in the 1950s
                                  40:14
                                  Feminine Mystique
                                  40:41
                                  Motherhood
                                  41:16
                                  Glass Ceiling
                                  42:04
                                  The Feminine Mystique
                                  42:24
                                  Other Policies and Demographic Changes
                                  43:05
                                  Operation Wetback
                                  43:09
                                  Puerto Ricans
                                  43:36
                                  Second Migration
                                  44:04
                                  Immigration and Nationality Act
                                  44:28
                                  The Second Migration, 1940-1970
                                  44:52
                                  Other Demographic Changes
                                  45:15
                                  Inner Cities Declined
                                  45:25
                                  Suburban Affluence and the “Other America”
                                  45:30
                                  Example 1
                                  45:49
                                  Example 2
                                  46:42
                                  Example 3
                                  48:07
                                  Example 4
                                  50:33
                                  1960s, The Kennedy Years and The Liberal Consensus

                                  55m 17s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  John F. Kennedy
                                  1:17
                                  The New Frontier Program
                                  1:51
                                  TV Debates
                                  3:13
                                  First Catholic President
                                  4:15
                                  Liberal Initiatives
                                  4:55
                                  Bay of Pigs
                                  5:19
                                  Funding for NASA
                                  6:19
                                  Alan Shepard
                                  6:49
                                  John Glenn
                                  6:56
                                  The Bay of Pigs Incident
                                  7:02
                                  U.S.-Cuban Relations
                                  7:39
                                  Castro Nationalized U.S. Owned Banks
                                  7:46
                                  CIA
                                  8:26
                                  Surrendered Within 24 Hours of Fighting
                                  9:24
                                  Cold War and Bay of Pigs
                                  9:43
                                  JFK: Cold Warrior
                                  10:06
                                  Turned to the USSR
                                  10:10
                                  The Berlin Wall
                                  10:29
                                  Cuban Missile Crisis
                                  11:05
                                  Nuclear Warfare
                                  11:41
                                  Flexible Response
                                  12:34
                                  The Civil Rights Movements Stirs
                                  13:58
                                  Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
                                  14:17
                                  CORE
                                  16:19
                                  Attorney General Robert Kennedy
                                  16:45
                                  Bull Connors
                                  17:12
                                  Freedom Rides Map
                                  17:41
                                  Notorious Police Brutality Under “Bull Connors”
                                  18:36
                                  Civil Rights Movement
                                  19:13
                                  Kennedy's Response
                                  20:08
                                  Promise Civil Rights Legislation Banning Discrimination in Public
                                  20:09
                                  Second Emancipation Proclamation
                                  20:32
                                  MLK Jr.'s Response
                                  21:49
                                  A Massive Civil Rights
                                  21:56
                                  I Have a Dream
                                  22:08
                                  Civil Rights in the 1960s
                                  22:50
                                  More Radical
                                  22:57
                                  Southern Senators
                                  23:16
                                  Birmingham
                                  23:27
                                  Black Nationalism
                                  23:43
                                  Black Separatism
                                  24:32
                                  Uncle Tom
                                  25:16
                                  Black Muslims
                                  26:44
                                  Malcolm X
                                  27:43
                                  Nation Justice
                                  28:43
                                  Hajj
                                  29:22
                                  Pan-African Unity
                                  29:44
                                  Black Power
                                  30:42
                                  Stokely Carmichael
                                  31:12
                                  Honorary Prime Minister
                                  32:26
                                  Pan-Africanist
                                  32:33
                                  Black Panthers
                                  33:03
                                  Cesar Chaves, Farm Workers and Chicanos
                                  34:04
                                  Chavez and Dolores Huerta
                                  34:25
                                  United Farm Workers
                                  34:48
                                  La Causa
                                  35:58
                                  Chavez, Huerta and UFW
                                  36:26
                                  MAPA, Chicano Movement, Brown Berets
                                  37:19
                                  Mexican American Political Association
                                  37:30
                                  Brown Berets
                                  38:00
                                  Chicano
                                  38:14
                                  Bilingual Education
                                  38:45
                                  American Indian Movement (AIM)
                                  39:46
                                  Red Power
                                  39:51
                                  A Siege at Wounded Knee
                                  40:40
                                  We Shall Remain
                                  41:20
                                  Peace Corps
                                  41:30
                                  Third World Countries
                                  41:47
                                  Agency for International Development and the Alliance of Progress
                                  42:06
                                  The Liberal Warren Court
                                  43:14
                                  Mapp v. Ohio
                                  43:55
                                  Gideon v. Wainwright
                                  44:03
                                  Escobedo v. Illinois
                                  44:12
                                  Miranda v. Arizona
                                  44:22
                                  Engel v. Vitale
                                  45:04
                                  Griswold v. Connecticut
                                  45:29
                                  Baker v. Carr
                                  45:53
                                  One Man, One Vote
                                  46:08
                                  Beginning of Vietnam War
                                  46:22
                                  Green Berets
                                  47:10
                                  A Military Coup
                                  47:20
                                  Assassination of John F. Kennedy
                                  48:07
                                  Lee Harvey Oswald
                                  48:17
                                  Lyndon B. Johnson
                                  49:33
                                  Example 1
                                  49:54
                                  Example 2
                                  51:47
                                  Example 3
                                  53:37
                                  Lyndon B. Johnson, Civil Rights, and The Vietnam War

                                  52m 54s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:09
                                  Lyndon B. Johnson
                                  1:55
                                  A Huge Expansions of Social Welfare Programs
                                  2:41
                                  The Civil Rights Act
                                  3:39
                                  Title VII
                                  4:01
                                  1964 Election
                                  4:58
                                  Lyndon B. Johnson
                                  5:52
                                  The Civil Rights Act
                                  6:10
                                  Expansion of Civil Rights Movement
                                  6:26
                                  A Voting Rights Act
                                  6:28
                                  Freedom Summer
                                  6:44
                                  15 Civil Rights Workers
                                  7:25
                                  From Selma to Montgomery
                                  7:32
                                  Freedom Summer
                                  7:49
                                  March in Selma
                                  9:10
                                  Bloody Sunday
                                  9:17
                                  The Voting Rights Act
                                  10:53
                                  The 24th Amendment's Outlawing of the Federal Poll tax
                                  11:35
                                  Voter Registration in the South
                                  12:00
                                  Watts Riots: “Burn Baby, Burn”
                                  12:40
                                  Voting Rights Act
                                  12:43
                                  Arrested a Young Black Motorist
                                  13:34
                                  Legislation During LBJ Years
                                  15:03
                                  War on Poverty
                                  15:45
                                  Long-Established Social Insurance Programs
                                  16:24
                                  The Office of Economic Opportunity Act of 1964
                                  16:57
                                  The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965
                                  17:46
                                  Influential Books of the 1960s
                                  18:19
                                  War on Poverty
                                  20:02
                                  Legislation During LBJ Years
                                  20:43
                                  Medicare for the Elderly and Medicaid for the Poor
                                  20:47
                                  National Endowment for the Arts
                                  20:57
                                  The Highway Beautification Act
                                  21:15
                                  Wartime Inflation
                                  22:10
                                  10% Surcharge on Income Taxes
                                  22:18
                                  LBJ Escalates the Vietnam War
                                  23:18
                                  A Quagmire
                                  23:55
                                  The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
                                  24:40
                                  The Americanization of the War
                                  25:00
                                  Operation Rolling Thunder
                                  25:24
                                  US Soldiers in Vietnam
                                  26:06
                                  War of Attrition
                                  26:44
                                  U.S. Military Personnel in S. Vietnam
                                  26:57
                                  The Anti-War Movement
                                  27:16
                                  Public Opinion Turn Against the War
                                  27:22
                                  The Impact of the Television
                                  27:27
                                  Credibility Gap
                                  28:11
                                  Television War and Image of Vietnam War
                                  28:50
                                  The New Left Movement
                                  29:14
                                  Implement a Broad Range of Reforms
                                  29:22
                                  Students for a Democratic Society
                                  29:42
                                  Michigan
                                  30:05
                                  Port Huron Statement
                                  30:11
                                  Students for a Democratic Society
                                  30:21
                                  Tom Hayden
                                  30:25
                                  The Port Huron Statement
                                  30:27
                                  Free Speech Movement
                                  30:56
                                  The Selective Service System
                                  31:37
                                  Closed Down Induction Centers
                                  31:55
                                  Stop the Draft Week
                                  33:03
                                  The Siege on the Pentagon
                                  33:05
                                  National Organization of Women
                                  33:21
                                  Betty Friedan
                                  33:51
                                  Women's Rights and Equality
                                  33:57
                                  The Counterculture
                                  34:15
                                  Hippies
                                  35:07
                                  Pete Seeger and Bob Dylan
                                  35:41
                                  Acid Rock
                                  36:29
                                  Woodstock
                                  37:06
                                  Images of Woodstock
                                  37:15
                                  1968: A Watershed Year
                                  37:55
                                  Tet Offensive
                                  38:34
                                  My Lai Massacre
                                  39:08
                                  Antiwar Platform
                                  39:46
                                  Tet Offensive
                                  40:03
                                  1968
                                  40:20
                                  MLK was Assassinated
                                  40:23
                                  Robert F. Kennedy
                                  41:14
                                  RFK Assassination
                                  41:31
                                  Democratic Convention in Chicago
                                  41:45
                                  Democratic Convention 1968
                                  42:02
                                  Backlash: Conservatism
                                  42:26
                                  Protest and Dissent
                                  42:34
                                  George Wallace
                                  42:56
                                  Silent Majority
                                  42:39
                                  Richard Nixon Elected
                                  43:39
                                  Example 1
                                  44:23
                                  Example 2
                                  46:55
                                  Example 3
                                  49:53
                                  The Rise and Fall of Richard Nixon and The End of the Vietnam War

                                  35m 50s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  Richard Nixon
                                  1:32
                                  Office of Price Administration in Washington
                                  1:50
                                  Republican Representative
                                  1:58
                                  Alger Hiss Case
                                  2:26
                                  Winding Down the Vietnam War
                                  2:33
                                  No-Win Situation
                                  3:26
                                  Cambodia
                                  3:42
                                  Withdrawing from the War
                                  4:24
                                  Vietnam War vets
                                  4:48
                                  Violence at Kent State University
                                  6:00
                                  Ohio
                                  6:16
                                  National Guard
                                  6:28
                                  Images of Kent State
                                  6:57
                                  Nixon's Trip to China and the Cold War
                                  7:16
                                  A Bold Move
                                  7:31
                                  A Policy of Diplomacy
                                  7:53
                                  Ping-pong Diplomacy
                                  8:25
                                  Detente
                                  8:55
                                  Vietnamization
                                  9:15
                                  Detente
                                  9:50
                                  Henry Kissinger
                                  10:15
                                  National Security Advisor
                                  10:22
                                  Realpolitik
                                  10:25
                                  Nixon and Brezhnev
                                  10:57
                                  Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
                                  11:08
                                  Antiballistic Missiles
                                  11:19
                                  ICBMS or SLBMS
                                  11:24
                                  The Silent Majority Speaks Out
                                  11:49
                                  Brown v. Board of Education
                                  12:48
                                  Miller v. California
                                  14:00
                                  Milliken v. Bradley
                                  14:36
                                  1972 Election
                                  15:02
                                  Disarray
                                  15:14
                                  George McGovern
                                  15:35
                                  Southern Strategy
                                  16:10
                                  George Wallace
                                  16:52
                                  Nixon and Civil Rights
                                  17:12
                                  Dixicrats
                                  17:24
                                  Warren Burger
                                  17:57
                                  Harry Blackmun
                                  18:24
                                  Domestic Policies
                                  18:38
                                  Inflation Problems and Economic Problems
                                  18:49
                                  Revenue Sharing
                                  19:14
                                  More Control of Where Federal Funding Allocated
                                  19:16
                                  Regulatory Laws Passed
                                  19:26
                                  Clean Air Act
                                  20:30
                                  Occupational Health and Safety Act
                                  20:33
                                  Water Pollution Control Act
                                  20:41
                                  Endangered Species Act
                                  20:50
                                  The Fall of Richard Nixon
                                  21:16
                                  Enemies
                                  21:57
                                  Imperial Presidency
                                  22:32
                                  Pentagon Papers
                                  23:06
                                  National Security
                                  23:45
                                  Theft, Conspiracy and Espionage
                                  25:06
                                  Nixon and the Plumbers
                                  25:11
                                  A Secret Special Unit
                                  26:18
                                  Illegal Campaigns
                                  25:31
                                  The Democratic National Committee Offices
                                  25:52
                                  Cover-up
                                  26:04
                                  The Tapes and the Cover-up
                                  26:23
                                  Illegal Deeds
                                  26:56
                                  Impeachment Hearings
                                  27:09
                                  First President to Resign
                                  27:23
                                  War Power Act
                                  27:37
                                  Reined in the Powers of President
                                  27:50
                                  Congressional Approval
                                  28:00
                                  Example 1
                                  28:45
                                  Example 2
                                  29:56
                                  Example 3
                                  33:01
                                  1970s, Ford and Carter

                                  44m 35s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Gerald Ford: President After Nixon Resigns
                                  1:19
                                  Stagflation
                                  2:02
                                  Whip Inflation Now
                                  2:06
                                  Highlights of Ford Presidency
                                  2:20
                                  Oil Embargo After Yom Kippur War
                                  2:47
                                  Politicized OPEC
                                  3:04
                                  Yom Kippur War
                                  3:19
                                  Declared Oil Embargo on U.S.
                                  3:34
                                  OPEC Oil Embargo
                                  3:50
                                  400% Increase in Oil Prices
                                  4:08
                                  Oil Price Shock
                                  4:14
                                  Long Lines at Gas Stations
                                  4:38
                                  Economic Decline
                                  4:59
                                  Japanese Cars
                                  5:08
                                  Speed Limit
                                  5:36
                                  Stagflation
                                  6:00
                                  Ford's Foreign Policy
                                  6:22
                                  Helsinki Accords
                                  6:28
                                  Limit Arms
                                  6:40
                                  Accused of Engineering the Assassination of Foreign Leaders
                                  6:53
                                  George Bush
                                  7:02
                                  Jimmy Carter, 1976-1980
                                  7:28
                                  Granted Amnesty
                                  8:43
                                  Domestic Challenges
                                  9:00
                                  Crisis in Confidence
                                  9:40
                                  Images of Jimmy Carter
                                  10:33
                                  Gas Shortages and Energy Crisis
                                  11:14
                                  Gas Prices Soared
                                  11:19
                                  Raise Taxes on Crude Oil
                                  11:55
                                  People's Lack of Faith in Government
                                  12:06
                                  Energy Consumption
                                  12:15
                                  Taking On Inflation
                                  12:40
                                  Paul Volcker
                                  12:47
                                  An End to Inflation
                                  12:52
                                  Three Mile Island
                                  13:01
                                  Nuclear Power Spill
                                  13:05
                                  No New Nuclear Plants
                                  14:09
                                  20% of all U.S. Power
                                  14:13
                                  Goldsboro, PA
                                  14:28
                                  Nervous Humor
                                  14:38
                                  Carter's Foreign Policy
                                  15:25
                                  Realism
                                  15:30
                                  Repressive Regimes
                                  15:36
                                  Panama Canal
                                  16:50
                                  Peace Talks between Sadat and Begin
                                  17:25
                                  The Women's Movement in the 1970s
                                  20:17
                                  Equal Rights Amendment
                                  20:27
                                  Ratification
                                  20:54
                                  A Reactionary Conservative Movement
                                  21:04
                                  States That Ratified ERA
                                  21:15
                                  Pro and Anti-ERA Marchers
                                  22:39
                                  Other Feminist Activities
                                  23:30
                                  Ms. Magazine
                                  24:19
                                  Gay Rights Movement
                                  25:32
                                  Stonewall Incident
                                  25:52
                                  Harvey Milk
                                  26:07
                                  Dan White
                                  27:03
                                  Rust Belt to Sun Belt
                                  27:12
                                  Demographic Changes Affect Politics
                                  28:26
                                  Latin America and Asia
                                  28:38
                                  1965 Immigration Law
                                  28:45
                                  The “Me Generation”
                                  29:06
                                  Self-Absorption
                                  29:13
                                  Huge Health Trend
                                  29:16
                                  Pop Culture
                                  29:42
                                  Televangelists and the New Right
                                  30:22
                                  Religious Right
                                  30:42
                                  A Constitutional Ban
                                  30:45
                                  Mandatory Death Penalty
                                  31:05
                                  The Bakke Case
                                  32:03
                                  University of California v. Bakke
                                  32:28
                                  Reverse Discrimination
                                  33:23
                                  Iran Hostage Crisis
                                  34:02
                                  The Iranian Revolution
                                  34:26
                                  Ayatollah Khomeini
                                  34:35
                                  66 U.S. Hostages
                                  35:02
                                  Economic Embargo and a Military Mission
                                  35:14
                                  Reagan's Inauguration
                                  35:26
                                  Images of Iran Hostage Crisis
                                  36:24
                                  Example 1
                                  36:53
                                  Example 2
                                  40:07
                                  Example 3
                                  42:04
                                  The Conservative Resurgence and The 1980s

                                  46m 5s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:07
                                  Free-Market Economics and Religious Conservatism
                                  1:13
                                  Anticommunism, Free-Market Economics and Religious Moralism
                                  2:25
                                  Regulatory Bureaucracy
                                  5:02
                                  PATCO Strikers
                                  5:55
                                  Supply-Side Economics
                                  6:34
                                  Reaganomics
                                  6:48
                                  Reducing Taxes and More Spending
                                  7:00
                                  Economic Recovery Act
                                  7:26
                                  Lowered Taxes
                                  7:30
                                  Images of Supply-Side Economics
                                  8:20
                                  Trickle Down Economics
                                  9:57
                                  Reaganomics
                                  10:32
                                  Reduced Income Tax Rates
                                  10:50
                                  Drop of the Highest Marginal Tax Rate
                                  11:04
                                  The Federal Deficit Increased
                                  12:07
                                  The Annual Federal Budget Deficit (or Surplus), 1940-2005
                                  12:33
                                  Presidential Landscaping
                                  13:11
                                  Budget Deficit
                                  13:17
                                  National Debt
                                  13:35
                                  The Savings and Loan
                                  13:54
                                  Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI)
                                  14:49
                                  Relations with the USSR Improve
                                  16:33
                                  Perestroika
                                  17:28
                                  Glasnost
                                  17:58
                                  Mr. Gorbachev, Tear Down This Wall
                                  18:23
                                  The Wall Comes Down in 1989
                                  18:57
                                  Reagan Aids Anticommunists and Israelis
                                  20:36
                                  A Right-Wing Government in El Salvador
                                  21:14
                                  Setbacks in the Middle East
                                  22:40
                                  Involvement in Latin America and Caribbean
                                  23:11
                                  Iran-Contra Affair and Scandal
                                  23:38
                                  Banned Sending Funds to the Contras
                                  24:25
                                  Oliver North
                                  24:46
                                  Iran-Contra
                                  25:08
                                  Foreign Policy After the Cold War
                                  26:26
                                  New World Order
                                  26:32
                                  War on Drugs
                                  27:09
                                  Disintegration of Yugoslavia
                                  27:30
                                  Social Issues
                                  28:01
                                  Sandra Day O'Connor
                                  28:35
                                  William Rehnquist
                                  28:59
                                  Roe v. Wade
                                  29:14
                                  Economic Changes
                                  29:46
                                  Service Oriented
                                  30:12
                                  Trade Imbalance
                                  30:18
                                  Widened Gap Between Rich and Poor
                                  30:36
                                  Apple Computers and Microsoft
                                  31:28
                                  The Income of Two-Wage Families Graph
                                  31:43
                                  Other Themes in the 1980s
                                  33:15
                                  Materialistic Values
                                  33:28
                                  AIDS Epidemic
                                  33:53
                                  Just Say No
                                  36:28
                                  Challenger Explodes
                                  36:50
                                  1987 March On Washington for Gay and Lesbian Rights
                                  37:15
                                  Example 1
                                  37:53
                                  Example 2
                                  40:57
                                  Example 3
                                  43:41
                                  Section 9: Period 9: 1980-present
                                  The End of the Cold War and a Global Society

                                  1h 6m 56s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:06
                                  Election of 1988
                                  1:40
                                  George H.W. Bush
                                  1:44
                                  Jesse Jackson
                                  2:00
                                  New World Order
                                  2:52
                                  Uprisings in China and Eastern Europe
                                  3:16
                                  Beijing's Tiananmen Square
                                  3:43
                                  Anticommunist Movement in 1989
                                  4:38
                                  Solidarity Movement
                                  4:50
                                  Velvet Revolution in Czechoslovakia
                                  5:07
                                  1989
                                  5:40
                                  Breakup of the USSR
                                  6:35
                                  Commonwealth of Independent States
                                  6:43
                                  Boris Yeltsin
                                  7:13
                                  Yugoslavia Disintegrated
                                  7:49
                                  CIS
                                  8:02
                                  Other Foreign Policy Issues
                                  9:16
                                  Invasion of Panama
                                  9:38
                                  Persian Gulf War
                                  10:11
                                  Operation Desert Storm
                                  10:13
                                  Vietnam Syndrome
                                  12:22
                                  Domestic Issues Under Bush
                                  12:49
                                  Budget Deficits
                                  13:52
                                  No New taxes
                                  14:10
                                  A Kinder Gentler America
                                  14:35
                                  The Changing Economy
                                  15:12
                                  Globalization
                                  16:37
                                  Multinational Corporations
                                  17:46
                                  North American Free Trade Agreement
                                  19:25
                                  The Rise of the European Union
                                  20:15
                                  European Union
                                  20:58
                                  Nike Factory in China
                                  21:51
                                  Productivity, Family Income, and Wages 1973-2004
                                  22:37
                                  Imports and Exports
                                  24:00
                                  Bill Clinton
                                  24:45
                                  The Election of 1992
                                  24:50
                                  National Health Care
                                  26:05
                                  Avoiding Expensive Social-Welfare Proposals
                                  27:38
                                  Aid to Families with Dependent Children
                                  27:53
                                  New Democrat
                                  28:05
                                  Clinton's Second Term
                                  28:17
                                  Foreign Policy Challenges
                                  29:52
                                  NATO Intervened
                                  30:01
                                  Air Strikes Against Al Qaeda
                                  30:39
                                  Technological Revolutions
                                  31:12
                                  Digitization
                                  31:26
                                  World Wide Web
                                  32:11
                                  Internet
                                  32:32
                                  Percentage of Americans Using Internet
                                  33:06
                                  The Annual Federal Budget Deficit (or Surplus), 1940-2005
                                  33:20
                                  Election of 2000
                                  34:32
                                  Vice President Al Gore
                                  34:43
                                  Florida
                                  35:04
                                  George W. Bush's Presidency
                                  36:00
                                  Economic Growth and Tax Relief Act of 2001
                                  36:13
                                  Federal Expenditures
                                  36:48
                                  War on Terror
                                  38:19
                                  9/11
                                  38:50
                                  Bush
                                  39:30
                                  USA Patriot Act
                                  40:32
                                  An Axis of Evil
                                  42:01
                                  Iraq
                                  43:22
                                  John Kerry
                                  44:19
                                  New Orleans
                                  45:09
                                  Economic Issues and 2008 Election
                                  46:30
                                  Significant Decline
                                  46:48
                                  Emergency Economic Stabilization Act
                                  48:35
                                  Barack Obama Wins in 2008
                                  49:17
                                  Remaking America
                                  51:07
                                  Economic Stimulus Package
                                  51:39
                                  Regulate Wall Street
                                  52:02
                                  American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
                                  52:18
                                  Don’t Ask. Don’t Tell Policy
                                  54:42
                                  Elena Kagan
                                  55:17
                                  New Immigrants
                                  55:31
                                  Example 1
                                  57:27
                                  Example 2
                                  1:00:08
                                  Example 3
                                  1:04:35
                                  Section 10: AP Practice Exam
                                  AP Practice Exam, Section I: Multiple Choice and Short Answer

                                  38m 33s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview of Exam
                                  0:12
                                  Multiple-Choice Section
                                  1:57
                                  What does It Include?
                                  2:10
                                  Background Information
                                  2:43
                                  Highlight
                                  3:20
                                  Completely Read the Question
                                  4:33
                                  Short-Answer Section
                                  4:49
                                  Four Questions
                                  4:54
                                  Complete Sentences
                                  4:58
                                  Thematic Learning Objectives
                                  6:20
                                  Sample AP U.S. History Test Answers
                                  7:05
                                  Multiple Choice Question 1
                                  9:07
                                  Multiple Choice Question 2
                                  9:35
                                  Multiple Choice Question 3
                                  10:05
                                  Multiple Choice Question 4
                                  10:27
                                  Multiple Choice Question 5
                                  10:56
                                  Multiple Choice Question 6
                                  11:18
                                  Multiple Choice Question 7
                                  11:48
                                  Multiple Choice Question 8
                                  12:16
                                  Multiple Choice Question 9
                                  12:42
                                  Multiple Choice Question 10
                                  13:08
                                  Multiple Choice Question 11
                                  13:40
                                  Multiple Choice Question 12
                                  14:03
                                  Multiple Choice Question 13
                                  14:30
                                  Multiple Choice Question 14
                                  14:59
                                  Multiple Choice Question 15
                                  15:24
                                  Multiple Choice Question 16
                                  15:49
                                  Multiple Choice Question 17
                                  16:23
                                  Multiple Choice Question 18
                                  16:47
                                  Multiple Choice Question 19
                                  17:09
                                  Multiple Choice Question 20
                                  17:41
                                  Multiple Choice Question 21
                                  18:02
                                  Multiple Choice Question 22
                                  18:19
                                  Multiple Choice Question 23
                                  18:49
                                  Multiple Choice Question 24
                                  19:11
                                  Multiple Choice Question 25
                                  19:32
                                  Multiple Choice Question 26
                                  20:02
                                  Multiple Choice Question 27
                                  20:23
                                  Multiple Choice Question 28
                                  20:50
                                  Multiple Choice Question 29
                                  21:11
                                  Multiple Choice Question 30
                                  21:40
                                  Multiple Choice Question 31
                                  22:13
                                  Multiple Choice Question 32
                                  22:33
                                  Multiple Choice Question 33
                                  22:55
                                  Multiple Choice Question 34
                                  23:27
                                  Multiple Choice Question 35
                                  23:49
                                  Multiple Choice Question 36
                                  24:11
                                  Multiple Choice Question 37
                                  24:32
                                  Multiple Choice Question 38
                                  24:57
                                  Multiple Choice Question 39
                                  25:23
                                  Multiple Choice Question 40
                                  25:50
                                  Multiple Choice Question 41
                                  26:18
                                  Multiple Choice Question 42
                                  26:44
                                  Multiple Choice Question 43
                                  27:09
                                  Multiple Choice Question 44
                                  27:36
                                  Multiple Choice Question 45
                                  28:02
                                  Multiple Choice Question 46
                                  28:20
                                  Multiple Choice Question 47
                                  28:39
                                  Multiple Choice Question 48
                                  29:08
                                  Multiple Choice Question 49
                                  29:39
                                  Multiple Choice Question 50
                                  30:03
                                  Multiple Choice Question 51
                                  30:28
                                  Multiple Choice Question 52
                                  30:50
                                  Multiple Choice Question 53
                                  31:07
                                  Multiple Choice Question 54
                                  31:32
                                  Multiple Choice Question 55
                                  31:50
                                  Short Question 1
                                  32:35
                                  Short Question 2
                                  34:20
                                  Short Question 3
                                  36:11
                                  Short Question 4
                                  37:18
                                  AP Practice Exam, Section II: Free Response

                                  29m 24s

                                  Intro
                                  0:00
                                  Overview
                                  0:10
                                  Free-Response Section: DBQ
                                  1:38
                                  Brainstorm and Jot Down What You Already Know
                                  2:20
                                  Highlighter
                                  2:57
                                  Use Outside Knowledge
                                  5:11
                                  Assess and Cite the Documents
                                  5:32
                                  Free-Response Section: Long Essay
                                  7:02
                                  Historical Thinking Skills
                                  7:20
                                  Thematic Learning Objectives
                                  7:42
                                  Include an Introduction
                                  8:04
                                  Supporting Evidence
                                  8:20
                                  Free-Response Section: DBQ
                                  8:25
                                  Introduction
                                  9:41
                                  Thesis
                                  9:44
                                  Body Paragraphs
                                  10:14
                                  Support With Evidence
                                  10:33
                                  Historical Phenomena
                                  10:49
                                  Synthesize the Above Components
                                  10:56
                                  Conclusion
                                  11:06
                                  Restate Thesis
                                  11:25
                                  Synthesize the Evidence
                                  12:02
                                  Sample Thesis
                                  12:16
                                  Document 1
                                  21:53
                                  Document 2
                                  22:13
                                  Document 3-7
                                  22:43
                                  Free-Response Section: Long Essay
                                  23:21
                                  Sample Thesis
                                  24:36
                                  Continuity Over Time
                                  25:37
                                  Change Over Time
                                  26:24
                                  Historical Thinking Skills and Use of Evidence
                                  27:36
                                  Conclusion and Analysis
                                  28:10
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